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Green Roofs in Chi Town
Alanna Evans, Jennifer Kramer, Anthony Burton
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The Big PictureGlobal Warming
Overuse of Resources:DeforestationIntensive FarmingLand DegradationResource Depletion
Waste
Air, Soil, and Water Pollution
Waste Management
Pollution..
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Road Map•What are Green Roofs?•Analyze roofs’ reduction in:
–urban heat island effect–pollutants in the air–rainfall runoff
•How would implementing Green Roofs affect a city like Chicago?
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William McDonough
•Cradle to Cradle- Sustainability
•Implementation of Chicago
•City Hall design
(McDonough 2006)
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What are Green Roofs?• Green Roofs-gardens grown on top of a home
with waterproofing membrane underneath
• 2 types:– Extensive-mosses and other shallow-root
plants; little maintenance– Intensive-larger vegetation planted in
deeper soil
(Wikipedia 2006)
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Our Hypothesis:• Implementing McDonough’s green roof
design on homes throughout the city of Chicago will reduce the urban heat island effect, reduce rainfall runoff, and improve air quality within the city.
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Urban heat island effect
•Urban centers-ave. temps of 6-10° F higher
•Air temp over green roof-90° F•Air temp over standard roof-
102° F•Result: Lower need for air
conditioning (Czarnecki 2003)
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Our Model
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Stella Model for Urban Island
• ((Number of Standard Roofs*102)+((100 – Number of Standard Roofs)*90))/100
• 2% annual transformation rate• 13.3% homes left as std.• 91.6° F after 100 yrs
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Reduction of Rainfall Runoff
• Runoff-precipitation waters that flow into uncontrolled water bodies
• Standard roof- 9% caught • Green roofs- 55% caught• Result- reduction in flooding
risks; inc. in water quality of nearby water bodies
(Mentens 2006)
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Air Quality
• 1 m2 green roof- reduction of 0.2kg/yr of air particulate
• If 10% convert to green roofs: 2.6x106kg of particulates removed
• Result: cleaner, more breathable air
(Ardron 2006)
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Excel Graph for Particulate Reduction
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0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100Percentage of Houses
Air Particulate Reduction
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Why Everyone Should Get OneReducedSummerTemps!!!
Improved water quality!!!
FewerFloods!!!
Less airPollution!!!
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CitationsArdron, Keith. 2006. “Green Roof Benefits.”
<http://www.eltgreenroofs.com/greenroofs-benefits.html> (Oct 25, 2006).
Czarnecki, John E. 2003. “From the roof of city hall to rows of bungalows, Chicago goes green.” Architectural Record. 191 (2): 79-80.
McDonough, William and Michael Braungart. 2002. “The Living City : Nature, Design, and the Greening of Chicago .” <http://www.mcdonough.com/writings/living_city.htm#> (October 26, 2006).
Mentens, J., Raes D., and Hermy, M. 2006. “Green roofs as a tool for solving the rainwater runoff problem in the urbanized 21st century?” Landscape and Urban Planning. 77 (3): 217-226.