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Families of Musical Instruments
6th Grade General Music Classroom
Learning Objectives: Students can categorize instruments into musical families by name
Students can identify instruments from audio samples
By: Amanda Waszczuk
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Families of Musical Instruments
Woodwinds Brass
Strings Percussion
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Intro to WoodwindsClick on the play button below to view a video clip of woodwind instruments.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=43kRGXvcObY
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How Woodwind Instruments Work
The instruments in this family all used to be made of wood, which gives them their name. Today, they are made of wood, metal, plastic or some combination. They are all basically narrow
cylinders or pipes, with holes, an opening at the bottom end and a mouthpiece at the top. You play them by blowing air through the mouthpiece (that's the "wind" in "woodwind") and
opening or closing the holes with your fingers to change the pitch. Metal caps called keys cover the holes of most woodwind instruments.
The mouthpieces for some woodwinds, including the clarinet, oboe and bassoon, use a thin piece of wood called a reed, which vibrates when you blow across it. The clarinet uses a single reed made of one piece of wood, while the oboe and bassoon use a double reed made of two
pieces joined together. Just as with the stringed instruments, the smaller woodwinds play higher pitches while the longer and larger instruments play the lower notes.
http://www.orsymphony.org/edu/instruments/woodwinds.aspx
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Woodwind Instruments
FluteSaxophone
Oboe Clarinet
Click on each instrument below to listen to an audio clip of each one.
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Review-WoodwindsQuestion #1: Which of these instruments is a woodwind instrument?A. French HornB. BassC. OboeD. Tambourine
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Review-WoodwindsQuestion #2: Which of these instruments is not a woodwind instrument?A. FluteB. ViolinC. ClarinetD. Saxophone
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Review-WoodwindsQuestion #3: Click on the link to hear the audio sample.Audio SampleWhich of these instruments is being played in the audio sample?A. FluteB. SaxophoneC. OboeD. Clarinet
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Intro to BrassClick on the play button below to view a video clip of brass instruments.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Cy3tjg1tVw
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How Brass Instruments WorkIf you think the brass family got its name because the instruments are made of brass, you're
right! This family of instruments can play louder than any other in the orchestra and can also be heard from far away. Although their early ancestors are known to have been made of wood, tusks, animal horns or shells, today's modern instruments are made entirely of brass. Brass
instruments are essentially very long pipes that widen at their ends into a bell-like shape. The pipes have been curved and twisted into different shapes to make them easier to hold and play.
Like the woodwind family, brass players use their breath to produce sound, but instead of blowing into a reed, you vibrate your own lips by buzzing them against a metal cup-shaped
mouthpiece. The mouthpiece helps to amplify the buzzing of the lips, which creates the sound. Most brass instruments have valves attached to their long pipes; the valves look like buttons.
When you press down on the valves, they open and close different parts of the pipe. You change the pitch and sound by pressing different valves and buzzing your lips harder or softer.
http://www.orsymphony.org/edu/instruments/brass.aspx
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Brass Instruments
Trumpet French Horn
TromboneTuba
Click on each instrument below to listen to an audio clip of each one.
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Review-Brass
Question #1: Which of these instruments is a brass instrument?A. French Horn B. GuitarC. Snare DrumD. Clarinet
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Review-BrassQuestion #2: Which of these instruments is not a brass instrument?A. TrumpetB. TubaC. TromboneD. Saxophone
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Review-BrassQuestion #3: Click on the link to hear the audio sample.Audio SampleWhich of these instruments is being played in the audio sample?A. TrumpetB. TromboneC. TubaD. French Horn
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Intro to String InstrumentsClick on the play button below to view a video clip of string instruments.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VU7Lu0uWCJQ
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VU7Lu0uWCJQ
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How String Instruments Work
When you look at a string instrument, the first thing you'll probably notice is that it's made of wood, so why is it called a string instrument? The bodies of the string instruments, which are hollow inside to allow sound to vibrate within them, are made of different kinds of wood, but the part of the instrument that makes the sound is the strings, which are made of nylon, steel
or sometimes gut. The strings are played most often by drawing a bow across them. The handle of the bow is made of wood and the strings of the bow are actually horsehair from horses' tails!
Sometimes the musicians will use their fingers to pluck the strings, and occasionally they will turn the bow upside down and play the strings with the wooden handle.
http://www.orsymphony.org/edu/instruments/strings.aspx
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String InstrumentsClick on each instrument below to listen to an audio clip of each one.
ViolinBass
Guitar Harp
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Review-Strings
Question #1: Which of these instruments is a string instrument?A. BassB. XylophoneC. TromboneD. Saxophone
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Review-Strings
Question #2: Which of these instruments is not a string instrument?A. ViolinB. CymbalsC. Guitar D. Harp
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Review-StringsQuestion #3: Click on the link to hear the audio sample.Audio SampleWhich of these instruments is being played in the audio sample?A. ViolinB. BassC. GuitarD. Harp
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Intro to Percussion InstrumentsClick on the play button below to view a video clip of percussion instruments.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xk3BvNLeNgw
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How Percussion Instruments Work
The percussion family is the largest in the orchestra. Percussion instruments include any instrument that makes a sound when it is hit, shaken, or scraped. It's not easy to be a
percussionist because it takes a lot of practice to hit an instrument with the right amount of strength, in the right place and at the right time. Some percussion instruments are tuned and
can sound different notes, like the xylophone, timpani or piano, and some are untuned with no definite pitch, like the bass drum, cymbals or castanets. Percussion instruments keep the
rhythm, make special sounds and add excitement and color. Unlike most of the other players in the orchestra, a percussionist will usually play many different instruments in one piece of music.
http://www.orsymphony.org/edu/instruments/percussion.aspx
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Percussion InstrumentsClick on each instrument below to listen to an audio clip of each one.
XylophoneCymbals
Snare Drum Tambourine
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Review-Percussion
Question #1: Which of these instruments is a percussion instrument?A. TrumpetB. FluteC. HarpD. Tambourine
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Review-Percussion
Question #2: Which of these instruments is not a percussion instrument?A. CymbalsB. Snare DrumC. TubaD. Xylophone
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Review-Percussion
Question #3: Click on the link to hear the audio sample.Audio SampleWhich of these instruments is being played in the audio sample?A. CymbalsB. Snare DrumC. XylophoneD. Tambourine
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Try Again Please
Back
The Woodwind Instruments are…Flute
SaxophoneOboe
Clarinet
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GREAT WORK, MAESTRO!
Go on
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Try Again Please
Review
The Woodwind Instruments are…Flute
SaxophoneOboe
Clarinet
![Page 30: Families of musical instruments](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052505/555c160cd8b42ad27e8b5345/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
GREAT WORK, MAESTRO!
Go on
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Try Again Please
Review
FluteSaxophone
Oboe Clarinet
Click on each instrument below to listen to an audio clip of each one.
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GREAT WORK, MAESTRO!
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Try Again Please
Review
The Brass Instruments are…Trumpet
French Horn Trombone
Tuba
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GREAT WORK, MAESTRO!
Go on
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Try Again Please
Review
The Brass Instruments are…Trumpet
French Horn Trombone
Tuba
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GREAT WORK, MAESTRO!
Go on
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Review
Trumpet French Horn
TromboneTuba
Click on each instrument below to listen to an audio clip of each one.
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GREAT WORK, MAESTRO!
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Try Again Please
Review
The String Instruments are…ViolinBass
Guitar Harp
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GREAT WORK, MAESTRO!
Go on
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Try Again Please
Review
The String Instruments are…ViolinBass
Guitar Harp
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GREAT WORK, MAESTRO!
Go on
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Review
ViolinBass
Guitar Harp
Click on each instrument below to listen to an audio clip of each one.
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GREAT WORK, MAESTRO!
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Review
The Percussion Instruments are…Xylophone
CymbalsSnare Drum Tambourine
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GREAT WORK, MAESTRO!
Go on
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Try Again Please
Review
The Percussion Instruments are…Xylophone
CymbalsSnare Drum Tambourine
![Page 48: Families of musical instruments](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052505/555c160cd8b42ad27e8b5345/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
GREAT WORK, MAESTRO!
Go On
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Try Again Please
Review
XylophoneCymbals
Snare Drum Tambourine
Click on each instrument below to listen to an audio clip of each one.
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GREAT WORK, MAESTRO!