Factor (letter or number) to Zero Power
03x
That factor = 1
03 3(1) 3x
(anything)0
0(3 )x
Whole ( ) = 1
0(3 ) 1x
FactorNeg Exponent
_ m 42
**Click for Demonstration
_ m 4
FactorNeg Exponent
2**Click for Demonstration
FactorNeg Exponent
42m
4
3
m
Reciprocal of that Base and Exponent (flip bottom to top or
top to bottom) 4
4
22m
m 4
4
33m
m
FactorPos Exponent
4 23m p
Stays where it is!
44 2
2
33
mm p
p
When Base with Neg Exponent
Moves2
3
r
s
Neg Pos
2 3
3 2
r s
s r
Multiply Same Base
3 42 3x x
Add Exponents(Numbers without
exponents are just multiplied)
3 4 3 4 72 3 6 6x x x x
Factor (letter or number)
with no Exponent
5x x
Exponent = 1
5 5 1 6x x xx x
Power of a Power
4 3( )x
Multiply Exponents
4 3 12( )x x
(factors)exponent
2 3(3 )a b
Put Exponent on Every Factor
(letter or number)2 3 3 6 3 6 3(3 ) 3 27a b a b a b
Divide Same Base
5
2
4
6
x
x
Subtract Exponents(Numbers without exponents are just
reduced)5 5 2 3
2
4 2 2
6 3 3
x x x
x
exponentany
fraction
2 3
3
3
2
a b
cd
Put exponent on every letter and
number in fraction.2 3 3 6 3 6 3
3 3 3 9 3 9
3 3 27
2 2 8
a b a b a b
cd c d c d