Download - Guiding & Assessing Transformation in DOD
Guiding and Measuring
TRANSFORMATION
in the Department of Defense
The Mission of the Joint Assessment Enabling Capability (JAEC)
Office of the Secretary of Defense
Don JohnsonJAEC DirectorFebruary 2004
“The dramatic transformation of America’s strategic environment has had a major impact on our military forces, and demands an equally dramatic transformation in how we prepare the forces for combat and non-combat operations.
Emphasis has shifted from deliberate to adaptive war planning, and from permanent organizations and large hierarchies to smaller, highly-distributed joint and combined forces and standing joint task forces that integrate service capabilities at the lowest levels.
To transform the total force and meet combatant commanders’ needs in this new environment, we need to transform the way we conduct training.
Training must now prepare the force to learn, improvise, and adapt to constantly changing threats in addition to executing doctrine to standards.”
What is Transformation ?- T2 Implementation Plan Executive Summary -
Military TransformationVision for the Department of Defense
The Department defines “transformation” as:
“a process that shapes the changing nature of military competition and cooperation through new combinations of concepts, capabilities, people, and organizations that exploit our nation’s advantages and protect against our asymmetric vulnerabilities to sustain our strategic position, which helps underpin peace and stability in the world.”
“At its core, our transformation strategyis a strategy for large-scale innovation.”
Military transformation will enable the U.S. Armed Forces to achieve broad and sustained competitive advantage in the 21st century.
It comprises those activities that anticipate and create the future by coevolving concepts, processes, organizations, and technologies to produce new sources of military power.
The transformation of our armed forces will dramatically increase our strategic and operational responsiveness, speed, reach, and effectiveness, making our forces increasingly precise, lethal, tailorable, agile, survivable, and more easily sustainable.
Military TransformationVision for the Department of Defense
What is JAEC ?
SPAT2 JAEC
100%
~ 3.5%
~ 1%Strategic
PerformanceAssessment
Training Transformation
Joint Assessment And Enabling
Capability
~
~
Joint Assessment Enabling CapabilityOUSD P&R and JCS J7 Roles and Responsibilities
JAEC Program Oversight
Develop Performance Assessment Architecture
Develop Joint Performance Measures
T2 Performance Assessments
Tracking Joint Education, Training & Experience
Link Training to Readiness
Capture and Share Joint Lessons Learned
Enhance and fully implement the Joint Training System
Guidance and Policy (RTPP)
What is JAEC ?CONCEPT
“The Joint Assessment and Enabling Capability will ensure systematic assessment of Training Transformation plans, programs, and investments throughout the Department; and continuous improvement of joint force readiness.
It will also provide essential enabling tools and processes to support and guide the rapid spiral development of the Joint Knowledge Development and Distribution Capability and the Joint National Training Capability.
This capability will provide an assessment process to measure the degree to which training improves joint force readiness, both individually and collectively.”
Anticipating, Evaluating, and Guiding Development
Will JAEC assess readiness?
“Future joint force training readiness reporting through the Defense Readiness Reporting System will be based on the process established in the Joint Training System.
The Joint Assessment and Enabling Capability will be used to provide more robust reporting in terms of doctrine, organization, training, materiel, leadership, personnel, and facilities.
Such reporting will include two levels of spiral development—a basic level for predictable requirements, and a second level to assess individual and unit trainability and adaptability for unforeseen exigencies.”
unit commanders do readiness assessments
- NO -
So what does JAEC Assess?
dinosaurs ruled the earthfor a very long time
Innovation …
Not on my watch !
Assessment Options
Lagging Indicators Leading IndicatorsCurrent Situation
historians & critics daily management guiding change
What happened in the past?
What were the results?
What worked well?
What didn’t work well?
What was the outcome?
What did we learn?
What will happen in the future?
What should we change?
How can we change?
What should we change to?
What are our strategic goals?
What outcomes do we need?
What’s happening now?
What are the details?
Where are the problems?
Status of resources?
Schedule & milestones?
What happens tomorrow?
JAEC Strategic Assessment Methodbased on proven theory and practice
rather than measuring activities
Methodology
1. An organization must first know its Goal and the necessary conditions for achievement.
2. Then it must identify the constraints, that are limiting the level of achievement of that goal.
3. Implement continuous process improvements
What are T2 Performance Goals?Criterion
• Are they tied to Transformation Strategy?• Do they focus on strategic performance outcomes?• Are they leading indicators?• Do they enable innovation & process improvements?• Will they anticipate and guide T2 developments?
• Are they about technical solutions & infrastructure?• Do they focus on milestones and budgets? • Are they focused primarily on near-term outputs?• Are they lagging (rear-view mirror) indicators?• Do they reinforce inertia and incremental progress?
or
Setting Measurable Goals- based on T2 I Plan -
The Secretary has a saying “you can only manage what you can measure,” and that’s what JAEC is all about. Dr. Paul Mayberry
Focused on COCOM needs
All Forces Joint Educated and Trained
New Joint Operation Capabilities
Dynamic Mission Planning and Rehearsal
Continuous Readiness Improvements
All Forces Joint Educated and Trained
Throughput
Enable Innovationand development of new
Joint Operational Capabilities
Innovation
Dynamic Mission Planning
and Rehearsal
Transparency
Performance OutcomesSuccessively Build and Guide T2
Example of “Throughput”
0 90%
11.2%
0 90%
45.4%
Total COCOM staff positions
Only 482 out of 4287
Critical COCOM staff positions
Only 184 out of 405
T2 Throughput Baseline Percent of COCOM Staffs Joint Trained or Educated
1. Data Source – DMDC as of December 2003 (-- data currency and institutional reporting is an issue)2. Alignment of T2 Throughput with actual COCOM personnel “fills” is critical to achieving our Goal3. Subsequent steps in Throughput Metrics: assess knowledge and skill match-up and timeliness
0
100 %
90%
50000 90%
10000
Total Staff Total Units
100 %
JNTC Throughput Metrics
0
100 %
90%
50000 90%
10000
Total Staff Total Units
100 %
JKDDC Throughput Metrics
Notional
Notional
Warfighting Impact: – Two OFOR Battalions rendered combat ineffective– Close Air Support decisively engages OPFOR – Exercise “restarted” to enable Blue Ground Force to engage OPFOR
2 Ship F-16 w/Litening II + SADL + GBU-12
Example of “Innovation”Digital Close Air Support: Decisive Defeat of OPFOR
D/TOC
UAV A/OA-10 w/ SADL + AGM-65D 2 Ship F-16 w/Litening II
+ SADL+ AGM-65D
1. Source: US Army Division Capstone Exercise - Phase I (March-April 2001)2. Same Lessons Learned many times – Slow impacts on Joint DOTMTLP3. AARs review Lessons Learned in hours – but wide-scale distribution on new insights are lacking
Example of “Transparency”
• Services cue up in deployment lanes• Units and staffs participate in mission planning and rehearsals• Share common operational picture with real “joint context”
Mission Specific Training and Rehearsal
120 – 90 – 60 – 30
Start with COCOM Mission - move forward with increased granularity
Mission Execution
1. SOF implementing very fast Mission Planning / Rehearsal Processes – Global “Reach-Forward”2. Yet most of our Planning, Education and Training tools and processes are still Industrial Age3. Opportunity to integrate T2 into Adaptive Planning Tools and Processes in early Design Phase
Core Education and Training
Identifying “constraints” that limit achievement of goals
Industrial age – Deliberate Planning Tools and Processes
Assess resultsThen update
Doctrine
RCCRequirements
Develop Training
Plans
ExecuteTraining
MultiyearProcess
How should it work? Concept for net-centric operation adaptive planning and mission rehearsal
continuously identifying specific manpower
personnel - knowledge & skill requirements
Real timeISR
rapid missionrehearsal
Continuously identify and filling gaps in existing inventory
RCCmission planning
and COA
Sense andrespondlogistics
continuousassessment & refinement
Performance Assessment Architecture Concept
T2 Vector Assessments• COCOM Alignment• Service Alignment• Force Transformation Alignment
(via a Collaborative Network)
T2 Integration Assessments• Policy integration• Program and process integration• Information systems integration
(performed by JAEC Office)
T2 Training Value Assessments• Joint Trained / Educated Staffs & Units• Staffs & Units Trained / Educated on the right JMET• Responsiveness to COCOM requirements changes
(JMOs provide input to JAEC)
T2 Balanced ScorecardInitial Structure
COCOM Satisfaction
COCOM Satisfaction
Training Integration
Assessment
Training Integration
Assessment
T2 Strategic Goals tied to the SSPG
and Strategic Performance Assessment
“The Balanced Scorecard for Risk Management is a central element of the Defense Strategy. It gives DoD leaders a disciplined way of measuring near and mid-term defense outputs, in critical areas, against longer-term strategic Defense goals.”
Dr. David Chu
Transformation Vector
Assessment
Transformation Vector
Assessment
Training Value
Assessment
Training Value
Assessment
1. What are the constraints? that are limiting the level of achievement of those goals
-
2. How to establish continuous process improvement? that overcomes organizational and cultural resistance
--
3. Who are the to key stakeholders? that will provide insights & inputs to T2 performance assessment - -
4. How to assess and guide “Throughput”? all forces educated and trained prior to and during deployment - -
5. How to assess and guide “Innovation”? adaptable and agile – learning on the fly and creating new JOC’ - -
6. How to assess and guide “Transparency”? that will provide insights & inputs to T2 performance assessment? - -
Discussion