Download - Gigapixel imaging, ESA Australia, Dec 2012
![Page 1: Gigapixel imaging, ESA Australia, Dec 2012](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081400/5553ffe2b4c90577468b4d72/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Gigapixel resolution time-lapse imaging for phenological monitoring of every plant in a landscape.
http://bit.ly/CBR-1
Tim Brown, Postdoctoral Fellow, Borevitz Lab, Australia National Universitywww.borevitzlab.anu.edu.au
![Page 2: Gigapixel imaging, ESA Australia, Dec 2012](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081400/5553ffe2b4c90577468b4d72/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
To address the environmental and management challenges of the 21st century we need a substantially better understanding of how ecosystems work.
– Exponentially more data– Better models– Long time-series data sets
2
![Page 3: Gigapixel imaging, ESA Australia, Dec 2012](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081400/5553ffe2b4c90577468b4d72/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Ecology – Where’s my PCR?
Understanding high-order complexity is hard!1. The environment is complex and continuous but we typically only
measure limited data over limited snapshots in time
2. Difficult and expensive to track change on the ground at high spatial and temporal resolution
3. Long term data sets are rare, particularly of images– Satellite data is good but not high enough resolution for many applications
4. Hard to maintain field-based research over ecologically meaningful time periods with high enough sample size
To understand ecosystems we need to be tracking “everything” in the environment at high time-rates for long periods of time.
![Page 4: Gigapixel imaging, ESA Australia, Dec 2012](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081400/5553ffe2b4c90577468b4d72/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
• What if we could watch every plant in our field sites from our desk?– Map out population genetics, biotic/abiotic data on
the landscape– Slide back in time and watch any interaction for as
long as there have been sensors– Students start new research projects beginning with
all the data previously collected at a site
4
The technology is here – We need to dream big!
![Page 5: Gigapixel imaging, ESA Australia, Dec 2012](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081400/5553ffe2b4c90577468b4d72/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Collaboration between
Borevitz Lab (U. Chicago, USA) and TimeScience (my company)
The Challenge:• Build a solar powered, weatherproof gigapixel camera that can record daily
phenology from every plant in a field area.
Gigavision: gigapixel timelapse camera
![Page 6: Gigapixel imaging, ESA Australia, Dec 2012](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081400/5553ffe2b4c90577468b4d72/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
(Single 15MP image)
Area: ~7ha
Area: ~1m2
The Gigapan and Gigavision systems allow you to capture hundreds or thousands of zoomed-in images in a panorama.
Images are then “Stitched” into a seamless panorama.
The super-high resolution of the final panorama lets you monitor huge landscape areas in great detail.
Gigapixel Imaging – How it works
![Page 7: Gigapixel imaging, ESA Australia, Dec 2012](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081400/5553ffe2b4c90577468b4d72/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
• ~1.5 billion pixels / panorama
• Avg. resolution of ~1 pixel / cm over 7 hectares
– (~600 million times the resolution of MODIS)
• Open-source - Built with off-the-shelf components
• Cellular (3G) or 802.11g wireless access (160MP “thumbnails”)
• Automated capture up to 1 image / hr
• Solar powered (<15w power consumption)
• ~$30,000 -> could be more like $10-15,000
• “Light-phenotyping” of >500 plants for ~$60/plant
The Gigavision Camera – Specifications
For full specs, see Brown et al. 2012.(Google: “gigavision chapter”
![Page 8: Gigapixel imaging, ESA Australia, Dec 2012](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081400/5553ffe2b4c90577468b4d72/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: Gigapixel imaging, ESA Australia, Dec 2012](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081400/5553ffe2b4c90577468b4d72/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: Gigapixel imaging, ESA Australia, Dec 2012](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081400/5553ffe2b4c90577468b4d72/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Camera Field of View (FOV)
![Page 11: Gigapixel imaging, ESA Australia, Dec 2012](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081400/5553ffe2b4c90577468b4d72/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Dataset statistics• Oct 2009 – Oct 2011
– 2 Growing seasons (April – Oct)• 1-4 panoramas / day (~154 images/panorama)• >184,000 individual jpg images captured• Processed data = 70 million 200x200pixel images• 6TB of space• 417 usable noon panoramas
11
![Page 12: Gigapixel imaging, ESA Australia, Dec 2012](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081400/5553ffe2b4c90577468b4d72/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
12
Growing seasons
![Page 13: Gigapixel imaging, ESA Australia, Dec 2012](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081400/5553ffe2b4c90577468b4d72/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Image Visualization and Data Collection
http://www.gigavision.org
![Page 14: Gigapixel imaging, ESA Australia, Dec 2012](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081400/5553ffe2b4c90577468b4d72/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
14
http://bit.ly/GVDemoMovie2012
![Page 15: Gigapixel imaging, ESA Australia, Dec 2012](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081400/5553ffe2b4c90577468b4d72/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Species
• 513 individual plants identified• 8 prominent species (non grasses)• Species:
– Hoary Puccoon = 344– Unidentified (yet) = 52– Cottonwood = 47– Black Oak = 36– Sand Cherry = 18– Juniper = 9– Wormwood = 3– Pitcher’s Thistle (Endangered) = 2– Marsh Marigold = 2
15
![Page 16: Gigapixel imaging, ESA Australia, Dec 2012](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081400/5553ffe2b4c90577468b4d72/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Limiting factor is increasingly software• For example:
– Axis Q-6035e• $4,000 USD• Can run on-board software• ~2 gigapixel image in < 10 min at any focal length• Temp range: -40 to +50C• 50W
16
![Page 17: Gigapixel imaging, ESA Australia, Dec 2012](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081400/5553ffe2b4c90577468b4d72/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
GigaPan – Low Cost Gigapixel Imaging
GigaPan (non-timelapse)• $350-$1,000• Works with any camera• Great for documentation and low time-resolution monitoring (e.g. monthly, annual)
Example: • Alta Ski Area Bark Beetle Project
– Maura Olivos, Alta Environmental Center– Annual gigapixel survey images– Identify beetle infested trees for removal– Online panoramas: http://gigapan.com/galleries/5582/gigapans
• More examples of gigapans here: • http://gigapan.com/profiles/TimeScience
• GigaPan hardware: http://www.gigapan.com/
![Page 18: Gigapixel imaging, ESA Australia, Dec 2012](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081400/5553ffe2b4c90577468b4d72/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Alta Bark Beetle Project – Initial survey path for potential panorama locations
Data collected with EveryTrail smartphone app (http://www.everytrail.com/ )
Panoramas: http://gigapan.org/galleries/6787/gigapans
![Page 19: Gigapixel imaging, ESA Australia, Dec 2012](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081400/5553ffe2b4c90577468b4d72/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: Gigapixel imaging, ESA Australia, Dec 2012](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081400/5553ffe2b4c90577468b4d72/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
(1) Collins Weather
(2) Baldy Shoulder
(3) Road Shot
(4) GrizzlyBrowse all panoramas online here: http://gigapan.org/galleries/5582/gigapans
![Page 21: Gigapixel imaging, ESA Australia, Dec 2012](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081400/5553ffe2b4c90577468b4d72/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
21
![Page 22: Gigapixel imaging, ESA Australia, Dec 2012](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081400/5553ffe2b4c90577468b4d72/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
22
![Page 23: Gigapixel imaging, ESA Australia, Dec 2012](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081400/5553ffe2b4c90577468b4d72/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
23
![Page 24: Gigapixel imaging, ESA Australia, Dec 2012](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081400/5553ffe2b4c90577468b4d72/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Project summary statistics
Site Name Approximate Area (Acres)
Image Resolution (Gigapixels)
Average Pixel Resolution
(Pixels per square inch)
Collins Weather Station 697 4.07 0.93
Baldy Shoulder 770 8.84 1.83
Road Shot 211 3.26 2.46
Grizzly Gulch 188 3.65 3.1
TOTALS 830 acresTotal: 23.5 billion px
Avg: 4.7 billion pxAvg: ~3.2 px/cm2
(Area Estimates: http://www.earthpoint.us/Shapes.aspx)
![Page 25: Gigapixel imaging, ESA Australia, Dec 2012](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081400/5553ffe2b4c90577468b4d72/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Funding sources and many thanks to…TimeScience / www.time-science.com• Christopher Zimmermann (Data management, image processing, online interface)
University of Chicago• Justin Borevitz (U. Chicago, not at ANU)• Nina Noah, Whitney Panneton (University of Chicago)
GigaPan Systems – http://Gigapan.org
Download this talk here:http://bit.ly/ESA2012