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FASCIOLA HEPATICAAmy LiberioHeather Peters
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FASCIOLA HEPATICA One of the world’s largest fluke
Worm: 30 mm x 13 mm Distinguishable from other faciolidae by:
Oral cone “Shoulders”
Widening of body at base of oral cone Highly branched ceca
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GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION Worldwide (excluding Antarctica)
Where sheep or cattle are raised
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HOSTS
Definitive host: sheep, cattle Accidental host: humans
Intermediate hosts: snails
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MORPHOLOGICAL FORMS Fluke (worm) Eggs Micracidium Sporocyst Rediae Cercariae Metacercaria
Hermaphroditic
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LIFE CYCLE
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LIFE CYCLE Metacercariae ingested Young flukes released from cyst in digestive
tract Adult fluke moves to bile ducts Eggs are released and passed in feces Eggs develop in water and hatch miracidium Miracidium penetrates snail Mother sporocyst produce daughter rediae Daughter rediae produce cercariae Cercariae released in water Cercariae encyst and become metacercariae
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INFECTION AND SIGNS Symptoms:
Gastrointestinal problems: Nausea Vomiting Abdominal pain/tenderness
Fever Rash Difficulty breathing Anemia Migrating juveniles can produce ulcers in eyes,
brain, skin and lungso Can eventually lead to Fascioliasis
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DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENTo Diagnosis:
o Eggs in stool sample (after a few months)o Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)o Antibodies in blood sample
o Treatment:o Prescription drugs
o Rafoxanideo Trichlabendazole
o No vaccine
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ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE Huge issue in cattle and sheep industries
Lowered productivity Lowered fertility Lowered quality of animal products
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PREVENTION & CONTROL Control growth and sale of watercress and other
water plants Avoid potentially contaminated water and/or food Cook vegetables well that were possibly grown
with contaminated water
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REVIEW What is a definitive host for F. Hepatica?
What are a few symptoms?
What morphological form is considered infective?
What is one way to prevent infection?