Download - Global Climate Monitoring
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Monitoring ofthe Global Surface Climate
Ayako Takeuchi Climate Prediction Division, JMA
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Outline
1. Introduction
2. Data Source
3. Monthly Products
4. Weekly Products
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INTRODUCTION
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Products of CPD/JMA
Impacts
Disasters
Climate Information
MonitoringPrediction
Surface Climate
Climate System
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Needs for Global Climate Information
Climate Change
Increase of climate extremes
Globalization of socio-economical activities
Foods security
International disaster relief
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Contents of CPD Global Climate Information
MONTHLY PROCUCTSFigures Temperature anomaly
Normalized temperature anomalyPrecipitation ratioPrecipitation quintileExtreme climate
Comments (Highlight, Extreme climate)Data Lists
WEEKLY PRODUCTSFigures Extreme climate and weather disaster
Reference data(Temperature and its anomalyPrecipitation and its ratio
Atmospheric circulation and convection)Comment Name of extreme climate and area
Damage from disaster
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DATA SOURCE
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Process of making Global Climate Information
Database of weather disasters
Collection and quality check of meteorological data
Identification of extreme climate eventsAnalysis of the relations with general
circulationWeather disaster information
Objective Analysis Data of Meteorological Satellites
CLIMAT messages (1500)
SYNOP messages (4000-5000)
Reportstemperature, precipitation, extreme climate events
Monthly
TCC Home Page
Weekly
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CLIMAT and SYNOP messages are exchanged via the GTS
CLIMAT and SYNOP Main Source of Products
CLIMAT messagesreporting monthly value
(Surface Pressure,Temperature,
Precipitation, etc.)
SYNOP messagesreporting present value
4 times a day
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MONTHLY PRODUCTS
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Quality Check of CLIMAT Temperature
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JMAs Definition of Extreme ClimateThe Criteria for Monthly Data
EXTREME CLIMATEThe phenomenon that would occur once in about 30 years
EXTREME MONTHLY CLIMATE
Temperature : the normalized anomaly 2the normalized anomaly-2
the normalized anomaly = anomaly / standard deviation
Precipitation : Quintile = 6 or 0Quintile 6 : the precipitation is greater than any value in 1971 - 2000
0 : the precipitation is less than any value in 1971 - 2000
Climatological normals are calculated from the statistics of 1971 - 2000 data.
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TCC Homepage (URL) for Meteorological Services
http://cpd2.kishou.go.jp/tcc/
Where can you get CPD Global Climate Information?
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Monthly Climate Information
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Products of monitoring of surface climate
Monthly Mean Temperature Anomaly
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Products of monitoring of surface climate
Monthly Mean Temperature Anomaly (normalized) Category
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Products of monitoring of surface climate
Monthly Precipitation Category
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Products of monitoring of surface climate
Monthly Precipitation Ratio Category
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Products of monitoring of surface climate
Monthly Precipitation Quintle
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Products of monitoring of surface climate
Distribution of Extreme Monthly Climate
Monthly Extreme Climate (October 2003)1. Heavy precipitation in central Siberia2. Heavy precipitation in northern China 3. Heavy precipitation in Southeast Asia 4. Heavy precipitation from southwestern Russia
to northwestern Africa 5. Low temperature in central Europe 6. High temperature in western Africa 7. High temperature in southeastern Africa 8. High temperature and heavy precipitation
from Greenland to northeastern Canada 9. High temperature from middle-western to
western USA 10. Heavy precipitation in Mexico 11. High temperature around the Caribbean Sea 12. High temperature in northern Argentina 13. Light precipitation in central Argentina 14. Low temperature in southeastern Australia
Products for monthly climate
Using CLIMAT message
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WEEKLY PRODUCTS
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Products for weekly climate
Using SYNOP messages
Quality Check for SYNOP data
Monthly precipitation estimated from SYNOP 0mm
CLIMAT precipitation 15mm
Example of quality check for SYNOP data
Daily precipitation estimated from SYNOP
We use this observatorys data carefully.
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EXTREME MONTHLY CLIMATE
Temperature : the normalized anomaly 2the normalized anomaly-2
the normalized anomaly = anomaly / standard deviation
Precipitation : Quintile = 6 or 0Quintile 6 : the precipitation is greater than any value in 1971 - 2000
0 : the precipitation is less than any value in 1971 - 2000
Weekly Extreme Climate
EXTREME CLIMATEThe phenomenon that would occur once in about 30 years
Temperature :the normalized anomaly 3 : WARMthe normalized anomaly-3 : COLD
the normalized anomaly = anomaly / 30-day standard deviationanomaly = weekly mean temperature - weekly normal
Precipitation :precipitation in a week exceeds the 30-day normal : WETprecipitation in the last 30-day
is less than the threshold of quintile 1 for the 30-day : DRY
Weekly normal, 30-day normal, 30-day standard deviation and 30-day quintile are calculatedby interpolating monthly values of the previous (or following) and the current month.Monthly normals are calculated from the statistics of 1971 - 2000 data.
The criteria are decided from research for Japanese observatories.
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Products of monitoring of surface climate
Distribution of Extreme Weekly Climate
1 October, 2003Japan Meteorological Agency
Weekly Report on Global Extreme Climate Events( 24 September, 2003 - 30 September, 2003 )
Extreme weather and climate events and/or weather disasters in this period are as follows ;
1. Wet : northern China
2. Warm : central China
3. Cold : northwestern China to eastern Kazakhstan
4. Wet : northern and central India
5. Wet : northern Algeria, Tunisia and northern Italy
6. Warm : northeastern USA and eastern Canada to southern Greenland
7. Hurricane : eastern CanadaHurricane Juan made landfall on eastern Canada on 29 September.In eastern Canada, fatalities caused by Hurricane were reported.
8. Warm : western USA
9. Dry : eastern Australia
10. Wet : southwestern Australia
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Weekly Climate Information
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Reference figure for weekly climate
850hPa wind vector, OLR and its anomaly(W/m2)
500hPa height and anomaly(m)
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Reference figure for weekly climate
Weekly temperature anomaly()
Weekly precipitation ratio(%)
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Weekly Climate Information
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Thank you!
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Reference Quintile
Am ount ofprecipitaion
U pper and Low erlim it of Q uintile
Q uintile
0.0-4.9 051838485661646986104105119124155163164175203224236236239249254257293335344349411
>=411.1 6
255.6-411.0
1
2
3
4
5
5.0-62.5
62.6-121.5
121.6-213.5
213.6-255.5
The 30 monthly values of precipitation, the statistical period of calculation for climatological normals, are listed in ascending order.
The list is then divided into five groups of quintiles of six values each.
The first quintile contains the lowest 6 values and the fifth quintile contains the highest 6 values.
Example
60.0mm => quintile 1
220.0mm => quintile 4
420.0mm => quintile 6
Monitoring ofthe Global Surface ClimateOutlineProducts of CPD/JMAContents of CPD Global Climate InformationCLIMAT and SYNOP Main Source of ProductsWhere can you get CPD Global Climate Information?Products of monitoring of surface climateQuality Check for SYNOP dataWeekly Climate Information