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Forest biomass
procurement as
silvicultural tool for
management in Quebec,
Canada
Evelyne Thiffault, ing.f. PhDAssociate professor, Laval University, Quebec (Canada)
Evelyne Thiffault
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Ecosystem-based forest management in Quebec
Naturalness at the heart of management decisions
Naturalness: degree to which forest ecosystems are characterizedby natural processes and/or the absence of humaninfluence.
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Advanced regeneration is protected during clearcut operations.Natural seedlings establish on the site during the following years.
Daniel Gouge
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Evelyne Thiffault
No chemical control of competition in forest plantationsCompetition = accompanying species
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Evelyne Thiffault
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Claudie-Maude Canuel Claudie-Maude Canuel
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Evelyne Thiffault
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In landscapes with high naturalness, the forest industrial network needs to adapt to very variable wood quality
Evelyne Thiffault
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Sawmills and pulpmills often have strict standards and requirements in terms of wood quality
https://ici.radio-canada.ca/nouvelle/789777/groupe-remabec-collaboration-formation-communaute-atikamekw-wemotaci
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Spruce – Pine – Fir - LarchDurocher et al. 2019. Untapped volume of surplus forest growth as feedstock for bioenergy. Biomass Bioenergy, 120: 376-386.
Ratio of actual harvest on allowable annual cut%
No industrial takerfor low-quality boreal hardwoods
• Sound coniferous locked amongboreal hardwoods with no taker
• No industrial taker for degradedconiferous
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Counterfactual case: Sound trees are harvested for sawnwood and pulpand degraded trees are left as residues
Evelyne Thiffault
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Jonathan Beauséjour
Potential impacts on regeneration establishment and growth
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Daniel Gouge
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Can unloved trees serve as sustainable feedstock for bioenergy?
Evelyne Thiffault
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Careful tree sorting and processing: degraded wood used for biofuels; sound wood used for lumber
Claudie-Maude Canuel Claudie-Maude Canuel
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Sutherland et Foreman (1995)
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Claudie-Maude Canuel Claudie-Maude Canuel
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Quantity of woody debris –
Timber harvesting only - No biomass
procurement
Plot IDMass (oven-dry
metric tonne/ha)
10 61.2
12 26.7
15 43.3
13 45.0
Mean 44.1
Standard deviation 14.1
Quantity of woody debris –
Timber harvesting and biomass
procurement
Plot IDMass (oven-dry
metric tonne/ha)
9 19.4
11 25.5
14 21.1
16 22.3
Mean 22.1
Standard deviation 2.6
Source: Gouge et al. in preparation
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Ecosystem-based forest management in Quebec: • Managed landscapes with high level of naturalness, but
with high variability in quality of wood supply• Abundance of unloved trees that do not meet standards
of conventional forest industries (sawntimber, pulp)
Unloved trees can serve as sustainable feedstock for bioenergy:• When they help to unlock stands with a proportion of sound trees for sawnwood
• Requires training of forest workers for improved tree sorting duringjoint procurement of wood for lumber and bioenergy, and improvedprocessing into products
• When their procurement serve as a silvicultural practice to improve establishment and growth of the new stand
• Requires training of forest managers for improved planning of silviculture
• When bioenergy is considered an integral part of forestry systems
Evelyne Thiffault
Evelyne Thiffault
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Diversity in managed forest landscapes...
requires diversity in the forest industrial network...including takers of unloved woods...
which require improved training of forest workforce...
David Paré
Evelyne Thiffault
Marine Dupérat
and...
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Forest bioenergy products need to be considered members of the forestry team
Liquid biofuelLumber
VeneerBioheat and Biopower Pulp
Oriented strand board
Biogas