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Handout 1 (pink)
Climate
Climate Change
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For page 13
• Weather
– What is happening
today.
• Temperature, Humidity,
Dew Point, and Air
Pressure
• Climate
– The patterns of
weather that occur
over periods of time.
• Temperature and Rain
Fall
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1. What two questions do scientists
work to answer?
• Is the climate really changing?
• If it is changing what is the cause?
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2. Define climatologist.
• Scientists who gather data to study and
compare past and present climates and to
predict future climate change.
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3. What practice helps
climatologists make predictions
about future climates?
• Look at past climates to find patterns in
the changes that occur.
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4. When scientists find high 18O
levels in ________, they know that
the water was cool in the past.
• sea-floor sediment
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5. Thin ______ indicate cool
weather and low precipitation in the
past.
• tree rings
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6. High levels of CO2 found in
______ indicate warmer climate in
the past, whereas ice ages follow
decreases in CO2.• ice cores
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7. By studying ________, scientists
can learn how animals adapted to
changing climates.
• fossils
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8. Computer-generated climate
models that simulate changes in
one variable when other variables
remain unchanged are called
___________.
• general circulation models (GCMs)
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9. What are three climate
conditions that computer models
can be used to predict?
• temperature
• precipitation
• wind patterns
• sea level changes
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10. What are three factors that
might cause climate changes?
• movement of tectonic plates
• changes in Earth’s orbit
• Human activity
• atmospheric changes
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11. The movement of continents
over millions of years caused by
________ may affect climate
changes.
• tectonic plate motion
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12.
• According to the Milankovitch theory, what
three factors lead to climate changes?
• A. Changes in the shape of Earth’s orbit
• B. Changes in Earth’s tilt on axis
• C. The wobble of Earth's axis
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13. The shape of Earth’s orbit
changes from _________ to
circular, affecting Earth’s distance
from the sun and therefore Earth’s
temperature and climate.• elliptical
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14. Decreasing _______decreases
temperature differences between
seasons.• tilt
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15. The wobble of Earth on its axis
changes the direction of Earth’s tilt
and can reverse the ________. • seasons.
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16. What human activities are
responsible for releasing carbon
dioxide, CO2, into the atmosphere?.
• Pollution from transportation and industry
and burning of fossil fuels
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17. What can increases in CO2
levels lead to?
• Global warming
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18. Climate change can affect what
three life-forms?
• Humans
• plants
• animals
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19. What are three potential climate
changes that could make survival
of life on Earth more difficult for
both humans and other species?• global warming
• sea-level changes
• changes in precipitation
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20. Define global warming.
• A gradual increase in the average global
temperature that is due to a higher
concentration of gases such as carbon
dioxide in the atmosphere.
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21. How could global warming
affect plants and animals?
• Increases in evaporation could cause
some areas to become drier and some
plants and animals wouldn't be able to live
in these dry conditions.
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22. How could the melting of polar
ice caps affect the shoreline and its
inhabitants?• flooding around coastlines where cities are
located.
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23. What actions have countries
taken to reduce the potential
effects of global warming?
• treaties and laws to reduce pollution
• industrial practices are being monitored
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24. List three actions individuals
can take to reduce CO2
concentrations in the atmosphere
that are caused by pollution.
• turn lights off
• turn down heaters and air conditioners
• recycle
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25. Name two ways that people
can change their transportation
habits to reduce the release of CO2
into the atmosphere.• drive fuel efficient vehicles
• tune your car properly
• inflate tires properly
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26. When driving, what are two
things that can be done to make
sure the car is burning fuel more
efficiently?
• Drive at a consistent speed
• Don’t over accelerate
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27. How can hybrid cars reduce the
amount of carbon dioxide in the
atmosphere?• They use both gasoline and electricity.
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The End