Global Social Protection Floor
Perspectives and Experiences of OECD-POVNET and FINLAND
Pre-Conference Workshop on the Global Social Protection Floor
Global Conference of ICSW, IFSW and IASSW
Hong Kong, 7 June, 2010
Timo VoipioVice-Chair, OECD-POVNET
Senior Adviser for Global Social Policy
Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland
THANKS to ICSW
1) Kuala Lumpur 2004
2) Brasilia 2006
3) Tours 2008
4) Hong Kong 2010
- CONGRATULATIONS ICSW ! North-South
Programme ! - CONGRATULATIONS TANZANIA
AND FINLAND !
Twinning, most fruitful !!
CONGRATULATIONS ICSW, IFSW and IASSW
Global Social Protection Floor
1) For >30 years the international aid community has been trying to reduce poverty by…
- economic growth + “trickle down”
- short-term (3yr) “poverty reduction projects”
2) Yet, in all societies that have succeeded: permanent national institutions for:
- DECENT WORK for employment intensive, pro-poor, redistributed and sustainable growth
- SOCIAL PROTECTION for the young, old, sick, disabled – or those in various kinds of “shocks”
POVNET Plenary Paris17 April, 2007Timo Voipio, MFA-Finland
SOCIALSOCIALECONOMICECONOMIC
Rio-1992 Sustainable development = balanced dev’t
ENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENT
Timo Voipio, [email protected] 5
SOCIALSOCIAL-security & protectionsecurity & protection-inclusion & dialogueinclusion & dialogue- rights & equality, rights & equality, - empowerment- empowerment
Employment,Employment,entre-entre-preneurship preneurship & growth& growth
ILO, UN-ECOSOC, EU: DECENT WORK FOR ALLDECENT WORK FOR ALL
Why Social Protection ?
1) Good for economic growth: poor and vulnerable people often make sub-optimal economic choices because they cannot tolerate the risks related to moving to new crops, businesses, areas …in financial crisis aggregate demand!
2) A human right (Art.22-28 UDHR) – and a basic pillar of social cohesion (social contract).
3) Fastest way to achieve MDGs
Promising evidence, e.g. from…
1) Conditional Cash Transfers (CCTs), e.g. Bolsa Familia in Brazil; ADB
2) Employment Guarantee Schemes, e.g. NREGA in India…
3) Social Health Insurance, e.g. in Rwanda
4) Child Grants/ family benefits, e.g. in South Africa
5) Social pensions, e.g. in Nepal, South Africa, Brazil.
6) Maternity protection M MMDG !!!
– Aid
Experts’ Meeting Experts’ Meeting UN CSocD UN CSocD Book + Policy Statement Book + Policy Statement
Finland: Aid PovRed GlobSocPol
Comprehensive Social Policies forComprehensive Social Policies forDevelopment in a Globalizing WorldDevelopment in a Globalizing World
21.04.23
8Link: http://info.stakes.fi/ssd/EN/comprehensive/index.htm
Social Protection Floor
• One key element in comprehensive social policy: Solid floor ladder/staircase to climb higher!!
• Social contract – nationally and globally – to ensure that every woman and man will be able to participate in, contribute to and benefit from development… OECD-POVNET
OECD-DAC = ”Donor Think Tank”POVNET = Poverty Reduction Network
1) POVNET Guidelines on Poverty Reduction 2001
2) POVNET Guide on Pro-Poor Growth (PPG) 2006
3) PPG and Agriculture 2006
4) PPG and Infrastructure 2006
5) PPG and PrivSectDevt 2006
6) PPG and Social Protection 2009
7) PPG and Employment 2009
8) PPG and Empowerment - forthcoming 2010
9) Global Social Protection Floor 2011-2012
POVNET Plenary Paris17 April, 2007Timo Voipio, MFA-Finland
Risk & Vulnerability Risk & Vulnerability = Key constraints for the participation of the poor people in = Key constraints for the participation of the poor people in PPG in PSD and Agriculture PPG in PSD and Agriculture Social Protection needed… Social Protection needed…
POVNET Plenary Paris17 April, 2007Timo Voipio, MFA-Finland
POVNET: Pro-poor growth= growth that poor people participate in, contribute to and benefit from…
A narrow ‘tradeable’/ Growth in all sectors/areas/markets
‘export’ sector/area/market? where the poor are & growth
(and redistribution, if any?) also in the national economy?
OLD NEW
Timo Voipio, [email protected] 14
Reliable SocProt may also encourage structural change & climate adaptation
A narrow ‘tradeable’/ Growth in all sectors/areas/markets
‘export’ sector/area/market? where the poor are + flexibility (and redistribution, if any?) for structural change, thanks
toincreased social security
+ Structural change
POVNET Plenary Paris17 April, 2007Timo Voipio, MFA-Finland
Justifications used by donors for focusing on Social Protection
Pro-poor growth• helps avoid shocks that can derail growth• promotes innovation, risk taking and entrepreneurship• broadens participation in economic growth• focuses on asset accumulation• counteracts irreversible asset depletion
Rights-based• MDGs, basic needs• human development / human security (Sen/JICA) • global socio-economic ‘floor’ (minimum standards) & global compact (MDG8)• democratic participation and social dialogue• sustainable development, lifecycle and inter-generational thinking
The ILO Global Campaign to Extend Social Security to All
A Human Rights Based Approach…
• Article 22 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights states: “Everyone, as a member of society, has the right to social security” further explained by article 25 and echoed by the International Covenant on Economic and Social Rights (1966,1976) as commented by the Committee on Economic , Social and cultural rights in 2008 stating– Progressive implementation of the right to social security while
maintaining – a core obligation to select a core group of social risks and
contingencies for immediate implementation– States parties…”should consider the development of further legal
instruments” to “ ensure that the right to social security is given due attention in international agreements”
The ILO Global Campaign to Extend Social Security to All
A Human Rights Based Approach…
• UDHR Article 25: Right to health and well being including food , clothing, housing and medical care and necessary social services …special care and assistance in case of motherhood and childhood…
• Article 26: Universal right to education…
• Article 27: Right to participate in the cultural life of the community…
• THE SPF INITITIATIVE GIVES CORE CONTENT TO THE BASIC RIGHTS EVEN IN TIMES OF CRISES …
What is the Social Protection Floor (SPF)–Initiative?
• One-UN Mandated by UN Crisis Summit and CEB
• Ensuring rights to essential services and social transfers for the poor and vulnerable:1. Essential services, such as health, water
and sanitation, education, social work 2. Essential social transfers:
– Universal Health Care– Assistance for Unemployed and Poor– Child benefit– Universal Old-Age and Disability Pension
Family BenefitSickness BenefitUnemployment BenefitMaternity BenefitMedical Care BenefitSurvivors’ Benefit Invalidity BenefitOld-age Benefit Employment Injury Benefit
Public Employees + depend-
ants
Private Employees+dependants
Self-employed
+Depend-
ants
Workers in
Informal Economy+ depend-
ants
Non-employed Working Age
and their dependants,
elderly, children
Four Guarantees: Universal Health CareAssistance for Unemployed and PoorChild benefitUniversal Old-Age and Disability Pension
The universal and progressive social security development approach: The horizontal and vertical dimensions – ILO mandate:
HORIZONTAL DIMENSION
VERTICAL DIMENSION
Social Protection Floor
Social Security Benefitsaccording
to C. 102
Timo Voipio, [email protected] 20
Gradual mngt of prioritized poverty risks through legislation & regulation, case Finland
Housing (1950-80) Immigr.
Old age (1935-70) Long term un-Work and family (65-95) employment
Ill health (1890-1970) Studies (60-85) Over indebt-
Children (1920-70) edness (1990s)
Unemployment (60-85)
1920s. 1950-70s. 1990s. 1990s. 2000s2000s(Sources: Jäntti, Saari, Vartiainen 2005; Saari 2005).
Who participates in the SPF-Initiative?
• National governments (ministries of labour, health, finance, agriculture …), social partners and national NGOs/CSOs, etc. + Regional bodies ?
• UN agencies such as ILO, WHO, FAO, IMF, OHCHR, UN Regional Commissions, UNAIDS, UNDP, UNDESA, UNESCO, UNFPA, UNICEF, UNHABITAT, UNHCR, UNODC, UNRWA, WFP, WMO, other international organizations such as World Bank and Regional Development Banks, and bilateral donors (e.g. Germany, UK, Finland, EU), global funds and International NGOs (ICSW, HAI, SCF...)
• OECD-POVNET
The ILO Global Campaign to Extend Social Security to All
Global coordination and support
– National Action
• Country level: Joint SPF Taskforce (government, social partners, social security institutions, UN agencies, NGOs, donors, etc. )
• Global level: Coordination of UN agencies (ILO, WHO, UNICEF, UNDESA, UNAIDS …), donors, international NGOs, Govts, social partners which set up a Global Technical Advisory Network
Government, social partners, UN agencies, NGOs etc.
Global Technical Advisory Network
Support
Joint SPF Taskforce
FINLAND / Development cooperation: Strong support to UN normative role/processes
1) UN CSocD (Commission for Social Development) Feb-2010Social Protection Floor SDAN: Social Development Advisers’ Network
2) Special Rapporteur on Rights of People with Disabilities
+ Book + Global Partnership on Disability and Dev’t (GPDD)
3) UN Human Rights Council / Independent Expert on Extreme Poverty + ICHRP
• Social Pensions and Human Rights
• CCTs and HR, Crisis/SP/HR
Finland – Development cooperation
• Multilateral support to SP innovation work by
• One-UN Social Protection Floor Initiative (SPF-I)
• ILO DW/SP in Central Asia
• UNICEF + WFP + UNFPA + UNDP
• WB (TFESSD, incl. WB-SP and Disability)
Finland – Development cooperation
• Active role in ‘brokering’ SP Agenda Development in…
• OECD-POVNET• Policy Guidance on SP and PPG 2009
• Measuring SP in ODA statistics 2010 (user: povnet; pass: dacpovnet)
• Joint Donor Learning Events on SP (Train4Dev) 2010
• Global Social Protection Floor 2011-12
• EU: European Development Report 2010 on SP in SSA Dec10 Communication/Conclusions on SP 2011?
• AU/EU Strategic Partnership on Migr/Empl/SP 30.6.-2.7. Dakar
Finland – Development cooperation
• CSOs: • ICSW (International Council for Social Welfare)
+ IFSW (Int’l Federation of Social Workers)
+ IASSW (Int’l Association of Schools of Social Work
Joint Conference Hong Kong 10-15 June, 2010
• World Conference on Universal Social Security, Brazil, 12/10
• World Social Security Forum, ISSA, Cape Town 12/10 • IDS-Centre for Social Protection Conference on SP for
Social Justice 13-15 April, 2011
CONGRATULATIONS to ICSW, IFSW and IASSW
- None of this will succeed without committed and competent
PROFESSIONALS of CARE !!
- Key challenges, therefore:
Rights of Care Workers
Human Rights to Care
Economics of Care