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From access to success
Multigrade Teaching: challenges and opportunitiesAngela W Little
CREATE/CRIQPEG conferenceUniversity of Cape Coast, April 2009
www.ioe.ac.uk/multigrade
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Maheswari’s multigradeschool
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What is multigrade teaching?
The teaching of pupils from different curriculum gradeswithin the same timetabled period. Multi-grade is alsoreferred to as:
– Multiple class
– Composite class
– Vertical group
– Mixed year class
– Family class
– Double class
– Combined class
– Unitary schools (one-teacher schools)
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Making the invisible visible
• India: In 2005-6 76% of all primary (grade 1-5) schoolshad 3 or fewer teachers
• England: In 2000 25% of primary classes were ‘mixedyear’
• Ghana?
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Teaching and curriculumstrategies
AVOIDANCE• Neglect• Deferred entry of one grade – combine with next year’s entry• Double-shift
QUASI MONOGRADE• One teacher, multiple spaces/chalkboards• Multi-year curriculum spans. Learners ‘enter’ the span at
different points
DIFFERENTIATION• Teacher driven: Differentiated inputs/tasks/outcomes• Materials driven
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Quasi-monogradeVietnam: one teacher, five grades
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Quasi-monograde Multi-year curriculumspan for Grades 5 and 6 (except Maths),Grade 2 Rhodes, Greece
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Teacher driven differentiation
•Multigrade class
(3 grades) in rural Ireland
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Materials driven differentiation:
(i) Escuela Nueva progammes
PedagogySelf-organised learning
Students learn from teacher,materials and each other
In-service trainingSeveral layers of workshop toinitiate, train, follow-up,demonstrate
Multigraded
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Materials driven differentiation(ii) Activity Based Learning, TamilNadu
•Graded learning
•‘Learning ladders’
•Common timetable
•Classes of 30-60
•Teacher trainingand support
Multigraded
Students learn from teacher,materials and each other
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Education for All and Multigrade Teaching:Challenges and Opportunities
Springer, 2006 (ed. A W Little )
www.ioe.ac.uk/multigrade