Download - GEI climate change
![Page 1: GEI climate change](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062501/56816522550346895dd7a20b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
GEI climate change
What happens to the CO2? Sources and sinks
![Page 2: GEI climate change](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062501/56816522550346895dd7a20b/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
CO2 Emissions Components
Le Quéré et al. 2009, Nature Geoscience
CO2 e
miss
ions
(PgC
y-1)
Oil
Coal
Gas
Cement
4
3
2
1
01990 2000 2010
40%
36%
![Page 3: GEI climate change](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062501/56816522550346895dd7a20b/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Future scenarios?
![Page 4: GEI climate change](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062501/56816522550346895dd7a20b/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Fossil Fuel Emissions: Actual vs. IPCC Scenarios
Raupach et al. 2007, PNAS, updated; Le Quéré et al. 2009, Nature Geoscience; International Monetary Fund 2009
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015
Foss
il Fu
el E
mis
sion
(GtC
y-1)
5
6
7
8
9
10
A1B
A1FI
A1T
A2
B1
B2
Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis CenterInternational Energy Agency
Averages
Full range of IPCC individual scenarios
![Page 5: GEI climate change](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062501/56816522550346895dd7a20b/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Sources and Sinks
![Page 6: GEI climate change](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062501/56816522550346895dd7a20b/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Total Anthropogenic Emissions 2008
Fossil fuel
Land use change
10
8
6
4
2
1960 20101970 1990 20001980
CO2 e
miss
ions
(PgC
y-1) 8.7
1.2
9.9 PgC
12% of total anthropogenic
emissions
Le Quéré et al. 2009, Nature Geoscience; Data: CDIAC, FAO, Woods Hole Research Center 2009
![Page 7: GEI climate change](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062501/56816522550346895dd7a20b/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Fate of Anthropogenic CO2 Emissions (2000-2008)
Le Quéré et al. 2009, Nature Geoscience; Canadell et al. 2007, PNAS, updated
1.4 PgC y-1
+7.7 PgC y-1
3.0 PgC y-1
29%
4.1 PgC y-1
45%
26%2.3 PgC y-1
![Page 8: GEI climate change](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062501/56816522550346895dd7a20b/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Net CO2 Emissions from Land-Use Change (LUC) in Tropical Countries
2000-2005
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
Brazil
Indonesia
CO2 e
miss
ions
(TgC
y-1)
RA Houghton 2009, unpublished; Based on FAO Global Forest Resource Assessment
60%
Venezuela
Rep.Dem.Congo
Nigeria
4-2%
Cameroon
Peru
Philippines
2-1%
Colombia
Nicaragua
Nepal
India
<1%
![Page 9: GEI climate change](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062501/56816522550346895dd7a20b/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Global Carbon Project 2009
![Page 10: GEI climate change](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062501/56816522550346895dd7a20b/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Airb
orne
Fra
ctio
n
1960 20101970 1990 20001980
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
Fraction of total CO2 emissions that remains in the atmosphere
Airborne Fraction
Trend: 0.27±0.2 % y-1 (p=0.9)
40%45%
Le Quéré et al. 2009, Nature Geoscience; Canadell et al. 2007, PNAS; Raupach et al. 2008, Biogeosciences
![Page 11: GEI climate change](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062501/56816522550346895dd7a20b/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Modelled Natural CO2 Sinks
Le Quéré et al. 2009, Nature Geoscience
![Page 12: GEI climate change](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062501/56816522550346895dd7a20b/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Social Aspects of Greenhouse Gas Production
![Page 13: GEI climate change](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062501/56816522550346895dd7a20b/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Per Capita CO2 Emissions
Le Quéré et al. 2009, Nature Geoscience; CDIAC 2009
Per C
apita
Em
issio
ns
(tC p
erso
n-1 y
-1)
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
1.3
1.2
1.1
Developed countries continue to lead with the highest emission per capita
![Page 14: GEI climate change](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062501/56816522550346895dd7a20b/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
1990 05 01 05 200807 99 0303Time
0
400
800
1200
1600
2000Ca
rbon
Em
issio
ns p
er y
ear
(ton
s x
1,00
0,00
0)China
USA
Japan
Russian Fed. India
Fossil Fuel Emissions: Top Emitters (>4% of Total)
Global Carbon Project 2009; Data: Gregg Marland, CDIAC 2009
![Page 15: GEI climate change](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062501/56816522550346895dd7a20b/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
1990 05 01 05 200807 99 0303
Time
0
40
80
120
160 UK
Denmark
South Africa
Australia Spain
Canada
Brazil
Fossil Fuel Emissions: Profile Examples (1-4% of Total)
Carb
on E
miss
ions
per
yea
r (t
ons
x 1,
000,
000)
Global Carbon Project 2009; Data: Gregg Marland, CDIAC 2009
![Page 16: GEI climate change](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062501/56816522550346895dd7a20b/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Global Carbon Project 2009; Le Quéré et al. 2009, Nature Geoscience; Data: Peters & Hetwich 2009; Peters et al. 2008; Weber et al 2008; Guan et al. 2008; CDIAC 2009
Transport of Embodied Emissions
CO2 emissions (PgC y-1)
Annex B
Developed Nations
Developing Nations Non-Annex B
1990 2000 2010
5
4
3
2
55%
45%
1990 2000 2010
5
25% of growth
Annex B
Developed Nations
Developing Nations Non-Annex B
4
3
2
![Page 17: GEI climate change](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062501/56816522550346895dd7a20b/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Balance of Emissions Embodied in Trade (BEET)
Peters and Hertwich 2008, Environ, Sci & Tech., updated
MtCBEET
Warm colors Net exporters of embodied carbonCold colors Net importers of embodied carbon
Year 2004
![Page 18: GEI climate change](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062501/56816522550346895dd7a20b/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
• Canadell JG, Raupach MR, Houghton RA (2009) Anthropogenic CO2 emissions in Africa. Biogeosciences 6: 463-468.
• International Monetary Fund (2009) World economic outlook. October 2009.• http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2009/02/index.htm• Le Quéré C, Raupach MR, Canadell JG, Marland G et al. (2009) Trends in the sources and sinks
of carbon dioxide. Nature geosciences, doi: 10.1038/ngeo689.• Marland G, Hamal K, Jonas M (2009) How uncertain are estimates of CO2 emissions. Journal
of Industrial Ecology 13: 4-7.• Peters GP, Hertwich E G (2008) CO2 embodied in international trade with implications for global climate
policy. Environmental Science and Technology 42, 1401-1407.• Raupach MR, Canadell JG, Le Quéré C (2008) Drivers of interannual to interdecadal variability
in atmospheric in atmospheric CO2 growth rate and airborne fraction. Biogeosciences 5: 1601–1613.
• Sitch S, Huntigford C, Gedney N et al. (2008) Evaluation of the terrestrial carbon cycle, future plant geography and climate-carbon cycle feedbacks using five Dynamic Global Vegetation Models (DGVMs). Global Change Biology 14: 1–25, doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01626.x.
• van der Werf GR, Randerson JT, Giglio L, Collatz GL, Kasibhatla PS, Arellano AF, Jr (2006) Interannual variability in global biomass burning emissions from 1997 to 2004. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 6: 3423–3441.
References cited in this ppt