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Introduction
Definition and ObjectivesUPFC Model Control Schme
Damping controller
POD controller
Fuzzy logic controllerFuzzification
Interface
Defuzzification
Simulation and Results
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N owadays, FACTS devices can be used to control the
power flow and enhance system stability. The problems which
are arised due to interconnections are avoided by using FACTS
devices . The need of FACTS devices are to increase the power
transmission capability .
Modern electrical power systems have grown to a large
complexity due to increasing interconnections, installation of large generating units and extra-high voltage tie-lines etc.
power transmitting in the line is given by
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A lternating current transmission
systems incorporating power electronic based and other static controllers to enhance controllability and increase power transfer capability
D epending up on the connections,FACTS devices are classified as
1. Series connected controllers
2. Shunt connected controllers 3. Series -Series connected controllers
4. Series – Shunt connected controllers
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• Solve Power Transfer Limit and Stabilityproblems
Power
Transfer
Limit
Thermal
Limit
Voltage
Limit
Stability
Limit
Transiet
Stability
Voltage
Stability
Small
signal
Stability F
A C T S A p p l i c a t i o n ,
C P T I
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FACTS
Shunt Series
Series-Shunt Series-Series
UPFC IPFC F
A C T S A p p l i c a t i o n ,
C P T I
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•
•
•
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The UPFC has several operating modes.
1)VAR control mode:
2) Automatic voltage control mode:
By control of series voltage, UPFC
can be operated in 4 different ways
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CONTROL SCHEME Traditional FACTS Damping Control Scheme
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P OWER O SCILLATION
D AMPING ) CONTROLLER
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FUZZY LOGIC CONTROLLER
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•
•
•
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• The value “0” represents complete non -
membership and “1” represents complete
membership and values in between represent intermediate degree of membership
• Out of all membership functions triangular
membership function is most popular
FUZZIFIER FUZZY INFERENCE
RULE BASE
DE-FUZZIFIER
Crisp Input
Crisp Output
Fuzzy Input SignalFuzzy Output Signal
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FUZZIFIER - Converts crisp input into fuzzy input.
RULE BASE –
A
collection of rules referring toparticular system is known as fuzzy rule base.
FUZZY INFERENCE – It refers to computationalprocedures used for evaluating linguistic descriptions
and fuzzy rule basic is applied and fuzzy output isproduced.
DE-FUZZIFICATION – Conversion of fuzzy set tosingle crisp value. Centroid method is employed for
de-fuzzification
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The membership function of the small set is:
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Defuzzification
T he output of the fuzzy coordination controller is
where i u corresponds to the value of control output for which the
membership values in the output sets are equal to unity.
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Case 1: Three-phase fault at Bus 2
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Case 2: Changing of operation conditions
(Three-phase fault at Bus 3)
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Case 3: Changing of network parameters
(Three-phase fault at Bus 9)
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