Download - Filament Bulbs: endangered species?
Filament Bulbs: endangered species?
Νikoleta MavredakiTriantafillia PsaroudakiAlkisti KapnisakiMarina ChoustoulakiAnna-Maria Papasifaki
“Green” lightTeam N.T.A.M.A
4th High School of Chania
Overview
Literature search of incandescent light bulbs
Experiments comparing four different types of light bulbs
Questionnaire Poster
From natural to artificial
From natural to artificial
Lascaux oil lamp replica made of red sandstonehttp://cart.occpaleo.com/lascauxoillampreplica.aspx
From natural to artificial
Diogenes of Sinope 323 B.C.First filament bulb by Thomas Edison
Inventors of filament bulbs
Thomas EdisonAmerican Inventor
Josef Swan British Physicist and Chemist
Heinrich GӧbelGerman mechanic and inventor
inventor of the first true electrical light bulb in 1850 but he did not applied for a patent
Inventors of filament bulbs
Filament bulbs
http://www.nomenclaturo.com/electric-electricity
Tungsten filament wire
Heated to a high temperature
Bulb glows
Halogen bulbs
• The tungsten filament lasts longer.• Their lifespan is reduced when we touch them with bare
hands.
http://visual.merriam-webster.com/house/electricity/lighting/tungsten-halogen-lamp.php
• International environmental treaty• Target : phase out completely the use of incandescent filament bulbs
Kyoto protocol
Kyoto Protocol participation map
Developed countries that have renounced the protocol
Developing countries Developed countries that agreed to meet binding targets Developed countries that have not ratified the protocol
Experimental procedure
We measured:• Electrical current• Temperature • Spectrum 700 Lumen
Filament
L.E.DC.F.L
Halogen
Experimental setup
Temperature measurement:Loss of heat
Temperature (oC)
Type of Bulb
Spectral radiance
Type of Bulb (700 Lumen)
Filament Halogen CFL LED
Light bulb expected lifespan (h) 1,000 2,000 10,000 25,000
Bulbs needed for 50,000 hours of use (N) 50 25 5 2
Cost per bulb(€) 0.7 2.8 4.3 10
Cost of bulbs needed (€ ) BC = Cost per bulb x Ν
35 70 21.5 20
Measured current used by the bulb (mA) 255.4 206.5 59.5 40.7
Calculated power (Watt) P (Watt) = V (Volt) x I (Amp), V = 230 Volts
59 47 14 9
KWh of electricity used over 50,000 hoursΕ (KWh)=P x time /1000
2937 2375 684 468
Electricity Cost (€) (assuming 0.10 € per KWh) EC=Ε*0,1
294 238 68 47
Total Cost (€ ) = BC + EC 329 308 89.5 67
Comparative calculations
Conclusion
Questionnaire
• Attitude• Preferences• Awareness• Knowledge
Sample population
Respondent demographic profile
Increasing public awareness
• In schools
• In companies
POSTER
http://www.chreact.gr/ http://ec.europa.eu/energy/lumen/doc/retailers-el.pdf http://artemis.cslab.ntua.gr/el_thesis/artemis.ntua.ece/DT2010-0297/DT2010-0297.pdf http://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9B%CE%B1%CE%BC%CF%80%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%81%CE%B
1%CF%82_%CF%80%CF%85%CF%81%CE%AC%CE%BA%CF%84%CF%89%CF%83%CE%B7%CF%82
http://www.rae.gr/old/downloads/sub2/1792(28-9-99)_YA13897.pdf http://ebooks.edu.gr/modules/ebook/show.php/DSGL-C107/483/3168,12808/ http://epapanis.blogspot.gr/2007/09/blog-post_1084.html http://mail.cochrane.es/files/Recursos/How_to_design_a_questionnaire.pdf http://eartheasy.com/live_led_bulbs_comparison.html http://www.ehow.com/how_5970824_make-survey-questionnaire.html#ixzz2yZt0IGNi http://www.google.gr/url?
sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&ved=0CCwQFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Feis.pspa.uoa.gr%2Fdocuments%2Fcourse_108%2F7.ppt&ei=pM8cU8XBOcWyywOu9oKwAw&usg=AFQjCNEV3maR71OoV5wiRs2YLitM4EjTBA&bvm=bv.62578216,d.bGQ
References
Thank You !