Download - General management of Toxicology
TOXICOLOGYPOISONING, GENERAL
MANAGEMENT, ROLE OF PHARMACIST
CONTENTSToxicology
Epidemiology
Types
Management Of Poisoning
Supportive Care
GIT Decontamination
Role of Pharmacist
Toxicology
• Latin “Toxicum” • Greek “Toxikom”• Poison: “Producing harmful effects on living organism”
Epidemiology
Under 5: 75%
Over 5: 15%
Adults: 10%
WHO: 3,
46,000 deaths
Types
• ACUTE
• CHRONIC
Fundamentals of Management• “What To Do, In What Order To Do”
• Initial resuscitation & stabilization
• Removal of toxin
• Prevention of further absorption
• Increase elimination
Management of Poisoning
• Supportive care:Airway protectionOxygenation/ventilationHemodynamic supportTreatment of seizuresCorrection of temperature abnormalitiesPrevention of secondary complications
GIT DecontaminationDilution of Poison:
vehicle
• Water
1-2 cups
• Children
2-3 cups
• Adults
Emesis
Syrup of Ipecac Apomorphine Soap Solution Mechanical
Stimulation
Adsorption
Activated
charcoal
100-120 g for
adults
15-30 g for
children
Drug charcoal complex
Gastric Lavage
• Washing out of stomach
• 50-100 ml for children
• 200-300 ml for adults
• Water, saline solution
• Whole Bowel Irrigation
• Forced Diuresis
• Hemodialysis
• Hemoperfusion
Role Of Pharmacist• Management of poisoning• Poison control center• Information concerning poisons• antidotes management• Provide prevention services • Educate community, other health care
professionals• Organized database management
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