Download - Funeral Customs of the Ancient Egyptians
![Page 1: Funeral Customs of the Ancient Egyptians](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062411/56815580550346895dc34b12/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Funeral Customs of the Ancient Egyptians
![Page 2: Funeral Customs of the Ancient Egyptians](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062411/56815580550346895dc34b12/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Readings Question #1
HAFD page 5Which culture was the first to record a morality
of group life based on internal conscience rather than on external authority supported by force?
![Page 3: Funeral Customs of the Ancient Egyptians](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062411/56815580550346895dc34b12/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Readings Question #2
HAFD page 6
Who is Osiris?
![Page 4: Funeral Customs of the Ancient Egyptians](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062411/56815580550346895dc34b12/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Circle of Necessity
• soul makes a 3000 year long journey and returns to the body
• once reunited the whole person would live with the gods
• created the need for embalming
![Page 5: Funeral Customs of the Ancient Egyptians](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062411/56815580550346895dc34b12/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Readings Question #3
• What did the Egyptians believe was the focus of the universe?
![Page 6: Funeral Customs of the Ancient Egyptians](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062411/56815580550346895dc34b12/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Readings Question #4
• Describe the Egyptian concept of life after death.
• offerings to the dead• perpetual care• tombs, coffins, funeral treasures
![Page 7: Funeral Customs of the Ancient Egyptians](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062411/56815580550346895dc34b12/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Readings Question #5
HAFD page 8• What are dry burials? What was their
purpose?
• The history of embalming will be covered in the Embalming I course.
![Page 8: Funeral Customs of the Ancient Egyptians](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062411/56815580550346895dc34b12/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Coffins(HAFD page 9)
Sarcophagi: “massive coffins from a single mass of stone to protect from grave robbers”
• Sarco: flesh• Phagus: eaters
![Page 9: Funeral Customs of the Ancient Egyptians](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062411/56815580550346895dc34b12/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Arthropoid
![Page 10: Funeral Customs of the Ancient Egyptians](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062411/56815580550346895dc34b12/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Readings Question #6(HAFD page 13)
• Describe what was done when the head of an Egyptian household died. Include all elements from the actual time of death to interment.
![Page 11: Funeral Customs of the Ancient Egyptians](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062411/56815580550346895dc34b12/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Funeral Customs of the Ancient Greeks
![Page 12: Funeral Customs of the Ancient Egyptians](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062411/56815580550346895dc34b12/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Readings Question #7(HAFD page 18)
• What is the “Cult of Dionysius” and “Elysian fields”?
Readings Question #8(HAFD page 19)
• How did the Athenians treat the dead on the battlefield?
![Page 13: Funeral Customs of the Ancient Egyptians](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062411/56815580550346895dc34b12/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Readings Question #9(HAFD page 19)
• Describe how the Greeks prepare their dead for interment.
![Page 14: Funeral Customs of the Ancient Egyptians](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062411/56815580550346895dc34b12/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Greek Funeral Procession
HAFD page 20• Consisted of:– deceased placed on a bier– female mourners– fraternity members– hired dirge singers
![Page 15: Funeral Customs of the Ancient Egyptians](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062411/56815580550346895dc34b12/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Cremation
HAFD page 20• began 1000 BC• at no time was earth burial completely
abandoned• power of the flame to set the soul free• “ashes” contained personal or spirit
characteristics
![Page 16: Funeral Customs of the Ancient Egyptians](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062411/56815580550346895dc34b12/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Coffins and Tombs
HAFD page 20• Baked clay, cypress wood, stone• Classification of tombs:– stelae (shafts)– kiones (columns)– trapazae (square-cut)– naida (temple-like)
![Page 17: Funeral Customs of the Ancient Egyptians](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062411/56815580550346895dc34b12/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Funeral Feast
HAFD page 21• one of the final steps
• broke the fast
• sacrifices: kept a connection between the living and the dead
![Page 18: Funeral Customs of the Ancient Egyptians](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062411/56815580550346895dc34b12/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Funeral Customs of the Ancient Romans
![Page 19: Funeral Customs of the Ancient Egyptians](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062411/56815580550346895dc34b12/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Early Death Beliefs
HAFD page 24• animistic view
• mystery cults
• Epicurians
• Christianity
![Page 20: Funeral Customs of the Ancient Egyptians](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062411/56815580550346895dc34b12/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Burial Customs(HAFD page 25)
• cremation and burial
• sanitation issues
• columbaria
• burial societies
![Page 21: Funeral Customs of the Ancient Egyptians](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062411/56815580550346895dc34b12/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Readings Question #10(HAFD page 25)
• In Roman times, if a person died in the presence of family, how was the body prepared?
Readings Question #11(HAFD page 26
• Who were the “pollinctores”, “libitinarius”, “designator” and “praecor”?
![Page 22: Funeral Customs of the Ancient Egyptians](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062411/56815580550346895dc34b12/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Roman Funeralis
HAFD page 27• Readings question #12:
• In the Roman funeral procession, where was the body taken? What type of rituals were performed there?
![Page 23: Funeral Customs of the Ancient Egyptians](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062411/56815580550346895dc34b12/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Constantine the Great(314 AD – 379 AD)
HAFD page 27• first Christian emperor• management of funerary
behavior became morewithin the jurisdiction of thechurch
![Page 24: Funeral Customs of the Ancient Egyptians](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062411/56815580550346895dc34b12/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Edict of Toleration
• Galerius 311 AD• Christians at this time were refusing to
worship the gods• allowed them to practice their faith without
fear of persecution, as along as their actions did not go against the common good
![Page 25: Funeral Customs of the Ancient Egyptians](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062411/56815580550346895dc34b12/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Influence of Roman Burial Practices
HAFD page 29• occupational models
• Roman undertaker
• precursor to modern day funeral service law