Download - Flowering Plants
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Flowering Plants
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Parts Of The Plant• The root anchors the
plant and absorbs water and minerals from the soil
• The stem supports the plant
• The leaves make food for the plant
• The flower makes seeds
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The Flower
• The flower is responsible for reproduction (making more plants)
• The male organs called the stamen• The female organs are called the carpel• The petals attract insects • The sepals protect buds• Flowers emerge in spring and summer,
they grow from a bud
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Parts Of A Flower
Carpel
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The Stamen
• The stamen is the male organ• It is made up of two parts:1. The filament supports the anther2. The anther makes pollen• Pollen is the male sex cell
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The Carpel
• The Carpel is the female organ• It is made up of three parts:1. The Stigma is sticky for pollen to stay on
it2. The Style is where the pollen tube eats
through3. The Ovary contains ovules. This is
where fertilisation takes place
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The Carpel
Carpel
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Pollination
• Pollen is made on the anther • It has to travel to a stigma • This is called pollination• Some plants attract insects for pollination• Some use the wind• Self pollination is when plants pollinate their
own stigmas• Cross pollination is when other flowers are
pollinated
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Insect Pollination
Brightly coloured, large petals attract insects
Nectar can be used to make honey
Attractive scents (smells)
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Wind Pollination
Small or no petals
Long stamens hanging outside the flower
No attractive smell
No Nectar
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Fertilisation
• This is when pollen fertilises the ovules• This takes place in the ovary
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Seeds
• When the pollen tube reaches the ovary it finds an ovule
• The nucleus from the pollen fertilises the nucleus from the ovule
• This fertilises the ovule and makes a seed• The seed grows in the ovary• The flower dies as the seed develops
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Seed Dispersal
Seeds have to be dispersed because they cannot grow where their parents are. They need a patch of soil where they do not have to compete for water and sunlight
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Wind Dispersal
Dandelion seeds
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Hooks
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Explosive
When Gorse dries out the pod cracks open and the seeds inside explode outwards
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Fruits
The Seeds are on the outside of the strawberry
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Germination
• This is when the seed starts to grow into a plant
• It happens when the seed gets three conditions:
1. Water2. Heat3. Oxygen
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Photosynthesis
• Plants can make their own food• This is called photosynthesis• Carbon Dioxide + water + light energy Glucose + Oxygen
• Leaves have chloroplasts that soaks up sunlight
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The Starch Test• Leaves store their food (glucose) as starch• How would you de-starch a plant?• Place it in the dark for a few days• The plants cell walls have to be softened in
boiling water• Chlorophyll is removed by boiling in Ethanol• Iodine turns from brown to black when starch
is present• http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/ks3bitesize/science/biology/
green_plants_2.shtml
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Watering Plants
When plants do not get enough water or minerals they start to wilt
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Stomata• Plants photosynthesise during the day and
respire when it is dark• Gases get in and out of a leaf through tiny holes
called stomata
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Stoma
Open Closed