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Gerund or InfinitiveGerund or Infinitive
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GerundsGerunds are defined as the –inging form of a verb. They have several functions.
1. Used as subjects and complements
SkiingSkiing is my favorite sport.
SmokingSmoking can be very dangerous.
SeeingSeeing is believing.
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2. Used as objects following prepositions and prepositional expressions
Thanks forfor tending tending my children.
The job consists of typingof typing, filing, and answering the phone.
3. Used as objects following certain verbs.
The children enjoyedenjoyed watching the parade.
Ms. Terrell avoided paying her taxes until it was too late.
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Roland is afraid of of making mistakes.
Sandy is consideringconsidering leaving New York.
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These verbs are commonly followed by gerunds.:
admit advise appreciate avoid
can’t help consider deny discuss
dislike enjoy finish forget
go keep like love
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mind miss postpone prefer
quit recommend regret remember
resist risk start stop
suggest threaten try understand
These verbs are commonly followed by gerunds.:
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In the nineteenth century, people used to _____ (ride) horses.
rideride
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I am really looking forward to _____ (play) in the tournament.
playingplaying
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Billy isn't used to _____ (eat) spicy food.
eatingeating
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Kathy is interested in _____ (learn) about her family tree.
learninglearning
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Mrs. Latham doesn't object
to _____ (work) overtime.
workingworking
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Always double check your equipment before _____ (go) on a camping trip.
goinggoing
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"You can't stop me from _____ (go) with you," he said.
goinggoing
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This product is very good for _____ (get) rid of ants.
gettinggetting
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Why did you leave without _____ (tell) me?
tellingtelling
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I can't afford _____ (take) a vacation this year.
to taketo take
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He won first contest by _____ (practice) several hours a day.
practicingpracticing
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Mr. and Mrs. Houghton decided to remodel their kitchen instead of _____ (go) to Hawaii this year.
goinggoing
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Have you ever considered ____ (become) a simultaneous
interpreter?
becomingbecoming
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How did you manage _____ (finish) so fast?
to finishto finish
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The executive denied _____ (write) the memo.
writingwriting
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Some people just can't help _____ (be) rude.
beingbeing
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I really enjoy _____ (go) out for dinner.
goinggoing
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He refused _____ (provide) the commission with the documents.
to provideto provide
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I didn't intend _____ (upset) you; I was just trying to help.
to upsetto upset
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I offered _____ (help) with the party.
to helpto help
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The young man admitted _____ (hack) into the school's computer.
hackinghacking
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You should avoid _____ (eat) immediately after exercising.
eatingeating
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I didn't intend _____ (upset) you; I was just trying to help.
to upsetto upset
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She said she was worried about living alone, so I suggested _____ (get) a dog.
gettinggetting
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I miss _____ (hang) out with all my old friends.
hanginghanging
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She hopes ______ (pursue) a career in advertising after
graduation.
to pursueto pursue
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I just finished _____(work) on my thesis, and I'm dog-tired.
working
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Competition is fierce, and we can't afford ______ (make) a
mistake.
to maketo make
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He kept _____ (talk) about how great he was, but nobody paid any attention.
talkingtalking
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Do you mind _____ (watch) the kids while I go to the store?
watchingwatching
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To prevent _____ (lose) data, be sure to back up your work.
losinglosing
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When questioned by police, the thief admitted to _____ (steal) the diamonds.
stealingstealing
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My French teacher advised against _______ (translate) the reading.
translatingtranslating
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I feel like ________ (get) something to eat. Do you want to come?
gettinggetting
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What do you plan on _____ (do) after you graduate?
doingdoing
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I apologize for not _____ (tell) you sooner.
tellingtelling
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When I was a kid, I used to dream about _____ (take) trips to exotic places.
takingtaking
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Prof. Boudreau doesn't object to our _____ (use) a dictionary in his French literature class.
usingusing
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I insisted on _____ (speak) to the manager about the defective item.
speakingspeaking
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Did you succeed in _____ (fix) your car?
fixingfixing
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In addition to ________ (strengthen) your heart, toning muscle, and helping maintain your ideal weight, exercise may strengthen your immunity against some colds and viral infections.
strengtheningstrengthening
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I object to _____ (be) forced by politicians to change the way I live.
beingbeing
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I look forward _____ (meet) your friend.
to meetingto meeting
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She is responsible ______ (implement) new policy.
for implementingfor implementing
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Why do I insist ______ (have) my own business?
on havingon having
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She has taken part ______ (create) this system.
in creatingin creating
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I hope that you appreciate ______ (I / offer) you this opportunity.
my offeringmy offering
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I have difficulty ______ (trust) my partner.
in trustingin trusting
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She was arrested in customs last night and has been charged _______ (smuggle).
with smugglingwith smuggling
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They had to ________ (account) all the money that had gone missing.
account foraccount for
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Jane is good ______ (play) the piano.
at playingat playing
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Men and women around the world get accustomed ______ (be) overweight.
to beingto being
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I don't approve _______ (smoke) in restaurants because it is so upsetting usually for non-smokers.
of smokingof smoking
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The publicity campaign was aimed _________ (improve) the eating habits of children.
at improvingat improving
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It was a campaign that focused __________ (invest) in better hospitals, schools and roads.
on investingon investing
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They admitted ______ (commit) the crime.
to committingto committing
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They admitted ______ (commit) the crime.
to committingto committing
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They prevented us _______ (win).
from winningfrom winning
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They prevented us _______ (win).
from winningfrom winning
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Ireland doesn't allow _______ (smoke) in bars.
smokingsmoking
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Ireland doesn't allow people _______ (smoke) in bars.
to smoketo smoke
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California doesn't permit ______ (fish) without a fishing license.
fishingfishing
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California doesn't permit people ______ (fish) without a fishing license.
to fishto fish
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The certificate requires _______ (complete) two courses.
completingcompleting
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The certificate requires students _________ (complete) two courses.
to completeto complete
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She is addicted ______ (watch) TV.
to watchingto watching
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I am bored _____ (do) the same old job.
of doingof doing
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She is committed ________ (improve) her English.
to improvingto improving
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The organization is dedicated _______ (end) poverty.
to endingto ending
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The money will be devoted ________ (protect) the environment.
to protectingto protecting
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He was discouraged _____ (not / get) the job.
by not gettingby not getting
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She is frightened ______ (be) alone at night.
of beingof being
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The banker was guilty ________ (steal) money.
of stealingof stealing
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She was known _______ (cause) problems.
for causingfor causing
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They are opposed ________ (build) a new road in the park.
to buildingto building
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The surfer is terrified ______ (be) attacked by a shark.
of beingof being
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The delay _______ (process) the visa caused problems.
in processingin processing
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His devotion ______ (bike) allowed him to win the competition.
to bikingto biking
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His habit _________ (smoke) in restaurants caused many problems in California.
of smokingof smoking
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Their memories ______ (travel) in Africa will stay with them forever.
of travelingof traveling
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I think his preference ________ (speak) his native language is natural.
for speakingfor speaking
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The main reason ______ (take) the course is to improve your language skills.
for takingfor taking
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The criminal's regret _______ (commit) the crime did not convince the judge.
for committingfor committing
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The magazine's report _______ choose the right car was not well researched.
on choosingon choosing
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Her reputation ______ (lie) is well known.
for lyingfor lying
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I don't know if I believe his story _______ (see) a UFO.
about seeingabout seeing