FACTORS AFFECTING THE USE OF GIS IN URBAN TRANSPORTATION
PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT
Ata M. Khan
Sarah J. Taylor
Jennifer M. Armstrong
Presentation Outline
• Introduction - Components of GIS-T - Factors• Knowledge of GIS• Technological Developments• Cost of GIS• Organizational Factors• Conclusions
Components of GIS Technology (Hardware, Software)
Data (Capture, Integration)
Components
Users & Their Requirements
Institutions (goals & objectives)
(Human resources, organizations)
Factors that affect the use of GIS in urban transportation planning & management
Knowledge base of city employees
& consultants
Technological advances: hardware,
Factors software, methodology
Cost of hardware, software & operations
Organizational factors
Knowledge of GIS
• Formal education
• Professional training
• Career path
• Networking with other GIS professionals
Examples of Recent Technological Developments
Recent technological developments in GIS & related systems
Hardware SoftwareWeb
technologySpecialized
combinations
1 2 3 4
Examples of Recent Technological Developments
Hardware SoftwareWeb
technologySpecialized
combinations
• GPS data collection equipment for field studies• Remote sensing equipment• Technology for tracking probe vehicles• Sensor technology
1
Examples of Recent Technological Developments
Hardware SoftwareWeb
technologySpecialized
combinations
• Combination of ITS, remote sensing & GIS• Combination of GIS & probe vehicle method for traffic condition studies
2
Examples of Recent Technological Developments
Hardware SoftwareWeb
technologySpecialized
combinations
•The internet computing model• Integration of network-wide data & GIS for real time traffic
information 3
Examples of Recent Technological Developments
Hardware SoftwareWeb
technologySpecialized
combinations
• Combination of ITS, GIS and web technology• Combination of GIS & microsimulations• GIS & advanced traffic control
applications 4
Example of Software Development: Combination of EMME/2, TransCAD, and Emissions Model
(VOC Emissions, Ottawa, 2021 Demand assigned to 1995 Network)
BASE NETWORKUSER DEFINED LINK DATA 1
00-05-31 20:56MODULE: 2.13RMOC........ja
EMME/2 PROJECT: 2021 land use, 1995 TRANS model calibration:emme2ban.n21SCENARIO : 30 Copy of Scenario 3 - 1995 network
WINDOW:361829/5026839371646/5034202
LINKS: ci=0 & cj=0
@area
COL-IND:
SCALE: 1
Example of the Combination of GIS, ITS and Web Technology: Public Transit Information System
Example of the Combination of GIS, ITS and Web Technology: Public Transit Information System
Cost of GIS: Example of Municipal GIS
Hardware (including maintenance) 25.7% Software 12.0% Salary 47.1% Training 4.5% Contractual Services (including on site consulting) 2.9% Materials & Services 2.2% Data (outside sources) (if applicable) 5.6% ______ 100.0%
Organizational Factors
• Management level support as a facilitator
• Cooperation and data sharing among organizations
• Integration of GIS into daily business
• Favourable organizational restructuring
• Regional cooperation and data sharing
• Favourable factors => enhanced prospects for the use of GIS
• Implications for developing countries:
- Education and training
- Thorough knowledge of technological
developments
- Encourage cost sharing arrangements
- Remove organizational impediments
Conclusions