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Fundamentals of FashionFashion Terminology
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Why wear clothing?1. Protection-Clothing that provides safe guards
to the body
2. Adornment-Added decoration or
ornamentation
3. Identification- Establishing who someone is
or what they do
4. Modesty-Covering the body according to the
code of decency established by society
5. Status- Shows ones rank or position in
comparison to others
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Accessories• Articles added to complete or enhance
an outfit- shoes, jewelry, belts, handbags,
etc…
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Apparel
• All men's,
women's, and
children's
clothing
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Avant-Guarde
• A French expression that in the clothing
industry means being ahead of fashion.
– Daring and unconventional
– “far out” do not appeal to most people
– ex. Cut out clothing, bright hair colors,
extreme lip color
– Don’t last long
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Classic
• A fashion that
retains general
acceptance
over a very
extended
period of time
• What are
examples of
classics?
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Composite
• A garment that
is a
combination of
tailored and
draped.
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Design Detail
• The various garment parts that distinguish
styles. Necklines, collars, sleeves, bodice,
lapels, hemlines, etc. (a T-shirt is a garment
type, the neckline changes the style of that
garment. i.e. crew neck, Henley, v-neck, etc.)
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Draped
• Wrapped or hung
on the body and
usually held in
place with pins,
buttons, toggles,
sash or belt.
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Fad
• A fashion with a
sudden burst of
popularity- temporary
• What fads do you
notice this year at
school?
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Fashion
• The currently
accepted style.
• What are the
current
fashions now?
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Fashion Products: Goods/Services
Goods are tangible items
that are made,
manufactured, or grown.
They include apparel,
textiles, accessories, &
other fashion products.
Services are intangible
things that people do,
such as tasks performed
for customers.
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Fashion Movement
• THE ONGOING MOTION OF FASHIONS
MOVING THROUGH THE FASHION CYCLE.
• THERE ARE MANY FACTORS THAT CAN
AFFECT THE FASHION MOVEMENT.
• ECONOMIC FACTORS
• SOCIAL FACTORS
• INTRODUCTION OF NEW FIBERS & FABRICS
• ADVERTISING TECHNIQUES
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Fashion Leaders• FASHION LEADERS ARE TRENDSETTERS, OR INDIVIDUALS WHO ARE
THE FIRST TO WEAR NEW STYLES, AFTER WHICH THE FASHION IS
ADOPTED BY THE GENERAL PUBLIC.
– TRENDSETTERS WERE ROYALTY OR WEALTHY
– IN TODAY’S SOCIETY, MEDIA CELEBRITIES OFTEN SET THE FASHION
CYCLES IN MOTION.
– EX: 2003 ACADEMY AWARDS, MANY OF THE FEMALE STARS
ATTENDING THE TELEVISED CEREMONY WORE CHANDELIER-STYLE
EARRINGS. THIS MEDIA EXPOSURE IMMEDIATELY CAUSED THAT
STYLE OF JEWELRY TO BE IN DEMAND.
• FASHION LEADERS MAY BE HIGH-PROFILE PEOPLE WHO GET MEDIA
ATTENTION. THIS EXPOSURE RESULTS IN MORE PEOPLE SEEING
THE NEW DESIGNS AND CAUSES THE GENERAL ACCEPTANCE OF A
FASHION.
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Fashion Cycle– Introduction: the beginning of a new style, trend
– Rise: gain in popularity and familiarity
– Culmination/peak: the highest point or peak of the trend
– Decline: the end of a style or trend
– Outdated: no longer popular
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FASHION THEORIES• TRICKLE-DOWN THEORY
• TRICKLE-UP THEORY
• TRICKLE-ACROSS THEORY
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TRICKLE-DOWN THEORY• Fashion starts at the top with consumers
of higher socieconomic status & moves
down to the general public.
• According to this theory, people with lower
incomes, at the bottom of the ladder, will
only wear fashions that have become
popular among consumers with higher
incomes, at the top of the ladder.
• As more people begin to wear the
fashions, those at the top become less
interested in the fashion & begin looking
for something new.
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TRICKLE-UP THEORY• FASHION STARTS WITH CONSUMERS ON
LOWER-INCOME LEVELS & THEN MOVES TO CONSUMERS WITH HIGHER INCOMES.
• CONSUMERS ON LOWER-INCOME LEVELS MAY ALSO INCLUDE YOUNGER CONSUMERS.
• EXAMPLES OF THIS THEORY:
– ATHLETIC APPAREL STYLE
– HAIR STYLE
– PUNK STYLE
– GRUNGE STYLE
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TRICKLE-ACROSS THEORY• FASHION ACCEPTANCE BEGINS AMONG SEVERAL
SOCIOECONOMIC CLASSES AT THE SAME TIME, BECAUSE
THERE ARE FASHION LEADERS IN ALL GROUPS.
• THESE LEADERS INFLUENCE THEIR GROUPS TO ACCEPT
NEW STYLES.
• THIS THEORY IS ESPECIALLY PROBABLY IN THE 21ST
CENTURY BECAUSE TECHNOLOGY ALLOWS DESIGNER
FASHIONS TO BE COPIED QUICKLY & EASILY, MAKING THEM
AVAILABLE FOR ALL CONSUMERS.
$500.00 $125.00 $50.00
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Fit
• The right
size or
how tight
or loose
the
clothing
is on the
person
wearing it
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Garment
• Any article of
clothing- Dress,
coat, suit, sweater,
pants, etc…
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Haute Couture (oat-koo-TOUR)• French for “Fine Sewing”
• Design that predominated until the 1950’s
• Made for the individual customer, look and fit take priority over the cost of materials and the time it takes to make
• The most costly garments, ranging from $2,000-$40,000.
• High price guarantees you have a one of a kind outfit or gown that fits you perfectly and has been designed with you in mind.
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Ready to Wear
• Clothing mass produced in standard
sizes and sold to customers without
custom alterations.
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Silhouette
• The shape of a clothing style shown by
its outer lines
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Recurring cycle in skirt lengths: 20-30 years
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Style
• A particular design, shape or type of apparel item.
The style of a garment is determined by the distinct
features that create its overall appearance.
• Each person develops their own over time.
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Tailored
• Made by cutting fabric pieces and then
sewing them together to fit the body.
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Trend• The movement of a fashion into and through the
marketplace
• How long a fashion remains popular
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Wardrobe
• All the apparel a
person owns
including all
garments and
accessories.