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FLOW PATTERN
a good length of liquid path
a very long liquidpath
high liquid–vapor ratios
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FLOW PATTERN
• Cross flow • Double pass
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SINGLE PASS
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DOUBLE PASS
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DOWN COMERS AND WEIRS
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WEIR
• Straight Horizontal• Adjustable• Notched
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DOUBLE PASS SLOPPED DOWNCOMERS
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MECHANICAL SUPPORTS
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MANWAY
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TRAY HYDRAULICS
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CAPACITY GRAPH FOR A TYPICAL BUBBLE-CAP TRAY
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FLOW REGIMES
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CLOSE-UPS
• Cellular foam • Froth (Operating regime)
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CLOSE-UPS• Emulsion regime • Froth regime
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TRAY EFFICIENCY
Overall efficiencyac
eqo N
NE
21010 log044923.0log27511.052782.0 oE
Efficiency correlation (O’Connell, 1946)
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MURPHREE EFFICIENCY MODEL
Thus,
inout
inoutMV yy
yyE
*
inout
inoutML xx
xxE
*
1234 xxxxxout
It is possible to have
outout yy *
1MVE
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SIEVE TRAY LAYOUT• Net area• Hole area• Active area
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LIQUID PRESSURE HEADS ON SIEVE TRAY
dugradcrestweirpdc hhhhhh
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PRESSURE HEADS ON BUBBLE CAP TRAY
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COLUMN DIAMETER
v
vLflood Ku
2.0
20
sbCK
floodop ufractionu )( 3600netv
vop A
MWVu
4
)( 2DiaAnet
3600)(4
floodv
v
ufractionMWVDia
Estimate sbCL
v
v
Llv W
WF
from sbC VS
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Capacity factor versus flow parameter
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ADIOS!• All of the references are provided during
class lectures. • All of the pictures are taken from various
books and Websites solely for educational purpose.
• The author is thankful to Dr, Syeda Sultana Razia, associate professor, ChE, BUET, for developing the core concept of this presentation.