GCSE History Revision
A guide for parents
Paper 1 – mock/preliminary exams
• USA
How do interpretations differ?
Why do interpretations differ?
Which is most convincing?
Describe…
In what ways…explain your answer
Essay (bullet point)
• CONFLICT AND TENSION, 1919-39
How do you know?
Which source is most useful?
Write an account…
Essay (how far do you agree?)
Paper 2
• MEDICINE
How useful is?
Explain the significance of…
Compare…in what ways are they similar?
Essay (has XXX been the main factor?)
• ELIZABETHAN ENGLAND
How far do you agree with…interpretation?
Explain…
Write an account…
Essay (linked to specific site)
1hr 45mins
The 1st 3 topics…answer ALL 3!
Topics you MUST answer
35mins per section = 1.5mins/mark4marks = 6mins6marks= 9mins10marks = 15minsThis gives 5mins to read and plan!!!
Revision Techniques
• Good revision does not mean just reading work over and over again!
• Try to encourage your child to do something with the information
Mnemonics-MAIN causes of the FWW
M Militarism
A Alliances
I Imperialism
N Nationalism
The league of nations failed because it…
Weak The League did not have any real power. Apart from shame, sanctions didn’t work and it did not have it’s own army.
America The strongest nation after the First World War never joined.
Structure The League’s organisation was disorganised so it took a long time to do anything. Members couldn’t agree but decisions had to be unanimous.
Depression World-wide depression causes countries to look for more land and power. Countries were more worried about themselves and not world peace.
Unsuccessful The more the League failed the more people mistrusted it. In the end countries just ignored it.
Members The League’s main members let it down.
Big bullies The League showed it could deal with smaller countries in the 1920s. However when powerful countries like Germany, Italy and Japan defied the League the League was too weak to stop them
TASK: Find an example to support each of these reasons.
Quizzes-you can find these in the revision Guide or online
SCRIBE NAME: SCRIBE NAME:
Who was King of Germany in 1900? When was the Triple Alliance signed?
Which countries made up the Triple Alliance?
What does “splendid isolationism mean”?
What two things happened that made Britain think about ending it’s policy of “splendid isolationism”?
When was the Entente Cordiale signed?
Which countries signed the Entente Cordiale?
What does Entente Cordiale mean?
What was the German foreign policy called? (In German or English)
When was the Triple Entente signed?
Assassination
• Where is Sarajevo?
• Who was visiting Sarajevo in June 1914?
• Why was he visiting Sarajevo?
• What was the name of the terrorist group planning to assassinate him?
• When was this group formed?
• How many members did this group have by 1914?
• What were the aims of this group?
• Which country was the group connected to?
• What was the name of the assassin?
Assassination
• Where is Sarajevo?Bosnia• Who was visiting Sarajevo in June 1914?Archduke Franz
Ferdinand• Why was he visiting Sarajevo?To encourage positive
relations between A-H and the local people• What was the name of the terrorist group planning to
assassinate him? Black Hand Gang• When was this group formed?1911• How many members did this group have by 1914?2,500• What were the aims of this group? unite all Serbs in to a
greater Serbia• Which country was the group connected to?Serbia• What was the name of the assassin? Gavrillo Princip
Making Connections on diagrams
DEFENSIVE ALLIANCES
Thought showers or Spider diagrams
Questions on the League
Why did it fail?
Economic depression
Organisation
Aims
Powers
USSR/USA
Britain/France
Germany/Italy/Japan
Abyssinia/Manchuria
Treaty of Versailles_______
TofV
Land
Guilt and CompensationMilitary
Treaty of Versailles 28th June 1919
TofV
Land
Guilt and CompensationMilitary
Colonies = mandates
Alsace-Lorraine=France
Danzig=Free City
North Schleswig=Denmark
West Prussia and Posen = Poland
Saarland = LoN for 15 yearsAnschluss forbidden
Army limited to 100,000
No conscription
6 battleships
No subs or aircraft
Rhineland demilitarised
Article 231=War guilt clause
£6.6billion set in 1921
Pay until 1984!Young Plan 1929
German Foreign Policy 1933-35
Rearmament 10yr Non-Aggression Pact
Failed Anschluss Anglo-German Naval Agreement
German Foreign Policy 1933-35
German Foreign Policy 1933-35
• 1932 – Disarmament Conference• France= never disarm• 1933 – Hitler withdrew from Conference• 1935 –Gr introduced conscription• 1935 – Br, Fr & It = Stresa Front against Germany• TofV= unfair• FR = not act alone
• 1934 - Germany and Poland signed a 10yr non-aggression pact
• Hitler promised not to take Polish corridor
• Pleased Britain
• 1934 – Austrian Nazi Party encouraged to rebel
• Austrian Chancellor Dollfuss killed• Mussolini moved army to Austria to
prevent Hitler from achieving Anschluss• Hitler not strong enough so backed down
• 1935 – Britain pleased with Hitler • Germany navy limited to 35% of
British navy• Britain agreed to German
rearmament• Br acted without Fr or It• 1938 = 800,000 men; 47 u-boats;
2,000 aircraft
Nazi Soviet Pact
When?
Why?
What?
Who?
Nazi Soviet Pact
When?
August, 1939
Why?
Stalin prepare USSR for future attack
Stalin unhappy with Br&Frleaving him out of Munich
Stalin= Br and Fr using Germany against USSR
Hitler avoided a war on 2 fronts
Br&Fr lost a possible ally
What?
Not to fight against each other in the
event of war
Secret agreement to divide Poland
Who?
Ribbentrop = Germany &
Molotov= Russia
Colour coding-Cause, Event and result Bosnian Crisis, 1908-09
• Ottoman Empire (Turkish Empire) was breaking up• Serbia wanted to unite all SLAVS – Yugoslavia• Russia and Serbia = allies• Russia called for an international conference to discuss Bosnia• A-H refused to attend • Germany supported A-H because of their support during Morocco• Russia had to back down as it was not ready to fight Germany• Serbia wanted revenge against A-H• Russia was humiliated and now unlikely to back down• A-H had the support of Germany – even if it meant war this was
important in 1914• Russia became closer to Br and Fr
CAUSES EVENTS EFFECTS ON THE LEAGUE
Manchurian Crisis
Wall Street Crash in 1929 meant that Japan lost trade with the USA.
Manchuria was rich in natural resources
Chinese soldiers were accused of blowing up part of the Japanese railway
China appealed to the League for help.
Lytton Commission was set up to investigate
Japan invaded the next province Jehol
The League condemned the actions of Japan and told Japan to leave the area.
Britain and France were not willing to support the League by providing an army
The League had failed to deal effectively with Japan
The League encouraged aggressive actions from Germany and Italy
Abyssinian Crisis
Abyssinia was the only independent Africa country in that area
Mussolini wanted to increase Italy’s power
Italy wanted revenge for defeat in 1896
Well at WalWal were attacked. Italy invaded.
Haile Selassie appealed to the League for help
Britain and France tried to get Italy to agree to the Hoare-Laval Pact – this would give Italy 2/3 of Abyssinia
The League imposed sanctions on glass, rubber and weapons
League members were not willing to stop aggressive countries
Britain and France were undermining the League
The League was no longer taken seriously
Steps to War –sequencing and putting in order
28th June Russia offers support to Serbia
6th July Germany declares war on France; German troops enter Belgium
23rd July A-H sends ultimatum to Serbia
24th July France declares war on Germany
28th July A-H declares war on Serbia
30th July Germany promises to support A-H= “blank cheque”
1st August A-H declares war on Russia
3rd August Russia mobilises it’s armed forces
4th August Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
5th August Germany declares war on Belgium; Britain declares war on Germany
6th August Germany declares war on Russia
Timeline1933
Jan 1934 Hitler signs 10yr non-aggression pact with Poland
July 1934 Mussolini prevents Anschluss with Austria
Saar returned to Germany
April 1935
June 1935 Anglo-German Naval Agreement
October 1935 Mussolini invades Abyssinia
Rhineland remilitarised
October 1936 Rome-Berlin Axis
1936-39 Spanish Civil War
May 1937 Chamberlain becomes Prime Minister – APPEASEMENT
March 1938
Munich Conference
Collapse of Czechoslovakia
August 1939
September 1939 Attack on Poland and the outbreak of WWII
Timeline1933 Germany leaves the League of Nations
Jan 1934 Hitler signs 10yr non-aggression pact with Poland
July 1934 Mussolini prevents Anschluss with Austria
Jan 1935 Saar returned to Germany
April 1935 Stresa Front formed
June 1935 Anglo-German Naval Agreement
October 1935 Mussolini invades Abyssinia
March 1936 Rhineland remilitarised
October 1936 Rome-Berlin Axis
1936-39 Spanish Civil War
May 1937 Chamberlain becomes Prime Minister – APPEASEMENT
March 1938 Anschluss with Austria
September 1938 Munich Conference
March 1939 Collapse of Czechoslovakia
August 1939 Nazi-Soviet Pact
September 1939 Attack on Poland and the outbreak of WWII
ANSCHLUSS = UNION WITH AUSTRIA
Unite all German speakers
Rumours of Nazi plot to
overthrow Austrian
Gov
Schuschnigg =
appeal to Hitler for
help
Seyss-Inquart =
Min of Interior = in charge
of the police
Riots by Austrian Nazis =
not stopped by police
Schuschnigg =
PLEBISCITE to decide
whether to join with Germany
Hitler = troops to border,
called for Schuschni
gg to resign
Br&Frdid
nothing
Seyss-Inquart
= Chancellor
Germans invited to
restore order
Munich Agreement
Met at Bertesgaden, near
Munich
Hitler demands
the Sudetenl
and
Areas with 50%+
Germans to
Germany
Czechs&France agree
Meeting at
Godesberg
Hitler makes new
demands - land to Poland
and Hungary
Britain rejects
demands – war
preparations begin
Munich = Gr, Br,
Fr, It
Sudetenland to Hitler
Recap…
Put the following events in chronological order
Use this grid to help you!!!On the one hand On the other hand
Desc
ribe
Land that Germany lost• Danzig• Saar• Colonies
Reparations enormous• 6.6 billion
Expl
ain
Why Germany hated this• 12.5% of pop• 10% of land• Industrial areas• Pride• strength
Why Germany hated this• Economic collapse- WWI• War guilt unfair• Not agreed until 1921• Punishing the wrong
government
Ass
ess
(C
oncl
usio
n) Impact on the economyHarder to recoverCan’t make reparations payments led to 1923 Ruhr and hyper inflation
Humiliation- troops in RuhrHow do they link? Which is most important?
Use this grid to help you!!!On the one hand On the other hand
Desc
ribe
Land that Germany lost• Danzig• Saar• Colonies
Reparations enormous• 6.6 billion
Expl
ain
Why Germany hated this• 12.5% of pop• 10% of land• Industrial areas• Pride• strength
Why Germany hated this• Economic collapse- WWI• War guilt unfair• Not agreed until 1921• Punishing the wrong
government
Ass
ess
(C
oncl
usio
n) Impact on the economyHarder to recoverCan’t make reparations payments led to 1923 Ruhr and hyper inflation
Humiliation- troops in RuhrHow do they link? Which is most important?
L1-1
L2-3/5
L3-6/8
L4-9/10