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Finding genetical modified
contaminations (GMO) in groceries
by using gel electrophoresis & PCR
Biotechnologisches Gymnasium
Mettnau-Schule, Radolfzell
GMOGMO
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Structure1. Experiment design
2. Grocery samples tested
3. Results of the investigation of GMO food
- Germany ( 1st and 2nd analysis)
- USA
4. Conclusion
5. Suggestions and next steps
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Experiment design
1)Sample preparation 2)PCR
3)Gel electrophoresis 4)Analysis
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Grocery samples
Grocery samples
corn
tofu
hamburger
lucky strike
dog food
polenta
potato crisps
rabbit food
bean sprouts
leaves of corn
11
3
2
(N = 23)
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origin GMO primer
plant primer
result valid
1st analysis
Germany
tofu 1 - - - +1)
tofu 2 - - - +1)
soy meal - - - -
corn meal - + - +
hamburger - - - +1)
tobacco - - - -
dog‘s feed - - - +1)
popcornSeeberger
- + - +
negative c. - - - -2)
positive c. + + + +
Results of the investigation of GMO in food
1 = no chlorophyll
2 = DNA was digested
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Results of the investigation of GMO in food2nd analysis GMO
primer plant
primer
result
valid
Germany
rabbit’s feedVitakraft
- + - +
biotofu, Edeka - - - +
fresh corn leaves Gottmadingen
- + - +
fresh corn - - - ?
bio-corn Seeberger - - - +
polenta Kattus - - - +
tortilla chips, Delvita - + - +
soy sprouts, bamboo garden
- - - +
tobacco, Lucky Strike
- - - +
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Results of the investigation of GMO in food
USA GMO primer
plant primer
results
valid
America’s choice corn starch
- + - +
America’s choice muffin mix
- + - +
All natural corn starch
- - - +
Agro Pure corn starch
- - - +
Quaker, corn meal - + - +
Aunt Jamina corn meal mix
- + - +
Jiffy corn muffin mix - + - +
fresh corn leaves - + - +
fresh corn - + - +
negative c. - + - +
positve c. + + + +
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Conclusion
Result No GMO detected Food was not genetically modified
Standard Experimental design worked
GMO Primer Only covers 85% of the organism
Plant Primer Could not be detected in all samplesSolution : sample mill for disintegration
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Suggestions and next steps
- DNA is digested without sample buffer , even when it‘s boiled : Buffer contains complexing substances for Ca2+ and Mg2+
- Gels with 3 % (w/v) agarose : tends to keep air bubbles - High concentration of agarose and buffer : the gel swells
- Problem: the wells will become smaller and smaller : difficult to load - remove comb just before loading
- PCR is not influenced by any mistakes
- For electrophoresis: put samples + control samples of the same primer together in 1 line
– you can save space!
- Two combs fits in one gel – that saves space as well !
=> For statistic purpose : sent us more samples !!!
Thank you for your attention
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