Download - FP501- OPEN SOURCE OPERATING SYSTEM
CHAPTER 2: BASIC OF OPEN SOURCE OPERATING SYSTEM
Part 1
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1983, AT&T is splitted It can sell software
There is a great market for Operating System
Major hardware vendors need OS
AT&T is selling UNIX System v4 and licensing it
AIX for IBM, HP-UX for HP, …
BSD is a real danger for AT&T’s market
BSD is not supported
BSD should not be used in commercial
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AT&T sold UNIX as much as possible
Novel bought UNIX code and License
Novel sold the code and license after 2 years
Santa Cruz Operating System
Microsoft developed Xenix
Based on UNIX VIII
It was NOT successful
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Tanenbaum developed free OS
Its name is Minix
Minix is based on UNIX
Source code available, Modification is restricted
It cannot run on 32bit processors
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Develop a free OS for 32bit (Intel) processors
Title of a Finnish student’s MS thesis
The student is Linus Benedict Torvalds
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Birthday
25 August 1991
Linux 0.02
It was developed in MINIX
It run on 80386 (32bit microprocessor)
It had a terminal emulator & C compiler
Linus posted the code to Minix mailing list
He requested feedback
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1) Reliability
The majority of Linux variants and versions are notoriously reliable and can often run for months and years without needing to be rebooted.
Majoriti varian dan versi Linux yang terkenal boleh berfungsi/berjalan selama beberapa bulan dan tahun tanpa perlu reboot.
2) Scalability
Support Wide Range of Hardware
3) Security
Linux programs are designed to operate in a more secure manner as isolated processes.
Linux (and Mac OS X) prevent any real damage occurring on a system unless the user is logged in with the highest levels of permissions as root or administrator.
Program Linux direka bentuk untuk beroperasi dengan cara yang lebih selamat
Linux (dan Mac OS X) mengelakkan sebarang kerosakan sebenar yang berlaku pada sistem kecuali pengguna log masuk dengan tahap tertinggi kebenaran sebagai root atau pentadbir.
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Kernel???
Kernel is the main component of most computer operating systems; it is a bridge between applications and the actual data processing done at the hardware level.
A kernel connects the application software to the hardware of a computer
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Both Linux and Windows are monolithic
All core operating system services run in a shared address space in kernel-mode
Semua perkhidmatan sistem teras operasi yang dijalankan dalam ruang alamat dikongsi dalam mode kernel
All core operating system services are part of a single module
Semua perkhidmatan teras sistem operasi adalah sebahagian daripada modul tunggal
Windowing is handled differently:
Windows has a kernel-mode Windowing subsystem
Linux has a user-mode X-Windowing system
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Device Drivers
Process Management, Memory Management, I/O Management, etc.
X-Windows
Application
System Services
User ModeKernel Mode
Hardware Dependent Code
Linux
Device Drivers
Process Management, Memory Management, I/O Management, etc.
Win32Windowing
Application
System Services
User ModeKernel Mode
Hardware Dependent Code
Windows
1) Fedora Core
Official website:wwwwww.fedoraproject.org
2)Knoppix
Official website:www.knoppix.org
3) Debian GNU/Linux
Official website:www.debian.org
4) OpenSUSE
Official website:www.opensuse.org
5) Ubuntu
Official website:www.ubuntu.com
6) Slackware
Official website:www.slackware.com
7) Gentoo
Official website:http://www.gentoo.org