Download - Group 19 Module 2
Group 19Module 2
Ethan Kaufman, Yemi Olubowale, Abhinav Uppal, Divya Vedula
Article:
Predator Transitory Spillover Induces Trophic Cascades in Ecological Sinks
By Casini et al.
The scope of the presentation focuses on events from 1977-1988
Gulf of Riga
(Figure From: www.Ikzm-d .de)
Outline A. Trophic Levels
Predator- Prey Relationships
B. Source-Sink Dynamics
C. Trophic Cascades
Top Down Regulation-Indirect Mutualism
Density Dependence
Trophic Levels (GoR)
Cod
Herring
Zooplankton
Phytoplankton
(Adapted From Casini et al.)
SUNLIGHT
(Figure From: www.lmvp.org)
TROPHIC
CASCADES
The Idea
Saving water
Spillover
Wasted
cod biomass
Overfishing, adverse conditions
Collapse in Baltic Disappear from GoR
High salinity,
O2
Contraction
Mid 1970s Early 80s mid 80s --
Cod Distribution
MB = Main BasinGoR = Gulf of Riga
(Figure adapted from Cassini et al.)
Data from a fishery (GoR)
(Figure from Cassini et al.)
Population
BirthImmigration
Death Emigration
Density Dependent Population Schematic
Population
BirthImmigration
Death Emigration
Population
BirthImmigration
Death Emigration
Population
BirthImmigration
Death Emigration
Cod
Zooplankton
Herring
Phytoplankton
Body Size
Increases(early 1980s)
(Adapted From Cassini et al.)
Everything follows the leading horse
www.petwildanimalswallpapers.blogspot.com
Works Cited• Abesamis RA, Russ GR (2005) Density-dependent spillover from
marine reserves: Longterm evidence. Ecol Appl 15:1798–1812.• Casini, Michele, Thorsten Blenckner, Christian Mollmann, Anna
Gardmark, Martin Lindegren, Marcos Llope, Georgs Kornilovs, Maris Plikshs, and Nils Christian Stenseth. "Predator Transitory Spillover Induces Trophic Cascades in Ecological Sinks. " Http://www.pnas.org/content/109/21/8185.full.pdf+html. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Aquatic Resources, Institute of Marine Research, 13 Apr. 2012. Web. 03 Oct. 2012.
• Freeman, Scott. Biological Science. 4th ed. San Fransicso, CA: Benjamin Cummings, 2011. Print.