First Responder Action(Session III)
Sharing Knowledge on Disaster Warning: Community-basedLast-Mile Warning System
Bangladesh University of Engineering TechnologyDhaka, Bangladesh
25 October 2007
Nuwan Waidyanatha12 Balcombe Place,Colombo 08, Sri Lanka
Tel: +94 773710394, +86 13888446352Email: [email protected]
LM-HWS Components and their functions
ERP-C(n,m)
ERP-C(n,2)
ERP-C(n,1)
National Early
Warning
Center
Hazard
Information
HubDomestic &
International
Sources
ICT
-G(n
)
CO
MM
UN
ITY
(n)
Networks
Staff at the HIH monitor hazard events around-the-clock
When an “Event of Interest” is detected, HIH follows a protocol that may resultin the issuance of a message to ICT Guardians over multiple modes
ICT-Gs receive messages and acknowledge receipt
If urgent or high-priority alerts, ICT-Gs notify local ERP-Coordinators in thecommunity using locally agreed on methods
In real cases, ICT-Gs and ERP-Cs will await official warnings
In live tests, ERP-Cs activated local ERP and were timed
Stage 1: HIH Monitors
Alert and Notification Stages
Stage 2: ICT Guardians
Stage 3: ERP Coordinators
Hazard
Information
Hub
ICT-G( n)
Networks
ERP-C(n,m)
ERP-C(n,2)
ERP-C(n,1)
HIH-Monitor
ICT Guardian
Relay Alert
ERP Coordinators
Dissemminate
Report Status
Acknowledge
Resolve CAP Alert ()
Activate ICTG ERP ()
Activate Community ERP ()
Relay Results
Activate HIH ERP ()
Download Alert ()
T0
T1
T2
t0
t1
t2
Hazard Information Hub
Stage 1: Monitoring Staff
Hazard Information Hub Monitor Functions and Workflows
HIH-Monitor
Relay Alert
Get Acknowledgement
Send Acknowledgement()
Download Messages()
T0
t0
Create EOI()
Request Approval
Recieve Approval
t`0
Monitor
verifies
incoming
data
Monitor
consults with
Executive
Event of
Interest?
No
Yes
Decision to
send Alert
No
Yes
Monitor composes
message using
predefined
process
Monitor issues
Alert message
and notifies HIH
Coordinator
Stage 2: ICT Guardians Receive, Verify, and Acknowledge Message
ICT Guardian Functions and Workflows
ICT Guardians
Recieve Alert()
Determine Priority ()
Notify ERP Coordinators
Get Feedback
Acknowledge Receipt()
t1
t`1
T1
ICT Guardian
verifies CAP
message and
sends
acknowledgement
Message Priority
Medium or Low
No
Yes
ICT Guardian is vigilant
and is on standby for
further instructions
Message priority
Urgent or High
No
Yes
ICT Guardian notifies
local ERP Coordinators
Local Dissemination Methods
STAGE 3: ICT ERP Coordinators Functions and Workflows
ERP
Coordinators
accept
message
Activate Pre
Dissemination ERPs
ERP Coordinators notify
Community and activate
Evacuation Plans
ERP Coordinator
Gets Notification ()
Prepare ERP Coorinators ()
Execute Evacuations()
Reports ERP Status()
t2
t`2
T2
ERP-C(n,m)
ERP-C(n,2)
ERP-C(n,1)
CO
MM
UN
IT
Y (
n)
ICT-G( n)
Networks
Hazard
Information
Hub
Average Reliability and Effectiveness of Independent Components
0.76 0.78
0.64
0.83
0.36
0.10
HIH ICT Network Community
Component Name
Reliabiity Effectiveness
Reliability and Effectiveness of First Responders
Hazard
Information
Hub
Recommendations•Need to setup better system to force HIH Monitor to acknowledge receipt of alert• Develop a single input multiple output software application to speedup relaying of alert via multipleICTs to the communities; i.e. P2P Multilanguage CAP Broker
Benchmark• 95% Reliability and Effectiveness
Current Performance• Reliability = 78%• Effectiveness = 83%
Average Reliability of HIH Monitor's Functions
1.00
0.41
0.860.97
0.69
Dow
nload
Ack
nowle
dgemen
tEOI
Appro
val
Rel
ay
Name of Function
Re
lia
bil
ity
• Given the complexities in communities 65% reliability is tolerable but bench mark should be 85%• Effectiveness can be improved if and only if entire community participates in training andsimulations as well be prepared for “all-hazards”; effectiveness is low because very few participated intraining and drill and also were prepared only for tsunami evacuations
Average Reliability of Community Perfromance
by District
0.48
0.00
0.54
0.77
0.53 0.57
0.680.61
0.89
Am
para
Bat
tical
oa
Colo
mbo
Galle
Ham
banto
ta
Kal
munai
Kal
utara
Mat
ara
Trinco
mal
ee
Distrcit Name
Reliab
ilit
y
ERP-C(n,m)
ERP-C(n,2)
ERP-C(n,1)
CO
MM
UN
ITY
(n)
Current Performance• Reliability = 64%• Effectiveness = 10%