![Page 1: Field effects of LAS enriched sludge on soil fauna](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5681516e550346895dbf9fc6/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
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Field effects of LAS enriched sludge on soil faunaPaul Henning KroghJohn JensenMartin HolmstrupNational Environmental Research Institute
Kristian K. BrandtVeterinary and Agricultural University
Georgio CassaniCONDEA Augusta Italy
Kaj HenriksenAalborg University
![Page 2: Field effects of LAS enriched sludge on soil fauna](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5681516e550346895dbf9fc6/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
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Aims
• Is LAS toxic under field condition?• How does the laboratory results
agree with field results?• How can we explain the field
results?
![Page 3: Field effects of LAS enriched sludge on soil fauna](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5681516e550346895dbf9fc6/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
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Mixing LAS into sludge
![Page 4: Field effects of LAS enriched sludge on soil fauna](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5681516e550346895dbf9fc6/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
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Laying down stringof sludge in soil groove
![Page 5: Field effects of LAS enriched sludge on soil fauna](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5681516e550346895dbf9fc6/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
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LAS in sludge stimulates plant growth
![Page 6: Field effects of LAS enriched sludge on soil fauna](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5681516e550346895dbf9fc6/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
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Experimental design
19 m
12 m
Blok 2 Blok 3 Blok 4 Blok 5Blok 1
Aerobic sludge + LAS g kg-1
4 cm
cm 2
4
0
50“0” 10
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Plant roots grow in whole bundles through the sludge
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![Page 9: Field effects of LAS enriched sludge on soil fauna](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5681516e550346895dbf9fc6/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
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LAS disappearance from sludge
0
20
40
60
80
100
MAY JUN JUL
LA
S %
rem
ain
ing
of
init
ial
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Digging up a soil block for determination of earthworm abundance
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A. caliginosa
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Enchytraeids in sludge
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Enchytraeids in soil
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F. fimetariaIn
div
idu
als
10
3 m
-2
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Willemia sp.In
div
idu
als
10
3 m
-2
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M. macrochaetaIn
div
idu
als
10
3 m
-2
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Prostigmatid mitesIn
div
idu
als
10
3 m
-2
![Page 18: Field effects of LAS enriched sludge on soil fauna](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5681516e550346895dbf9fc6/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
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Gamasid mites (predators)In
div
idu
als
10
3 m
-2
![Page 19: Field effects of LAS enriched sludge on soil fauna](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5681516e550346895dbf9fc6/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
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Astigmatid mitesIn
div
idu
als
10
3 m
-2
![Page 20: Field effects of LAS enriched sludge on soil fauna](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5681516e550346895dbf9fc6/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
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Summary of resultsShort term: • Colonisation of all soil invertebrates
studied is inhibited by LAS (except two groups of mites)
Long term:• Collembolans and earthworms have
recovered from LAS• Enchytraeids did not recover from LAS
after 5 months• Mites and M. macrochaeta are
stimulated by LAS
![Page 21: Field effects of LAS enriched sludge on soil fauna](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5681516e550346895dbf9fc6/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
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Lab toxicity of LAS in soilE
C50
rep
rod
uct
ion
, mg
kg
-1
0
100
200
300
400
500H. assimilis
F. fimetaria
H. aculeifer
A. caliginosa
A. longa
E. albidus
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How does laboratory results agree with field results?
• Inhibitory effects both in lab and field to all soil invertebrates except gamasid mites
• Enchytraeids were the most sensitive species in both lab and field
• Earthworm and enchytraeid populations were not more sensitive to LAS compared with microarthropods
• Recovery of earthworms and collembolans
![Page 23: Field effects of LAS enriched sludge on soil fauna](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5681516e550346895dbf9fc6/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
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Conclusion
LAS in sludge has a short term toxic effect to soil invertebrates in sludge,
but recovery has been attained for allmost all soil invertebrates, except enchytraeids that had just started to recover