Download - greeks and etruscans art
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Non-Roman ItalyThe Greeks and Etruscans
January 15, 2014
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Trade, Mobility and Urbanization: Trade, Mobility and Urbanization: The Mediterranean between 900-700 BCThe Mediterranean between 900-700 BC
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So-called “Nestor’s Cup”Pithekoussai8th century BC
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Aristonothos Krater
680-650 BC
Painted terracotta
found at Caere (Etruria)
from Pithekoussai?
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Cumae
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Magna GraeciaMagna Graecia
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Megara Hyblaea
Naxos
Selinus
Akragas
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Temple of Concordia at Akragas
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Temple of Concordia, Akragas, c. 425 BC, limestone
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Basic Greek temple plan
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Greek architectural orders
Greek architectural orders
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Athena Nike temple, Athens, c. 410 BC, marble
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Aerial view of Selinus (Selinunte) on the southwest coast of Sicily
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View of the akropolis of Selinus – north is to the left
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Temple C (c. 540-530 BC, limestone) on the akropolis of Selinus
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Triglyphs & metopes from Temple C, Selinus
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Metope from Temple C“Apollo in his chariot”
c. 540-530 BC
Limestone
Selinus (Selinunte)
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Metope from Temple C“Perseus slaying the Gorgon”
c. 540-530 BC
Limestone
Selinus (Selinunte)
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Metope from Temple C“Herakles & the Kerkopes”
c. 540-530 BC
Limestone
Selinus (Selinunte)
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Megara Hyblaea
Naxos
Selinus
Akragas
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“Ephebe” or Kouros
Akragas (Agrigento)
5th century / c. 480-470 BC
Marble
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Magna GraeciaMagna Graecia
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Temple of Hera I, c. 550-525 BC, limestone
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Temple of Hera II, Paestum, c. 460 BC, limestone
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Tomb of the D
iver, Paestum
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Tomb of the Diver, c. 480-470 BC, Paestum, limestone & paint
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The EtruscansThe Etruscans
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Orientalizing Period in Italy
• Main agents = Phoenicians• Process : artistic motifs & objects from
Near East are introduced into western art through trade and other contacts
• 8th through 6th centuries BC• Style = hybrid of Egyptian/Assyrian motifs
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Bocchoris Vase, 720-715 BCfaience, Tarquinia
Decorated ostrich egg, mid 7th century BC, Tarquinia
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Caisra = Caere
Tarchna = Tarquinia
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Caere, or Cerveteri and its surrounding necropoleis
Regolini-Galassi Tomb
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Regolini-Galassi Tomb, c. 650 BC, in the Sorbo necropolis, Caere
discovered in 1836
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Gold necklace with pendants, c. 650 BC, gold and amber, Regolini-Galassi tomb, Caere
Silver cup, inscribed as belonging to “Larth”
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Bronze cauldron with protomes in form of lion’s head, Regolini-Galassi tomb, c. 650 BC, Caere (Cerveteri)
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Gold disk fibula, c. 650 BC, Regolini-Galassi tomb, Caere
~ 12.5” high
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Gold pectoral, gold laminate, c. 650 BC, Regolini-Galassi tomb, Caere
~ 11 x 16”
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Veii, Portonaccio Sanctuaryc. 500 BC
so-called Temple of Apollo,most likely Temple of Minerva
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Basic Italic temple style
• raised podium
• frontal stair
• deep front porch
• alae (wings)
• one or three cellae
• sine postico - no rear porch
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antefix pierced cresting
columen plaque
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Greek v. Etruscan
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Archaic Greek v. Italic temples
Greek Temples• Steps all around• Peristyle > peripteral• Interior columns• Pronaos, cella, opisthodomos• Doric & Ionic orders• Closed pediment with sculpture• Antefixes• Water spouts• Uniform look all around• Eastward orientation
Italic / Etruscan Temples• High, raised podium• Prostyle, sometimes pseudo-
peripteral• No interior columns usually• (pronaos), cella, and alae• Tuscan order• Open pediment; columen sculpture• Pierced cresting• Sculpture on ridgepole• Antefixes• Water spouts• Strong overhang in eaves• Frontal orientation• Southward orientation, usually
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Veii, Portonaccio Sanctuary
so-called Temple of Apollo,most likely Temple of Minerva
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Portonaccio temple model
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Portonaccio temple elevation
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Apollo of Veii, c. 510 - 500 BCpainted terracotta~5 ft. 10 in.Villa Giulia Museum, Rome
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Anavyssos Kouros, late 6th cent. BC
Apollo of Veii, c. 500 BC
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Anavyssos Kouros Apollo of Veii
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Antefix
Gorgon’s head
Veii
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Caisra = Caere = Cerveteri
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Banditaccia necropolis
c. 700 - 200 BC
Caere (Cerveteri)
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Sarcophagus of the Married Couplec. 520 BC terracottaCaere (Cerveteri)
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Tumulus
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Tomb of the Shields & Chairs
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Tarchna = Tarquinia
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Tarquinia: Montarozzi necropolis
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Tomb of the Augurs, c. 520 BC, tufa & paint, Tarquinia
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