Download - Global child care
By : Luxin Li (Kacey)
Huishu Liang (Lynns)
Jing Yao (Maggie)
Qingle Sheng (Shane)
Dorice Ondati
GLOBAL CHILD
CARE: CHINA
Agenda
History Underlying philosophyAvailability and accessibilityProgram structureThe role and training of the Early
childhood Educator
History By Dorice Ontadi
China • 1902: first child care was built
by foreign Christians• 1903:the first Chinese public
kindergarten was built • 1922:Established of child care
system• 1920s-1940: Growth in public
and private child care• World War II: Developed full
day and part time day care • 1966:1976: child care system
was destroyed by wrong policy• 1977-1990: Recovery and
growth of childcare both in cities and villagers.
Ontario• 1883: The first public
school kindergarten.• 1920s:1930 Provided
single mother welfare benefits.World war II Government paid all fees for the childcare.
• 1946:The day nurseries act was built.
• 1950: Increased in cooperative nursery schools.
• 1960-1980:Canada assistance plan : subsidies for qualified families.
• 1990: subsidy plan “freezes”.
• 1996: changed funding formula to provincial transfer payment .
Presently China
• Universal childcare except poor areas
• Growth quickly in private child care higher qualities
• Higher cost of private childcare
• Government provides subsidies directly to some private child care to reduce families financial burden
Ontario• 2003: Liberal party
provided funding for universal child care
• 2006: Cancelled plan replaced by universal child benefit provided each child $1,200subsidy per year per year
• All practicing ECEs are required college diploma
Underlying philosophy by Luxin Li (Kacey)
Early Childhood Curriculum Reform
Since the 1980s
(1) Early Childhood Curriculum Reform in China
(2) Teachers’ Beliefs and Practices of Intended Curriculum Reform
Curriculum Reform• The traditional Early Childhood
Education in China is the teacher direct the whole-class session.
• China has adopted the Western progressive ideology.
Adopted Western Curriculum
•DAP (Developmentally Appropriate Practice)
•the Montessori Approach
•the Project Approach
•the Reggio Emilia Approach
•the High/Scope Curriculum
Three Main Ideas
(1) respecting children
(2) active learning
(3) play-based teaching and learning
Belief Reform
(1) enough resources and support
(2) high teacher–children ratio,
(3) sufficient professional training for teachers
Availability and accessibility
By Qingle
Shen (Shane)
Government funding is limited to urban area
Child care is available to people who can afford it
Majority child care centers in urban area
Public kindergartens: 5000 Yuan≈$833.No sponsorship fees.
Private kindergartens:8000 Yuan≈$1300.Have sponsorship fees.
The kindergartens are concentrated in a city.
There are few centers in rural areaPer year per child pays 2000 Yuan≈$833
That ratio is about 1: 20-40
No legislation enforces
child-adult ratio
• China Canada- Lack of subsidies - Government subsidy low- Per year per child pays 5000 or income families • 8000 Yuan≈$833 or $1300 - Child-adult ratios safety
standard- No legislation enforces - Spreading distribution• child-adult ratio - Evenly distribution- Concentrating distribution In rural area:- Unevenly distribution - More child care• In rural area: - Relatively distribution- Per year per child pays - One area at least have one • 2000 Yuan≈$333 child care- A few child care - Easily to find one- unevenly distribution- Some place do not • have child care• - Hard to get there
Compare
Program structure
By:
Jing Yao (Maggie)
Staff-Child RatioChildren enter elementary school at age 6.
Small group (age 3-4) : 3 :20-25
Middle group (age 4-5) : 3: 26-30
Senior group (age 5-6) : 3: 31-35
Three Type of Early Childhood Programs
• Nurseries• kindergarten • pre-primary programs.
Nurseries
Nurseries serve children under age 3. Small group size and many caregivers assure prompt, abundant care. Since physical care and nurturing are the primary goals, the caregivers are trained as "nurses" rather than teachers. Programs for 2-year-olds are often combined with kindergartens.
KindergartenIn China, the term "kindergarten" refers to full-day programs serving children from age 3 to age 6. About 20 percent of the 3-to-6 year-olds attend kindergarten .The programs serve the twofold purpose of child care and educational preparation.
A variety of sources provide kindergarten programs - the government, government-licensed private individuals and neighborhood committees, and work units. Work units are government-operated comprehensive communities in which workers and their families work and reside, such as those organized around a college or factory.
Children are generally grouped by age in kindergarten. Government regulations in 1981 recommended three groupings: juniors (3-year-olds) , middle (4-year-olds) and seniors (5-year-olds) Education replaces physical care as the primary emphasis in this program. Class size increases with age, ranging from 20 to 40 children. Each group typically has two teachers and a nurse.
Pre-primary Program
An alternative type of early childhood
program is the pre-primary classroom,
which is a part of the elementary
school. It is typically a half-day program
serving children the year prior to 1st
grade. Comparable to U.S. public
kindergartens, these classes usually
place greater emphasis upon academics
and use teaching methods similar to
those of the Chinese elementary
classrooms.
CurriculumThe nationally prescribed curriculum includes language, math, art, music, physical education and general knowledge, which is a combination of science and social studies.
Singing and dancing occupy an important
place in the curriculum. Even 2-year-olds
may participate in well-rehearsed public
performances of song and dance routines.
The Role and Training of the Early childhood Educator By Huishu Liang (Lynns)
The Training of the ECE Educator•Degree•Language Certificate•Teacher Certificate•Take Exam
The Role of the ECE Educator•Love children•Presentation Skills•Writing•Extra Skills •Good characteristic
Reference• Wong, J. (n.d.). Join Academia.edu & Share your research with the world. Early
childhood curriculum reform in China: Perspectives from examining teachers' beliefs and practices in Chinese literacy teaching. Retrieved November 7, 2013, from http://www.academia.edu/1460840/Early_childhood_curriculum_reform_in_China_Perspectives_from_examining_teachers_beliefs_and_practices_in_Chinese_literacy_teaching
• Hu, B. (n.d.). EXAMINING THE GENERAL QUALITY OF EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION AND STRUCTURAL VARIABLES IN SUPPORT OF EARLY CHILDHOOD INCLUSION IN BEIJING, CHINA. EXAMINING THE GENERAL QUALITY OF EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION AND STRUCTURAL VARIABLES IN SUPPORT OF EARLY CHILDHOOD INCLUSION IN BEIJING, CHINA. Retrieved November 7, 2013, from http://etd.fcla.edu/CF/CFE0002699/Hu_BiYing_200908_PhD.pdf
• Vaughan, Joan. "Early Childhood Education in China." PBS. PBS, n.d. Web. 8 Nov. 2013. http://www.pbs.org/kcts/preciouschildren/earlyed/read_vaughan.html
• "Early childhood educator." Early Childhood Educator. N.p., n.d. Web. 8 Nov. 2013. http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:PSQmevbJl5IJ:www.ccsc-cssge.ca/sites/default/files/uploads/Toolkit/1_8_Jobdescription_EarlyChildhoodEducator.doc+&cd=5&hl=zh-CN&ct=clnk&gl=ca&client=aff-cs-360se
• Http://careforchina.net/services/child-care.htm
Thank you for listening!