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PROPRIETARYThe information contained herein is proprietary to and should be considered a trade secret of ABB Inc.It shall not be reproduced in whole or in part without the written authorization of ABB Inc
Next generation for atmospheric sensing technologies
Florent Bouguin, CREATE Summer School, July 2012
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Content
Personal background & Introduction
ABB organization presentation
Ground-based products: AERI
Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer overview
Airborne solution: CARVE
Carbon in Arctic Reservoirs Vulnerability Experiment
Space borne optical sensors
Today in space
Polar Communications and Weather
Polar Highly Elliptical Orbit
Our product development process
Conclusion© ABB Group July 27, 2012 | Slide 2
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ABB’s vision
As one of the world’s leading engineering companies, we help our customers to use electrical power efficiently, to increase industrial productivity and to lower environmental impact in a sustainable way.
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ABB at a glance
Multinational corporation operating mainly in the power and automationtechnologies areasOne of the largest engineering companies and amongst the largest conglomerates in the world.
135000 employeesin about 100 countries$38 billion in revenue
Formed in 1988 merger of Swiss and Swedish companies
Predecessors founded in1883 and 1891
Publicly owned company with head office in Zürich, Switzerland
(2011 numbers)
A global leader in power and automation technologies
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ABB in CanadaMajor locations
Remote SensingAssociated with Quebec unit (formerly Bomem)
Québec, QC
Charest
ABB Canada a $2 billion company which has enjoyed 10% annual growth over the last 5 yearsABB Canada employs over 5 000 people in 45 locations
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ABB Quebec origins
1973 Bomem Inc. was formed
1987 Bomem goes public
1990 Hartmann & Braun acquires Bomem
1995 Bomem is ISO 9001 Certified
1996 Elsag Bailey acquires Hartman & Braun
1999 ABB acquires Elsag Bailey
2011 ABB Bomem Inc. fully merged into ABB Inc. (Canada)
History and heritage
Henry Buijs and Garry Vail,founders of Bomem
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ABB Analytical Measurements (Quebec)World leader in FT-IR solutions
ABB Analytical Measurements designs, manufactures, and markets optical instruments and analytical solutions based on molecular spectroscopy for industrial and remote sensing applications Founded as Bomem Inc. in 1973 (joined ABB in 2000), ABB isnow building on nearly 40 years of experience in FT-IR and high end optical systemsMore than 8 000 instruments installed worldwideA recognized leader in:
High quality analysis solutions for Industrial Process Monitoring and QA (Molecular spectroscopy)Remote sensing instrumentation
Measurement Products unit in ABB Process Automation divisionLargest ABB R&D group for IR and optical instrumentationOver 200 employees
www.abb.com/analytical
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Industrial markets products
PROCESS INDUSTRY
OEM
Chemicals & Life Sciences
+ Pharmaceuticals+ Academic:
Universities, Colleges,Research Centers
HPI (oil & petroleum)
Semiconductors
METALLURGY
Analyzers for liquid aluminum
Process Automation for industrial chemical measurements
Process Industry & Quality Assurance + Metallurgy
Oleochem
PoDFA
MB3000 Family
HP460OEM Kit
WPA
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ABB Remote Sensing DepartmentVision
Space opticsaddressing global challenges™
“Efficiently serve customers in remote sensing atmospheric, meteorological, and defense applications. Offer the best solutions as a market leader in terms of innovation, reliability and performance”.
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ABB Remote Sensing
CUSTOMERS:Space agenciesDefense research laboratories IndustriesOperational remote monitoringAcademic research
MARKETS:Weather forecasting ▪ Remote IR characterizationAtmospheric science ▪ Gas detectionClimatology ▪ Environmental monitoringAstronomy ▪ Defense and securityHyperspectral imaging
Customers and markets
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ABB Remote Sensing
ABB’s dedicated team of engineers and scientists has the expertise to efficiently serve customers in remote sensing atmospheric, meteorological, and defense applications
About 100 employees with space-related skillsoffer the best solutions Market leader in FTIR in terms of performance, reliability and innovation
Space optics expertise
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ABB Remote Sensing
Solutions for ground-based, airborne, and space borne optical sensors
FTIR modules / SpectrometersSpectral Imaging systems and hyperspectral imagersMetrology systems and Fine control mechanismsFront-end optics and telescopesCalibration targets and systemsOGSE (Optical Ground Support Equipment)Algorithms and software for ground segment and simulation
Instrument modeling and performance assessmentLevel 0–1B processing
#1 global market leader in space borne FTS
Space business at a glance
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ABB Remote Sensing
Worldwide recognized expertiseABB is the only company having flown four FTS in space
3 interferometers are currently in orbit:(2003 – … ) SciSat-1: ACE-FTS(2009 – … ) GOSAT: TANSO-FTS(2011 – … ) Suomi NPP: CrIS-FTS(Polym FTS has flown on STS-34 in 1988)
Signature technology: FTS
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ABB Remote Sensing
Products
(15%)
Products and engineering services
AERIMR SeriesCATSI Family Imaging MR
GOSAT: TANSO-FTS SciSat-1: ACESuomi NPP: CrIS SpIOMM IFU
Remote GasDetection
Remote IR Characterization
HyperspectalImaging
Meteorology, ClimateAtmospheric
Environmental monitoring Weather forecasting Atmospheric
Science AstronomyCustom Instruments
+ Contract Engineering
(85%)
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ABB capabilities in space opticsFacilities and equipment
Infrastructures to build Space & Defense hardwareClean rooms (5) & laboratories ▪ ESD workbenchesEnvironmental chamber ▪ Beryllium safe areaThermal vacuum chambers (4) ▪ 3D printerVibration test setupPrecision optical test equipmentCMM (2, Cleanroom & lab)
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ABB capabilities in space optics
ABB has a world-class calibration capability, being involved on four Earth Observation Satellites (EOS) instruments.
Optical Ground Segment Equipment
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ABB capabilities in space opticsSimulators and Ground Segment processing
ABB masters all aspects of physical modelization for simulation as well as algorithms for front-end processingof spaceborne interferometer remote sensing data
Developed software for different space programs:Ground Segment MIPAS and MERIS (ESA)Spectroradiometer Performance SimulatorsSpace Instrument System Simulators
MIPASEnd-to-End Simulator
HyperspectralInstrument Simulator (HySIS)Simulates airborne & spaceborne dispersive imaging pushbroomspectrometers and other types of spectral imagers
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ABB capabilities in space optics
MICRO/NANO SATELLITESPlanetary exploration missions – PIWIFast payload development – MINTConstellation of satellites for globalcoverage and short revisit time
SMALL SATELLITESDedicated science missions with – SciSat-1: ACE-FTSlimited number of instruments
LARGE SATELLITESMulti-instrument operational missions – NPOESS/NPP: CrIS, IASI Geosynchronous sounders – HES, MTGMulti-instrument science missions – EnviSat: MIPAS, MERIS– TES, MOPITT, GOSAT– AIRS, SOFIS
Atmospheric and environmental
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ABB capabilities in space optics
Polym FTS(Shuttle STS-34)
Delivery of key flight hardware (1988 – 2012)
MOPITTCalibration
SourcesTESCalibration Sources
SCISAT ACE-FTS
SOFISINT-EM
CrISINT-FM1
GOSAT INT-FM
CrISINT-FM2
MIPASOGSE-1
MIPASOGSE-2, AIRS OGSE
FGSOGSE-2
CrISOGSE-2
CrISOGSE-1
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
CrISCalibrationSource FM1
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Sample key programs
GOSAT/Ibuki
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A remote sensing product: AERI™Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer
AERI is a ground based instrument for atmospheric profile determination in the planetary boundary layer and lower tropospheric levels, allowing:
Weather forecastingAir quality monitoringAnalysis of cloud and aerosol propertiesIR modeling for spectroscopic applicationsCharacterization of land and oceanic surfacesAirport fog monitoringetc.
AERI is also a remote sensing tool designed to improvethe understanding of climate and environmental Earth system trends
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MR-i, last addition to the MR Series products lineSpectroradiometer with imaging capabilities
- dual bands (MWIR/LWIR, MWIR/MWIR, etc)- up to 256 x 256 pixels- 0.6 to 32 cm-1 spectral resolution- up to 88 cubes/s
Equivalent to 2 imaging spectroradiometers perfectly synchronized and controlled via a single interfaceR&D applications:
Infrared target characterisationGas detection
Chemical identification & quantificationFuture market:
Environmental monitoring & research
ABB imager solution: MR‐I products
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PARIS roadmapHigh-resolution solar occulting
PARIS, a ground-model of ACE developed for the University of Waterloo and University of Toronto with the support of the CSA
PARIS was the precursor of 4 additional similar instruments for ground-based or airplane-based solar occulting
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PARIS TOKYO TSUKUBA BEIJING
ACE Cal/Val,UoWaterloo,
Canada
GOSAT demoJAXAJapan
GOSAT CAL/VAL (airplane)
NIESJapan
C-ACE demoBVS/WWSC
China
CARVE(Pasadena)
GHG measurement in the arctic
(airplane)JPL (USA)
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Airborne solution: CARVECarbon in Arctic Reservoirs Vulnerability Experiment
The Arctic is warming much faster than the global average
High latitude climate change amplification
Estimated that 1000–2000 PgC are currently stored in permafrost and frozen soils
3–6x of the ~350 PgC released from fossil fuel combustion since 1850
Increasing temperatures threaten to mobilize permafrost C into dynamic cycling, creating a potentially massive perturbation to the climate system
How much C is vulnerable to release?
How fast might it be released?
What fraction would be released as CO2? As CH4?
Are there signatures that an irreversible climate system “tipping point” is approaching?
Ost
erka
mp,
200
3B
row
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al.,
200
1 [N
SID
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Alaska permafrost domains
Soil temperature trends
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The CARVE Flight System
The CARVE Science instruments include
PALS (Passive-Active L-band System)—surface control variables
FTS—Column CO2, CH4, and CO
ISGA (In situ Gas Analyzer)—atmospheric trace gas concentrations
Twin Otter + Science Instruments
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FTS Links CARVE to Satellite Observations
Averaging kernels for detection of atmospheric CO2 for OCO (blue) and AIRS (red). OCO and
AIRS information can be combined to yield vertically resolved CO2 profiles.
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
101
102
103
uncertainty (ppmv)pr
essu
re (
mb)
a prioriAIRS+OCOAIRS aloneOCO alone
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CARVE: delivered in 2011Success in test-flights
The Carbon in Artic Reservoirs Vulnerability Experiments (CARVE): Results from 2012 FTS Test-Flights and Ground Based ObservationsThomas P. Kuroso, Charles E. Miller, Steven J.DinardoJet Propulsion Laboratory
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POLYM: POLYmer Morphology Experiment
In 1988, ABB-Bomem supplied to 3M the FTIR sub-system for the POLYM Space Shuttle instrument for the study of polymers under microgravity
The POLYM instrument consisted of a FTIR including source, detector and electronics, coupled to adedicated sampling system
ABB-Bomem developed the interferometer subsystembased on standard parts of an MB100 spectrometer
The instrument flew and operated successfully on board STS-34 Atlantis Space Shuttle launched on October 18, 1989
1989, first instrument in space
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Aura: TES
The Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) is a high resolution FTIR used to measure and profile many gases important for tropospheric physics and chemistry
On the Earth Observing System (EOS) Aura polar orbiting platform launched on July 15, 2004
ABB built the On-Board Calibration Subsystem (OBCS) that allows the radiometric and spatial calibration of the TES instrument during flight
The OBCS comprised a blackbody source providing a known infrared signal for the radiometric calibration of the spectrometer, plus a spatial calibration sourceused for the monitoring of the relative positions of the four TES focal planes, as well as a set of control electronics
On-board calibration system
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Terra: MOPITT
MOPITT, Measurement of Pollution In The Troposphere, is an Canadian Space Agency (CSA) instrument flying on NASA’s EOS Terra spacecraft, measuring troposphericCO on a global scale
ABB-Bomem designed and built the in-flight calibration sources for the MOPITT instrument
MOPITT was launched on December 18, 1999, and has been operational ever since
ABB also developed the ground calibration source
On-board calibration system
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SciSat-1: ACE-FTS
ABB was the prime contractor of ACE, the main instrument of the Canadian Space Agency’s satellite SciSat-1ACE is a high spectral resolution FTIR (0.02 cm–1) operating in solar occultation providing high sensitivity and broad spectral coverage with a measurement time of 2 s per spectrumIt measures concentration profiles of more than 40 gases in the atmosphere, including Ozone and CFC’s
Application: Ozone chemistry and Atmospheric Research
ACE/SciSat-1 was successfully launched on August 12, 2003and continues to deliver exceptional results
It’s performance still exceeds originalCSA requirements after more than 4 times its original design lifetime
Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment
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GOSAT: TANSO-FTS
TANSO-FTS is the main instrument of the GOSAT Satellite used by JAXA to measure greenhouse gases
In particular precise total column density of CO2 and methane over defined regions of the globe
Prime contractor was NEC-Toshiba Space Systems
ABB designed and built the Michelson interferometer and its control electronics
Design is based on ACE/SciSat-1 and SOFIS heritage
ABB delivered the flight model in 2007
GOSAT/IBUKI satellite successfully operating on-orbit since launch on January 23, 2009
Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite
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JWST/FGS Optical Ground Support Equipment
Key elements of the Canadian contribution to the James Web Space Telescope (JWST) for test and characterization of performance of the observatory guiding camera
Canadian contribution to JWST > 150 M$
Simulates incoming light from the telescope with 25 stars precisely positioned on the curved focal surface
OGSE operated at 30 K
Produced to flight standardfor cleanliness
ABB was contracted by ComDev
Fine Guidance Sensor & Tunable Filter Interferometer
ABB’sOGSE
FGS/TFI instrument before cryogenic testing
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NPP/JPSS: CrIS
CrIS is an FTIR for weather forecasting from low earth orbitCrIS provides measurements of scene radiance to allow theretrieval of temperature, pressure, and humidity distributionsA key instrument of the Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS, formerly NPOESS), the next generation of US polar-orbiting weather satellites
ABB is responsible for the design and manufacturing of the Michelson interferometers, calibration sources and algorithms
60 persons at its peakOver 200000 engineering hoursDelivery of 2 operational-class flight models
FM-1 launched on-board NPP on October 20, 2011Very positive initial results
FM-2 unit delivered in spring 2012
ABB was contracted by IIT Exelis
Cross-track Infrared Sounder
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PCW: Polar Communications and Weather mission
Canada is considering to place a pair of satellites in highly elliptical orbit, allowing continuous quasi-geostationary observations over the high latitudes (> 70º) of northern hemisphere, to provide communication services and to collect weather imagery over the Artic regionsABB, within the industrial team leaded by MDA, developeda concept for the meteorological multi-spectral imagerABB awarded STDP for study of new generationoperational GEO imagers ($5.7 million contract)
21 channel imager with spatial resolution from0.5 km to 2 km with 15 minutes refresh rateProject Phase A completed in 2011Anticipated to begin operations in 2017
ABB also awarded Phase A study for PHEOS (Polar Highly Elliptical Orbit Science), a science payload instrument
Canadian Mission
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PHEOS Mission Objectives
The project aims to enhance the PCW meteorological mission
Improve climate process modeling and weather forecasting,Better understand the impact of industrial and agricultural pollution and Boreal forest burning on the ArcticAssess perturbations due to the increasing release of methane from the permafrost and from shallowly buried Clathrates
The data provided by the PHEOS payload are important for operational numerical weather predictionThe PHEOS instrument addresses directly the two following elements of the PCW URD:
Atmospheric and air quality monitoringClimate change monitoring
And it supports the Weather and Environmental Forecasting element
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Development on ACE-like Instruments
MATMOS on ExoMars
EDU delivered in 2011
CASS
Phase 0 competed
Compact FTS for space exploration - FISS
Feasibility studies completed
Breadboard tested
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Goal: Provide continuity of composition measurements in stratosphere and upper troposphere between end of ACE, EOS Aura missions and GACM (6 years +).
Instrument to be built on the heritage of ACE-FTS
ABB involved in studies to define instrument interfaces in different environment options and to include some improvements identified in the SOAR program.
Mission Option under study :Launch ACE on a Canadian-built spacecraft based on Magellan’s bus (would include CASS-CATS instrument and guest instrument)
CASS Mission Feasibility Study (CSA, Bristol, ABB)
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Our Product Development Process
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ABB AnalyticalEngineering team
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Product development process (PDP)Waterfall and iterative at the same time
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Com
plex
ity
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Engineering Team PDP – Mindset
Best Practice: “Proof of Concept” before FCR - before starting the design. Systematically removing risk as early as possible is embedded and enforced into our PDP process and in the Mindset of our Engineering staff.
Fail early and often but not to avoid mistakes
Edison noted that the real measure of success is the number of experiments that can be crowded into 24 hours. Failures should not be confused with mistakes. Failure can be a desirable outcome of an experiment. This is what enables us to learn and go forward to reach
success!
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System engineering team Roles and responsibilities
Translate customer needs into engineering language (Voice of customer)
Technical leadership in the project
Manage requirements
Define concept and architecture
Guide system design activities
Lead failure mode analysis and system reliability
Responsible of project technical risk
Develop verification and validation / acceptance strategy
Ensure the compliance of the system
Support procurement, productization, service and maintenance activities
Lead technical proposals and support business development
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System engineering teamUnderstand customer needs
Operational Concept Document
What is the problem domainSystem context
Use cases defineSystemBoundariesInterfacesActorsFunctions
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Requirements management
User requirements comprehensionSystem requirements definition and flow down
Verification methodTraceability
Sub-system and module requirements flow down=>Compliance matrix delivery
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Designing an optical sensor
In control of the costs and the schedule
Large team
Principal
Sub contractor, partner, supplier
High reliability and quality
Configuration control & documentation management
Norms, standards & regulations
Intellectual Property management
Challenges
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Industrial Research Chair in Atmospheric Remote Sounding
Chairholder:
Pr Charles Thomas McElroy (Department of Earth and Space Science and Engineering - York University)
Objective:
Design, build and ultimately deploy new, innovative remote-sounding instruments that will address significant atmospheric themes involving climate change processes, air-quality issues and the recovery of the ozone layer
Development of technologies with commercial applications and the resulting instruments, made available to the global atmospheric community will likely include participation in one or more space missions
NSERC/ABB/CSA
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In summary
ABB designs, manufactures and markets high-performance optical sensors for industrial processes, space and defense markets
ABB is the largest Canadian supplier of space-based optical sensors for atmospheric and weather applications
ABB is also a top quality manufacturing production line for fabrication of high-end complex optical systems
Aggressive growth plan for the coming years
Very good prospects for advancement and career progression
Your participation for understanding climate changes
Space optics addressing global challenges™
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Contact Us
Florent Bouguin Ing, M.Sc, Systems Engineering supervisor585 Charest Boulevard East, Suite 300Quebec, (Quebec), G1K 9H4, CanadaTel: 418 877-2944 x201Cell: 418 [email protected]/analytical
ABB Analytical
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Thank you for your attention
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