Download - Geography 372 Introduction to Remote Sensing University of Maryland Compton Tucker & Meagan Weiner
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Geography 372Geography 372Introduction to Introduction to Remote SensingRemote Sensing
University of MarylandCompton Tucker & Meagan Weiner
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Geostationary and polar orbitsGeostationary and polar orbits
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Hurricane Web SitesHurricane Web Sites• http://www.nrlmry.navy.mil/tc_pages/tc_home.html
• http://seawifs.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEAWIFS.html• http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/NewImages/im
ages_index.php3• http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/• http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/• http://rsd.gsfc.nasa.gov/goes/
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Lecture 3 September 16, 2003Lecture 3 September 16, 2003Sun, Atmosphere, PlantsSun, Atmosphere, Plants
Important information from today’s material:Important information from today’s material:
1.1. Basic information about the sun;Basic information about the sun;
2.2. Gaseous absorption by atmospheric constituents;Gaseous absorption by atmospheric constituents;
3.3. Leaf reflectance, leaf structure, and photosynthesis;Leaf reflectance, leaf structure, and photosynthesis;
4.4. Hurricane monitoring with remote sensing;Hurricane monitoring with remote sensing;
5.5. Defense against biological terrorism.Defense against biological terrorism.
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Homework September 16, 2003Homework September 16, 2003
• (A). Construct neat spectral curves to represent astroturf, asphalt, concrete, Maryland red clay soil, and the Pizza Hut roof from 0.4 to 1.0 µm.
• (B). Construct neat spectral curve plots
to represent the following materials over the spectral interval of 0.4 to 3 µm: a typical soil, pine trees, broadleaf forest vegetation in summer, and broadleaf forest vegetation in early fall.
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Total Energy Flux: M = T4
= 5.67x10-8 w/m2*K4
Wavenumber = 1/
(# per unit distance)
Energy per photon:
Ep = h * frequency
Ep = h*c/Ep*J sec *3*108m sec-1
Ergo: X-rays and -rays are energetic!
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Astroturf and real Astroturf and real green vegetationgreen vegetation
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Pizza Hut on Rt. 1Pizza Hut on Rt. 1
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Pizza Pizza HutHut
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Geog 372 Lecture 3 Geog 372 Lecture 3 September 16, 2003September 16, 2003
our starour starour atmosphereour atmosphere
our vegetationour vegetation
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Atmospheres Atmospheres of Sun & of Sun &
EarthEarth
The most abundant elements The most abundant elements Sun's AtmosphereSun's Atmosphere Earth's AtmosphereEarth's Atmosphere
HydrogenHydrogen 90.7%90.7% Nitrogen 78.08 %Nitrogen 78.08 %HeliumHelium 9.1% 9.1% OxygenOxygen 20.95 % 20.95 %
CarbonCarbon 0.036 0.036 COCO22 0.0370% (370 ppm) 0.0370% (370 ppm)NitrogenNitrogen 0.009 0.009 NeonNeon 0.0018% 0.0018%OxygenOxygen 0.072 0.072 HeliumHelium 0.0005% 0.0005%NeonNeon 0.003 0.003 Methane 0.00015%(15 ppm)Methane 0.00015%(15 ppm)MagnesiumMagnesium 0.002 0.002 OzoneOzone 0.0001% (10 ppm) 0.0001% (10 ppm)
SulfurSulfur 0.001 0.001 KryptonKrypton 0.0001% 0.0001%IronIron 0.003 0.003 Hydrogen 0.00005Hydrogen 0.00005
SiliconSilicon 0.002 0.002 HH22O Vapor 0 - 3% (varies)O Vapor 0 - 3% (varies)
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Atmospheres of Atmospheres of Mars & VenusMars & Venus
The most abundant elements The most abundant elements Mars' AtmosphereMars' Atmosphere Venus' AtmosphereVenus' Atmosphere
CO2 96.0%N2 3.5%SO2 0.0150% (150 ppm)H2O 0.0100% (100 ppm)Ar 0.0070% ( 70 ppm)CO 0.0040% ( 40 ppm)Ne 0.0005% ( 5 ppm)
Pressure 90 barsTemperature 730 K +457C!
CO2 95.0%N2 2.7%Ar 1.6%02 0.13% (1,300 ppm)CO 0.07% ( 700 ppm)H2O 0.03% ( 300 ppm)
Pressure 0.007 bars Temperature 218 K -55C
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6000º
300 K
UV, Visible,Near IRSensors
Thermal IR, MicrowaveSensors
Active Sensors
reflectedemitted
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Spectral reflectance curvesSpectral reflectance curves
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Our StarOur Star
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~1370 watts/m2
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Solar flux falling on earthSolar flux falling on earth
T4*r2 * 4distancesun2
4distanceearth2
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92%
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Our atmosphere
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Space Shuttle Limb PhotographsSpace Shuttle Limb Photographs
Before Mt. Pinatubo EruptionBefore Mt. Pinatubo Eruption
After Mt. Pinatubo EruptionAfter Mt. Pinatubo Eruption
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Liquid Water
Water = Life
Where else could life begin?Where else could life begin?visible
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Incoming/Outgoing
max = 2898/5880 = 0.49 m
max = 9.7 m
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Solar Irradiance at Earth’s Surface
Exoatmospheric Solar Irradiance
atmospheric limb
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Expand information
Express it visually
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Research and Beaver Dam Roads
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True Color Photography or Imaging
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Soon in lab we’ll work on this Soon in lab we’ll work on this Ikonos image of BARCIkonos image of BARC
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True color
False color
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Research and Beaver Dam RoadsResearch and Beaver Dam Roads
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False Color or IR Photography or imaging
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Byrd Stadium and areaByrd Stadium and area