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Glaucia Mendes Souza
Instituto de Química - Universidade de São Paulo
Rubens Maciel
Faculdade de Engenharia Química
UNICAMP
Heitor Cantarella
Instituto Agronômico de Campinas
Marie-Anne Van Sluys
Instituto de Biociências Universidade de São Paulo
Andre Nassar
ICONE
FAPESP Bioenergy Research Program BIOEN: Science and Technology for Sustainable Bioenergy
Production
http://bioenfapesp.org
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“Many governments in the industrialized world are spending less in clean energy
research now than they were a few years ago”
(Editorial, Nature June 6th, 2012)
“What is missing are solutions that are cheap, scalable and politically viable”
Call for serious investment in renewable energy research Increased international cooperation
Interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary approach to problems
Brazil as an example of a renewable energy matrix and the bioethanol program
Energy vs. Biodiversity Protection vs. Environmental Resources
People
Planet
Profit
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The brazilian energy matrix is 47% renewable Bioethanol represents 20% of Brazil’s fuel matrix
15 million flex-fuel vehicles
Total brazilian bioethanol production for 2012/13 is projected at 23.9 billion L Total sugarcane production is estimated to be 571,47 million tons Co-generation (burning of the bagasse in boilers) contributes to 4.7% of our electricity
UnicaData, 2012
9 million ha sugarcane 405 mills
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Sugarcane for ethanol uses 2% of agricultural area
4
Area used for sugarcane for ethanol (4 Mha, 0.5%)
Area used for agriculture (76.7 Mha, 9%)
Rural properties area (355 Mha, 42%)
Total country area (851 Mha, 100%)
Source: Horta Nogueira e Seabra (2008)
Small Bioenergy Footprint
Pasture 200 Mha Soya 22 Mha
We have 60 million ha that could be used for expansion
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gCO2eq/Mj
80% reduction of GHG emissions using sugarcane ethanol
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Mandates around the world: demand of 227 billion Liters of EtOH by 2022
Southwest: dry winter
Marginal land, pastureland, and
poor soils
• Drought resistance
• Crop breeding to new
environments
• Revise nutritional
needs and managing
of fertilizers
• Recycle nutrients of
crop and industry
residues
• Land Use Change
Models
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Sugarcane Agro-industry
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Research to expand the industrial model
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Energy Crops and Green Technologies: a new Green Revolution
• High yield and fast growth crop • Able to produce under short growing seasons • Tolerant to periodic drought and low temperatures • Low nutrient inputs requirements • Relatively small energy inputs for growth and harvest • Ability to grow in sub-prime agricultural lands
Designing crops for energy production
New technologies for biomass processing, fuel production, engines • Low cost of energy production from biomass • Significantly positive energy balance • Significant GHG reduction • Low polution
Development of biorefinery systems • Zero-carbon emission biorefinery • Complete substitution of petro-chemicals with bio-based chemicals • Low water footprint, low polution, low emissions •Alcohol chemistry, sugar chemistry, oil chemistry to diversify the biomass industry with co-products
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Sugarcane: the highest tonnage crop
Glaucia Mendes Souza, USP; Monalisa Carneiro, Hermann Hoffmann, UFSCAR
Theoretical maximum: 380 tons/ha
Current average: 75 tons/ha
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Breeding and Genomics: the challenging sugarcane genome
Genoma da
Cana-de-açúcar
(cromossomos)
S. officinarum
S. spontaneum
Giant Genome (n 750-930 Mpb), Polyploid (2n = 70-120 cromossomos), ~10 Gb
Glaucia Souza, Carlos Hotta, Marie-Anne Van Sluys, USP
Augusto Garcia, USP; Anete Pereira, UNICAMP
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Biotechnological tools for the improvement of sugarcane: http://sucest-fun.org
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Fuel production and more: a zero-carbon emission biorefinery
It is possible to have bagasse surplus to produce electricity and ethanol Integrated bioethanol, biogas and electricity production (double energy output) Zero carbon emission biorefinery system (consorted bioethanol-biodiesel-biokerosene production) Bio-based chemicals using a synthetic biology approach (production of lactic acid isomers from sucrose, $$$, 190,000 added value) Products from ethanol via acetaldehyde and ethylene route (Green Ethane Process to 98.9% purity)
Cantarella, H., Buckeridge, M. S., Van Sluys, M. A., Souza, A. P., Garcia, A.
A. F., Nishiyama-Jr, M. Y., Maciel-Filho, R., Brito Cruz, C. H. and Souza, G.
M. (2012). Sugarcane: the most efficient crop for biofuel production.
Handbook of Bioenergy Crop Plants. Taylor & Francis Group, Boca
Rotan, Florida, USA. Editors: Chittaranjan Kole, Chandrashekhar P. Joshi
and David R. Shonnard. ISBN: 978-1-4398-1684-4.
Rubens Maciel, UNICAMP
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SUSTAINABILITY AND IMPACTS
Ethanol as a global strategic fuel
Horizontal studies to consolidate sugarcane ethanol as the leading technology path to ethanol and derivatives production
Land use changes
GHG emissions Biomass and soil carbon stocks
Water use Biodiversity
Regional income generation Job creation and migration
Integrating tools
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Monitoring water quality and aquatic communities
Satelite monitoring of
water quality
Capacity to
antecipate changes in
euthrofization
Bernardo Ruddorf, INPE; Luis Schiesari, USP
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LUC and ILUC: expansion and GHG emissions
Remote sensing series feeding an Economic Model for Food vs. Fuel vs. Land vs. Biodiversity
Emission monitor
Bernardo Ruddorf, INPE; Carlos Cerri, USP; Andre Nassar, ICONE
Soil carbon stocks
N2O emissions
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International bioenergy market, certification and policy implications
Competitive and sustainable production of bioenergy in South America Central America Africa 0.43 GHa @ 10kL/Ha.yr Potential 4,300 GL 2050: Available land for biofuels (Doornbosch and Steenblik, 2007)
New-comers insertion does not depend only on the
agricultural and economical aptitudes but on their
political institutions, and most important on their
capacity to implement public policies for the
development of biofuels. Internal public policy
legitimacy is a condition necessary for
competitiveness.
Public regulatory systems orient the private
certification systems. NGOs can intervene with
public regulation to assure broad sustainability
criteria for biofuels production.
Paulo Furquim de Azevedo, Bruno Perosa; FGV
Certification systems that will prevail (e.g.
Bonsucro) are those that present lower cost of
verification, biomass specific, make use of
ongoing public regulation, reduced costs of
compliance and verification and are
legitimated by social-economic interests
(NGOs).
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BIOEN DIVISIONS
BIOMASS Contribute with knowledge and technologies for Sugarcane Improvement Enable a Systems Biology approach for Biofuel Crops
PROCESSING AND ETHANOL TECHNOLOGIES Increasing productivity (amount of ethanol by sugarcane ton), energy saving, water saving and minimizing environmental impacts
ENGINES Flex-fuel engines with increased performance, durability and decreased consumption, pollutant emissions
BIOREFINERIES AND ALCOHOL CHEMISTRY Complete substitution of fossil fuel derived compounds Sugarchemistry for intermediate chemical production and alcoholchemistry as a petrochemistry substitute
IMPACTS Studies to consolidate sugarcane ethanol as the leading technology path to ethanol and derivatives production Horizontal themes: Social and Economic Impacts, Environmental studies and Land Use
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Fundamental knowledge and new technologies for a bio-based society
• Academic Basic and Applied Research (US$ 30 million)
Since 2008, 89 grants, 300 brazilian researchers, collaborators from 15 countries
– Regular, Theme and Young Investigator Awards
Open to foreign scientists who want to come to Brazil
• State of São Paulo Bioenergy Research Center (US$ 90 million)
• International partnerships
United States, United Kingdom and The Netherlands
(Oak Ridge National Laboratories, UKRC, BBSRC, BE-Basic)
• Innovation Technology, Joint industry-university research (5 years)
Company Subject
Oxiteno Lignocellulosic materials
Braskem Alcohol-chemistry
Dedini Processes
ETH Agricultural practices
Microsoft Computational development
Vale Ethanol technologies
Boeing Aviation Biofuels
BP Processes and sustainability
FAPESP Bioenergy Research Program BIOEN
Australia
Austria
Belgium
China
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Guatemala
Italy
Portugal
Spain
The Netherlands
United Kingdom
United States
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33
26
12
2 10
NUMBER OF PROJECTS PER DIVISION
Biomass Biofuels Technologies
Biorefineries Engines
Impacts and Sustainability
83 ongoing projects
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Program FAPESP Areas
15 1
10
3 3
2
4
1 1 1
2
1
9
1 2
11
1 2 1 6
6
AgronomyBiophysicsBiochemistryBotanyFood Science and TechnologyEcologyEconomicsAgricultural EngineeringMetallurgical and Materials EngineeringElectrical EngineeringMechanical EngineeringNuclear EngineeringChemical EngineeringSanitary EngineeringPhysicsGeneticsGeosciencesInterdisciplinaryMathematicsMicrobiologyChemistry
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Program Budget
Type of grant (scholarships included) R$
BIOEN JP 5,021,264.80
BIOEN PITE 5,194,701.21
BIOEN Regular 6,282,596.29
BIOEN Temático 61,913,647.06
TOTAL 78,412,209.36
6% 7% 8%
79%
JP
PITE
Regular
Temático
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Participating Institutions # Projects
UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO 38
UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS 13
SECR EST AGRICULTURA PECUÁRIA E ABASTECIMENTO DE SÃO PAULO 9
UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL PAULISTA JULIO DE MESQUITA FILHO 7
MINISTÉRIO DA CIÊNCIA, TECNOLOGIA E INOVAÇÃO 6
UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE SÃO CARLOS 3
UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO ABC 2
INST DE ESTUDOS DO COMÉRCIO E NEGOCIAÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS 2
SECRETARIA DE DESENV. ECONÔMICO, CIÊNCIA E
TECNOLOGIA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO 1
MINISTÉRIO DA AERONÁUTICA 1
FUNDAÇÃO GETÚLIO VARGAS SÃO PAULO 1
11 Participating Institutions
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Research Grants + Scholarships per City
Campinas 111 São Paulo 74 São Carlos 56 Piracicaba 40 Lorena 20 Ribeirão Preto 10 Araraquara 9 São José do Rio Preto 7 Sorocaba 6 Botucatu 5 São José dos Campos 4 Santo André 2 Pirassununga 1
http://www.bv.fapesp.br/pt/16/pesquisa-em-bioenergia-bioen//
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BIOEN Production
Published articles 427
Submitted articles 10
Book chapters 51
Books 3
Thesis 53
Dissertations 109
Presentations in events 348
Media News 28
Awards 3
Patents 17
Softwares 1
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My Researcher ID BIOEN
ResearcherID: H-6149-2012
URL: http://www.researcherid.com/rid/H-6149-2012
85% of the articles have been cited
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My Researcher ID BIOEN
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BIOEN Site: http://bioenfapesp.org Mailing List: [email protected] and [email protected]
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BIOEN Site: http://bioenfapesp.org Mailing List: [email protected] and [email protected]
available on our website
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http://bioenfapesp.org
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Partners
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FAPESP BIOENERGY PROGRAM BIOEN
http://bioenfapesp.org
Program Coordinator Glaucia Mendes Souza Departamento de Bioquímica Instituto de Química Universidade de São Paulo BIOEN Secretariat Mariana P. Massafera - Program Manager Alê V. Machado - Assistant
Alexandre Futata - Systems Analyst
Committee Marie-Anne Van Sluys Instituto de Biociências Universidade de São Paulo Rubens Maciel Faculdade de Engenharia Química Universidade Estadual de Campinas Heitor Cantarella Instituto Agronômico Secretaria de Agricultura e Abastecimento do Estado de São Paulo Andre Nassar Instituto de Estudos do Comércio e Negociações Internacionais