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AUGUSTA, Ga. — Tiger Woodscompleted a comeback from per-sonal and professional adversityon Sunday, capturing his fifthMasters title and his 15th majortournament with a victory thatsnapped a decade-long champi-onship drought and instantly re-turned him to the top of the sportsworld.

It was a monumental triumphfor Woods, a come-from-behindvictory for a player who had hadso much go wrong on the courseand off after his personal life be-gan to come apart on Thanksgiv-ing night in 2009.

As such, it was only fitting thatafter he walked off the 18th hole onSunday, his one-stroke victory se-cure, his path to the official scor-ing office was gridlocked withwell-wishers, including many ofthe golfers he vanquished overfour grueling days at Augusta Na-tional Golf Club.

Woods triumphed in almost sto-ic fashion, playing with shrewd-ness and determination over thefinal stretch of holes while theother players who were groupedwith him on the leaderboard tookturns succumbing to the pressureof trying to win the Masters.

And although Woods did bogeythe final hole, he did so with a two-stroke lead and victory in sightand a calculated willingness togive one of those strokes back if itmeant he would avoid any disas-trous mistake that might cost himthe tournament.

Only when he tapped in his finalputt did Woods let loose with a joy-

Triumph EndsWoods’s Years

In Wilderness

By KAREN CROUSE

Tiger Woods after winning the Masters on Sunday. After his last major title in 2008, he had struggled personally and professionally.DOUG MILLS/THE NEW YORK TIMES

Continued on Page A12

For months, employees of theInternational Committee of theRed Cross have made weekly vis-its to a detention camp in northernSyria bearing a photograph of apetite woman in her early 60s.

They show the image to campofficials, comparing it with pic-tures of tens of thousands of otherpeople in the camp’s database. Allof them are escapees from the Is-lamic State’s last stretch of terri-tory, which fell to American-

backed forces last month.The woman in the photo is Lou-

isa Akavi, 62, a New Zealandnurse and midwife who was ab-ducted in late 2013 in the north-west Syrian city of Idlib. She is oneof the last links to the group of atleast 23 Western hostages held byISIS, a majority of whom were re-leased for ransom while otherswere killed in widely publicizedbeheadings.

For more than five years, heremployer and her government im-posed an especially strict mediablackout, warning that any men-tion not only of her identity, but

even of her nationality, could en-danger her. But now that ISIS’ ca-liphate has collapsed, the aidgroup has broken its silence inhopes that the public can help findher and two Red Cross drivers,both Syrians, kidnapped along-side her.

“From the moment Louisa andthe others were kidnapped, everydecision we made was to maxi-mize the chances of winning theirfreedom,” said Yves Daccord, di-rector general of the humanitar-ian organization, in his first inter-view about his missing col-leagues. “With the Islamic State

group having lost the last of its ter-ritory, we felt it was now time tospeak out.”

The aid group and the New Zea-land government have reason tobelieve she is alive. As recently asDecember, Red Cross officialssaid, at least two people describedseeing her at a clinic in Sousa, oneof the final villages to be held byISIS.

The Red Cross also considerscredible at least three other re-ported sightings of her — in AbuKamal in 2016, Raqqa in 2017 andMayadeen last year, officials with

She Was Kidnapped by ISIS 5 Years Ago. She May Still Be Alive.

By RUKMINI CALLIMACHIand ADAM GOLDMAN

Continued on Page A6

The Chinese government hasdrawn wide international con-demnation for its harsh crack-down on ethnic Muslims in itswestern region, including holdingas many as a million of them in de-tention camps.

Now, documents and inter-views show that the authoritiesare also using a vast, secret sys-tem of advanced facial recognitiontechnology to track and controlthe Uighurs, a largely Muslim mi-nority. It is the first known exam-ple of a government intentionallyusing artificial intelligence for ra-cial profiling, experts said.

The facial recognition technol-

ogy, which is integrated into Chi-na’s rapidly expanding networksof surveillance cameras, looks ex-clusively for Uighurs based ontheir appearance and keepsrecords of their comings and go-ings for search and review. Thepractice makes China a pioneer inapplying next-generation technol-ogy to watch its people, poten-tially ushering in a new era of au-tomated racism.

The technology and its use tokeep tabs on China’s 11 million Ui-ghurs were described by five peo-ple with direct knowledge of thesystems, who requested ano-nymity because they feared retri-bution. The New York Times alsoreviewed databases used by thepolice, government procurementdocuments and advertising ma-terials distributed by the A.I. com-panies that make the systems.

Chinese authorities alreadymaintain a vast surveillance net,including tracking people’s DNA,in the western region of Xinjiang,which many Uighurs call home.But the scope of the new systems,previously unreported, extendsthat monitoring into many other

Facial Scans Tighten China’s Grip on a MinorityBy PAUL MOZUR Authorities Use A.I. to

Sweep City Crowdsfor Uighurs

China’s surveillance was already extensive in cities like Kashgar, in the western region of Xinjiang.THOMAS PETER/REUTERS

Continued on Page A8

WASHINGTON — StephenMiller was furious — again.

The architect of PresidentTrump’s immigration agenda, Mr.Miller was presiding last monthover a meeting in the White HouseSituation Room when he de-manded to know why the adminis-tration officials gathered therewere taking so long to carry outhis plans.

A regulation to deny welfarebenefits to immigrants — achange Mr. Miller repeatedly pre-dicted would be “transformative”— was still plodding through theapproval process after more thantwo years, he complained. So werethe new rules that would overturncourt-ordered protections for mi-grant children. They were still notfinished, he added, berating Ron-ald D. Vitiello, the acting head ofImmigration and Customs En-forcement.

“You ought to be working onthis regulation all day every day,”he shouted, as recounted by twoparticipants at the meeting. “Itshould be the first thought youhave when you wake up. And itshould be the last thought youhave before you go to bed. Andsometimes you shouldn’t go tobed.”

A few weeks after that meeting,the consequences of Mr. Miller’sfrustration and the president hewas channeling have played out instriking fashion.

Mr. Trump has withdrawn Mr.Vitiello’s nomination to perma-nently lead ICE and pushed outKirstjen Nielsen, his homeland se-curity secretary. The depart-ment’s acting deputy secretary,Claire Grady, and the Secret Serv-ice director, Randolph D. Alles, aredeparting as well. And the White

House has made it clear that oth-ers, including L. Francis Cissna,the head of United States Citizen-ship and Immigration Services,and John Mitnick, the depart-ment’s general counsel, are likelyto go soon.

Mr. Trump insisted in a tweet onSaturday that he was “not frus-trated” by the situation at the bor-der, where for months he has saidthere is a crisis that threatens thenation’s security. But unable to de-liver on his central promise of the2016 campaign, he has targetedhis administration’s highest-rank-ing immigration officials.

And behind that purge is Mr.Miller, the 33-year-old WhiteHouse senior adviser. While immi-gration is the issue that has domi-nated Mr. Trump’s time in office,the president has little interest orunderstanding about how to turnhis gut instincts into reality. So it isMr. Miller, a fierce ideologue whowas a congressional spokesmanbefore joining the Trump cam-paign, who has shaped policy, in-furiated civil liberties groups andprovoked a bitter struggle withinthe administration.

White House officials insistedto reporters last week that theyhad no choice but to move againstadministration officials unwillingor unable to make their agenciesproduce results. One senior ad-ministration official at the WhiteHouse, who requested anonymityto discuss what he called a sensi-tive topic, said many of the admin-istration’s core priorities havebeen “either moving too slowly ormoving in the wrong direction.”

But current and former officialsfrom those agencies, who also re-quested anonymity to discuss

Trump’s Own Officials PayFor His Anger Over Border

Vocal Adviser Pushed for Homeland SecurityPurge After Months of Policy Clashes

By EILEEN SULLIVAN and MICHAEL D. SHEAR

Continued on Page A13

WASHINGTON — SenatorBernie Sanders, in a rare andforceful rebuke by a presidentialcandidate of an influential partyally, has accused a liberal thinktank of undermining Democrats’chances of taking back the WhiteHouse in 2020 by “using its re-sources to smear” him and othercontenders pushing progressivepolicies.

Mr. Sanders’s criticism of theCenter for American Progress, de-livered on Saturday in a letter ob-tained by The New York Times,reflects a simmering ideologicalbattle within the DemocraticParty and threatens to reopenwounds from the 2016 primary be-tween him and Hillary Clinton’sallies. The letter airs criticismsshared among his supporters:that the think tank, which hasclose ties to Mrs. Clinton and theDemocratic Party establishment,is beholden to corporate donorsand has worked to quash a left-ward shift in the party led partlyby Mr. Sanders.

“This counterproductive nega-tive campaigning needs to stop,”Mr. Sanders wrote to the boards ofthe Center for American Progressand its sister group, the Center forAmerican Progress Action Fund.“The Democratic primary mustbe a campaign of ideas, not of bad-faith smears. Please help play aconstructive role in the effort todefeat Donald Trump.”

Sanders Attacks‘Smear’ Tactics

At Think TankBy KENNETH P. VOGEL

and SYDNEY EMBER

Continued on Page A14

The question was simpleenough, but Senator John Ed-wards squirmed painfully. For 49long seconds, the North CarolinaDemocrat, a masterful courtroomorator, sputtered before a crowd atHarvard, unable to settle on a fa-vorite movie.

Taunted by the MSNBC anchorChris Matthews, who accused himof scrambling political calcula-tions in his head, Mr. Edwardseventually supplied a thoroughlyinoffensive answer: “The Shaw-shank Redemption.”

Pete Buttigieg watched in hor-ror.

Two weeks later, in October2003, Mr. Buttigieg vented his dis-may in The Harvard Crimson.Contrasting Mr. Edwards’s hollowpresentation with ArnoldSchwarzenegger’s brazen cam-paign for governor of California,Mr. Buttigieg wrote that Republi-

Buttigieg’s TackFrom Early On:

Narrative FirstBy ALEXANDER BURNS

Mayor Pete ButtigiegALYSSA SCHUKAR FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

Continued on Page A15

BORDER PATROL’S ALLURE With decent pay, benefits and some pres-tige, the force offers a path to the middle class in South Texas. PAGE A11

A cinema where the man in the booth istraining new devotees in the vanishingskills of celluloid. Grace Notes. PAGE A18

NEW YORK A17-21

The Projector ProfessorFive years later, Nigeria’s presidentagain vowed to bring back over 100 girlstaken by Boko Haram. PAGE A4

INTERNATIONAL A4-10

A Grim Anniversary in ChibokCharlie Rosen, known for his work onBroadway, plays 70 instruments, includ-ing mandolin, theremin, zither, flugel-bone and yes, electric piano. PAGE C2

ARTS C1-8

A Modern Music Man

The president’s plan of attack is to actas if the special counsel’s report isextraneous to his attorney general’sbrief letter, aides said. PAGE A16

NATIONAL A11-16

Spinning Mueller’s FindingsIt may not feel like it from your refund(or lack of one), but you probably didget a tax cut. Now is the time to checkyour paycheck withholdings. PAGE B1

BUSINESS B1-8

Averting Tax Shock Next Year

The Lyft-owned bike sharing serviceremoved electric-assist models from thestreets over safety concerns. PAGE A17

Brake Problems for Citi Bike

Homelessness, brain injuries and post-traumatic stress are aggravating fac-tors for a population at risk. PAGE A16

Veteran Suicides Unabated

The United States is canceling the visasof academics suspected of having ties toChinese intelligence agencies. PAGE A9

Chinese Scholars or Spies?

Charles M. Blow PAGE A23EDITORIAL, OP-ED A22-23Last year’s Boston Marathon runner-up

wants to be an elite runner even whileworking as a nurse anesthetist. PAGE D5

SPORTSMONDAY D1-9

Craziest Schedule in Running

Paul Greengard, whose quest to under-stand how brain cells communicatehelped lay the groundwork for treatingmental illnesses, died at 93. PAGE D11

OBITUARIES D10-11

Nobel-Winning Neuroscientist

VOL. CLXVIII . . . No. 58,298 © 2019 The New York Times Company MONDAY, APRIL 15, 2019 Printed in Chicago $3.00

Mostly sunny south. Some sunshinenorth. Highs in upper 40s north tomiddle 60s south. Cloudy tonight.Showers north. Low 30s north to 40ssouth. Weather map is on Page D8.

National Edition