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GIS Lecture 1
Introduction to GIS
Buildings. Poly
Streams, Line
Wells, Point
Roads, Line
Zoning, Poly
MAP SHEETS
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GIS Overview
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What is GIS?
GIS (Geographic Information System): computer information system that can input, store, manipulate, analyze, and display geographically referenced (spatial) data to support decision making processes.
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Tools for a GIS•Hardware- Computer- Printer / Plotter - Digitizer- Scanner
•GIS Desktop Software•CAD Software•Multimedia-Photos, Video, 3D Models
• World Wide Web•GIS Personnel
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GIS Data Raster Images - grids• “pixels”• satellite images• aerial photos
Vector - grids• features: points, lines & polygons• attributes: size, type, length, etc.
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GIS Data Sources
Digitized and Scanned Maps• purchased, donated, free (Internet)• created by user
Data Bases – Tables of data GPS (Global Positioning Systems) Field Sampling of Attributes Remote Sensing & Aerial
Photography
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Conventional Information Systems
• Answer the following questions:- Who ?- What ?- When ?- Why ?- How ?
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GIS answers the following
• Location: What is at...?
• Condition: Where is it?
• Trends: What has changed since...?
• Patterns: What spatial patterns exist?
• Modeling: What if…?
Exploring data using GIS turns data into information into knowledge
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Data Data Data• Location Data
How Many? – What Kind? – Where?
• Scale of Data Global to Local
• Data Presentation
Words, Charts, Graphs, Tables, Maps, Photos
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Databases• Not easy to interpret
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Visualizing Data
A picture is worth a thousand words
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“Layers” of GIS Information
Municipalities
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“Layers” of GIS Information
Census Tracts
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“Layers” of GIS Information
Lakes and Rivers
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“Layers” of GIS Information
Polluting Companies
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“Layers” of GIS Information
Schools
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Maps and Databases are Interactive
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GIS Connects Graphics to Data
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Queries and Restrictions
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GIS Turns Data Into Information
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GIS Examples
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GIS Applications• Business Site Location, Delivery
Systems, Marketing• Government Local, State, Federal, Military• Economic Development Population Studies, Incomes,
Census and Demographic Studies
• Emergency Services Fire & Police • Environmental Monitoring & Modeling• Industry Transportation, Communication,
Mining, Pipelines, Healthcare • Public Health Epidemiology Studies• Urban Planning Land Use, Historic studies,
Environmental and Conservation Studies, Housing Studies, Crime Analysis
• Politics Elections and Reappointment• Education Research, Teaching Tool,
Administration
Wherever Spatial Data Analysis is Needed
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GIS Examples Instructor should add examples specific to their industry here.
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GIS Tutorial
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Step by Step Instructions
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Step by Step Instructions