Harmonization and consistency in ISO/TC 211 standards
by Serena Coetzee
Chair, ISO/TC 211 Programme Maintenance Group
at the Tutorial held on5 December 2010 in Canberra, Australia
ISO/TC 211 Tutorial: Harmonization and consistency in ISO/TC 211 standards Serena Coetzee, 5 December 2010, Canberra, Australia
The Challenge
• 40+ published ISO/TC 211 standards• 10+ standards under development• 9 standards currently being revised• 10 standards approved for revision • 2 stage zero projects (another in progress) propose the
development of a number of standards• 190+ normative referenced among ISO/TC 211 standards• Some standards are normatively references in 10+ other
standards• 10+ circular normative revisions among ISO/TC 211
standards
ISO/TC 211 Tutorial: Harmonization and consistency in ISO/TC 211 standards Serena Coetzee, 5 December 2010, Canberra, Australia
Programme Maintenance Group
PMG Terms of Reference (n2515)
The Programme Maintenance Group (PMG) shall monitor the published ISO/TC 211 standards, specifications, reports and
the ISO/TC 211 programme of work, to ensure harmonization and consistency.
The PMG shall also monitor changing requirements and technological developments to see whether
the ISO/TC 211 programme of work is aligned to these.
ISO/TC 211 Tutorial: Harmonization and consistency in ISO/TC 211 standards Serena Coetzee, 5 December 2010, Canberra, Australia
Programme Maintenance Group
PMG Terms of Reference (n2515)
1. Maintenance of existing standards – collect and publish reports of errors and problems in the
published documents – maintain PMG area on the ISO/TC 211 web site– advise ISO/TC 211 to initiate amendments, corrigenda and
revisions2. New work items
– Ensure harmonization with programme of work and published documents
– Align them with overall strategy and scope of work of ISO/TC 211
ISO/TC 211 Tutorial: Harmonization and consistency in ISO/TC 211 standards Serena Coetzee, 5 December 2010, Canberra, Australia
Overview
• PMG website• Dependencies• Recommendations
– Draft NWIPs– Systematic reviews– Ad hoc
• Guidelines– Harmonization checklist
ISO/TC 211 Tutorial: Harmonization and consistency in ISO/TC 211 standards Serena Coetzee, 5 December 2010, Canberra, Australia
PMG website
• Programme www.isotc211.org/pmg
ISO/TC 211 Tutorial: Harmonization and consistency in ISO/TC 211 standards Serena Coetzee, 5 December 2010, Canberra, Australia
PMG website
• Reports www.isotc211.org/pmg
ISO/TC 211 Tutorial: Harmonization and consistency in ISO/TC 211 standards Serena Coetzee, 5 December 2010, Canberra, Australia
PMG website
• Harmonization issues www.isotc211.org/pmg
ISO/TC 211 Tutorial: Harmonization and consistency in ISO/TC 211 standards Serena Coetzee, 5 December 2010, Canberra, Australia
Dependencies
• 190+ normative references among ISO/TC 211 standards
• Some standards are normatively referenced in 10+ other standards
• 10+ circular normative revisions among ISO/TC 211 standards
What effect has the revision of one standard on others?
Normative and informative
• Normative elements– describe the scope of the document, and which
set out provisions– Provisions: requirement, recommendation,
statement• Informative elements
– identify the document, introduce its content and explain its background, its development and its relationship with other documents
– Provide additional information
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, §3.9
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, §3.8, §3.12
ISO/TC 211 Tutorial: Harmonization and consistency in ISO/TC 211 standards Serena Coetzee, 5 December 2010, Canberra, Australia
Normative dependencies
• Normative dependency– Coetzee (2010): Relationship between two
standards where a change to the normative content in the one standard affects the normative content of the other standard
ISO/TC 211 Tutorial: Harmonization and consistency in ISO/TC 211 standards Serena Coetzee, 5 December 2010, Canberra, Australia
Structure of a standardElement Arrangement
Informative preliminary
Title page
Table of contents
Foreword
Introduction
Normative general
Title
Scope
Normative references
Normative technicalTerms and definitionsSymbols and abbreviated terms… (clauses)Normative annex
Informative supplementary
Informative annex
Bibliography
Indexes
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, §5.1.3
Bold: requiredUpright: normative Italic – informative
Conformance (ISO 19105:2000)
ISO/TC 211 Tutorial: Harmonization and consistency in ISO/TC 211 standards Serena Coetzee, 5 December 2010, Canberra, Australia
Scope
• Scope– Defines without ambiguity the subject of the
document and aspects covered– Limits of applicability
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, §6.2.1
ISO19101:2002
ISO/TC 211 Tutorial: Harmonization and consistency in ISO/TC 211 standards Serena Coetzee, 5 December 2010, Canberra, Australia
ISO/TC 211 Tutorial: Harmonization and consistency in ISO/TC 211 standards Serena Coetzee, 5 December 2010, Canberra, Australia
Scope dependency
• Example– ISO/TS 19139:2007
• This Technical Specification defines Geographic Metadata XML (gmd) encoding, an XML Schema implementation derived from ISO 19115, Geographic information – Metadata
– See ScopeDependency.xlsx
ISO/TC 211 Tutorial: Harmonization and consistency in ISO/TC 211 standards Serena Coetzee, 5 December 2010, Canberra, Australia
Scope dependency
• Example– ISO 19126:2009
• This International Standard specifies a schema for feature concept dictionaries to be established and managed as registers. This International Standard … does specify a schema for a hierarchical register of feature concept dictionaries and feature catalogues. These registers are in accordance with ISO 19135.
• See ScopeDependency.xlsx
ISO/TC 211 Tutorial: Harmonization and consistency in ISO/TC 211 standards Serena Coetzee, 5 December 2010, Canberra, Australia
Scope dependency
• Example– ISO 19136:2009 GML
• The Geography Markup Language (GML) is an XML encoding in compliance with ISO 19118 for …
• See ScopeDependency.xlsx
• Currently 15 scope dependencies in ISO/TC 211 standards
Terms and definitions
• Terms and definitions– definitions necessary for the understanding of
certain terms used in the documentISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, §6.3.1, Annex D
ISO 19101:2003
ISO/TC 211 Tutorial: Harmonization and consistency in ISO/TC 211 standards Serena Coetzee, 5 December 2010, Canberra, Australia
ISO/TC 211 Tutorial: Harmonization and consistency in ISO/TC 211 standards Serena Coetzee, 5 December 2010, Canberra, Australia
Term Dependency
• Examples– coordinate reference system
• referenced in 10 standards
– admitted term• referenced in one standard
• 537 term dependencies in ISO/TC 211 standards
• Harmonization of ISO/TC 211 terms by the Terminology Maintenance Group (TMG)
Normative Reference
• Normative references– List of referenced documents cited in the document– ‘…indispensable for the application of the document…’– Rule of thumb
• Cited in a requirement
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, §6.2.2
ISO 19101:2002
ISO/TC 211 Tutorial: Harmonization and consistency in ISO/TC 211 standards Serena Coetzee, 5 December 2010, Canberra, Australia
ISO/TC 211 Tutorial: Harmonization and consistency in ISO/TC 211 standards Serena Coetzee, 5 December 2010, Canberra, Australia
Normative reference dependency
• Example
ISO 19115:2003
ISO/TC 211 Tutorial: Harmonization and consistency in ISO/TC 211 standards Serena Coetzee, 5 December 2010, Canberra, Australia
Normative Reference
• For a standard, the dependency database shows
• which standards are normatively referenced• where a standard is normatively referenced
• If there is a dependency in the normative content of S1 on S2– On what part of S2 is the dependency?
Provisions
• Requirement– expression in the content of a document
conveying criteria to be fulfilled if compliance with the document is to be claimed and from which no deviation is permitted
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, §3.12.1, §6.3.3, Annex H
ISO/TC 211 Tutorial: Harmonization and consistency in ISO/TC 211 standards Serena Coetzee, 5 December 2010, Canberra, Australia
Provisions
• Requirement– shall/shall not
• is to • is required to• it is required that• has to• only … is permitted• it is necessary
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, Annex H
•is not allowed [permitted]•is not [acceptable]•is not [permissible]•is required to be not•is required that … be not•is not to be
ISO/TC 211 Tutorial: Harmonization and consistency in ISO/TC 211 standards Serena Coetzee, 5 December 2010, Canberra, Australia
Provisions
• Recommendation– expression in the content of a document
conveying that • among several possibilities one is recommended as
particularly suitable, without mentioning or excluding others, or
• that a certain course of action is preferred but not necessarily required, or
• that (in the negative form) a certain possibility or course of action is deprecated but not prohibited
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, §3.12.2, §6.3.3, Annex H
ISO/TC 211 Tutorial: Harmonization and consistency in ISO/TC 211 standards Serena Coetzee, 5 December 2010, Canberra, Australia
Provisions
• Recommendation– should/should not
• it is recommended that• ought to• it is not recommended that• ought not to
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, Annex H
ISO/TC 211 Tutorial: Harmonization and consistency in ISO/TC 211 standards Serena Coetzee, 5 December 2010, Canberra, Australia
Structure of a standard
• Requirement
ISO 19110:2005
ISO 19111:2007
ISO/TC 211 Tutorial: Harmonization and consistency in ISO/TC 211 standards Serena Coetzee, 5 December 2010, Canberra, Australia
ISO/TC 211 Tutorial: Harmonization and consistency in ISO/TC 211 standards Serena Coetzee, 5 December 2010, Canberra, Australia
Provision dependency
• Challenges!– How to identify a provision?
• Search for certain verbs…• ‘is’, ‘not’ ?• ‘Hidden’ in UML?
ISO 19111:2007
ISO/TC 211 Tutorial: Harmonization and consistency in ISO/TC 211 standards Serena Coetzee, 5 December 2010, Canberra, Australia
Dependencies
• Restrictions on revisions– Only if there is a dependency on an undated
standard
– Notation• S1:YYYY (standard 1, published in year YYYY)• S1:YYYY’ (revision of S1:YYYY)
ISO/TC 211 Tutorial: Harmonization and consistency in ISO/TC 211 standards Serena Coetzee, 5 December 2010, Canberra, Australia
Scope dependency
– S2:YYYY S1 [dependency]– Existing implementations of S2:YYYY shall comply
with S1:YYYY’
– ISO 19136:2009 ISO 19118 [The Geography Markup Language (GML) is an XML encoding in compliance with ISO 19118 for …]
– Existing implementations of ISO 19136:2009 shall comply with any revision of ISO 19118
Scope
Scope
ISO/TC 211 Tutorial: Harmonization and consistency in ISO/TC 211 standards Serena Coetzee, 5 December 2010, Canberra, Australia
Scope dependency
– S2:YYYY S1:YYYY [dependency]– No restriction!
– ISO 19136:2009 ISO 19118:2005 [The Geography Markup Language (GML) is an XML encoding in compliance with ISO 19118 for …]
– No restriction!
Scope
Scope
ISO/TC 211 Tutorial: Harmonization and consistency in ISO/TC 211 standards Serena Coetzee, 5 December 2010, Canberra, Australia
Term dependency
– S2:YYYY S1 [term]– The term shall be included in S1:YYYY’ with the
same meaning
– ISO 19107:2003 ISO 19111 [coordinate reference system]
– ‘coordinate reference system’ shall be included in revisions of ISO 19111 with the same meaning
Term
Term
ISO/TC 211 Tutorial: Harmonization and consistency in ISO/TC 211 standards Serena Coetzee, 5 December 2010, Canberra, Australia
Provision dependency
– S2:YYYY S1 [requirement]– The requirement as implemented in existing
implementations of S2:YYYY shall comply with S1:YYYY’
– ISO 19107:2039 ISO 19111 []
– ‘coordinate reference system’ shall be included in revisions of ISO 19111 with the same meaning
Requirement
Requirement
ISO/TC 211 Tutorial: Harmonization and consistency in ISO/TC 211 standards Serena Coetzee, 5 December 2010, Canberra, Australia
Recommendations
• Published at www.isotc211.org/pmg/reports.htm
No Date Problem statement Recommendation Status
13 2008-12-04
Tsukuba, Japan
National bodies ask for revisions of standards without supplying comments to justify a revision.
The PMG requests national bodies to provide comments when requesting revisions in a systematic review.
Ongoing
… … … … …
11 2008-12-04
Tsukuba, Japan
Approved revision of 19115 (Metadata content model)
The ongoing work on data quality should be taken into consideration when revising 19115-1.
In progress
… … … … …
8 2008-12-04
Tsukuba, Japan
Approved revision of 19119 (Services).
The revision should exclude services metadata (moves to19115-1)
In progress
ISO/TC 211 Resolution 360
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1, §2.2
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1, §2.3
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1, §2.4
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1, §2.5
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1, §2.6ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1, §2.7
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1, §2.8
ISO: Project stagesPreliminary
00
Proposal10
Preparatory20
Review90
Committee30
Publication60
Approval50
Enquiry40
Withdrawal 95
Preliminary work item
New work item proposal
Working draft(s)
International Standard
Committee draft(s)
Draft Intl StandardFinal DIS
ISO/TC 211 Tutorial: Harmonization and consistency in ISO/TC 211 standards Serena Coetzee, 5 December 2010, Canberra, Australia
Draft NWIP NWIP
ISO/TC 211 Tutorial: Harmonization and consistency in ISO/TC 211 standards Serena Coetzee, 5 December 2010, Canberra, Australia
Recommendations
• Example: Draft NWIP on Robotic Localization Service (n2907)
– Submitted by Object Management Group (OMG)– Comments
• Harmonize with 19130, 19141 and 19156 (US)• Harmonize terminology (US)• Exclude C++ code from the standard (US, FR)• Extend to more than robots (AU, FR)• Harmonize with OGC SWE, OGC routing, ISO LBS work
(FR)
ISO/TC 211 Tutorial: Harmonization and consistency in ISO/TC 211 standards Serena Coetzee, 5 December 2010, Canberra, Australia
Recommendations
• Example: Draft NWIP on Robotic Localization Service (n2907)
• PMG Recommendation (Southampton, May 2009)– Address comments in the NWIP, especially regarding
harmonization– Remove ‘Robotic’ from the title, consider rename (because
‘localization’ on its own has other meanings)– Ensure harmonization with UBPA work– Scope should be achievable within ISO deadlines, keeping in
mind that this will be a first joint project– Draft document submitted together with NWIP should be in ISO
Format
ISO/TC 211 Tutorial: Harmonization and consistency in ISO/TC 211 standards Serena Coetzee, 5 December 2010, Canberra, Australia
Recommendations
• Example: Systematic review
ISO 19114:2003 Geographic information – Quality evaluation procedures
Confirm = 13; Confirm & Correct = 1; Revise/Amend = 5 (AU, CA, CN, JP, NO); Withdraw = 2 (UK, DE); Abstain = 9
Comments:
Withdraw and replace with ISO 19157 (data quality).
Other comments suggest improvements
PMG Recommendation (Molde, May 2009)
Resolution: confirm ISO 19114 now and potentially withdraw ISO 19114 when ISO 19157 is published.
ISO/TC 211 Tutorial: Harmonization and consistency in ISO/TC 211 standards Serena Coetzee, 5 December 2010, Canberra, Australia
Ad hoc issues
• Examples from previous meetings– Moving types from 19139 to 19103 – XML validation, compliance and conformance
testing– Separate data model and encoding– Codelist registry?– Inconsistency of EPSG codes
ISO/TC 211 Tutorial: Harmonization and consistency in ISO/TC 211 standards Serena Coetzee, 5 December 2010, Canberra, Australia
Guidelines
• Harmonization checklist