Download - Has international trade reached a deadlock
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HAS INTERNATIONAL TRADE REACHED A DEADLOCK?
Interview with Pascal Lamy
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RISK OF A GREEN PROTECTIONISM
Some technical regulations may really be intended to protect domestic markets
We are witnessing is a complexification of the game
ASEAN, ASEAN+3, Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP)
the proliferation of global production chains
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Import content of exports has risen from 20% to 40% in 20 years
Juxtaposition of different regulations The real challenge is protecting consumers
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RISING POWER OF BILATERAL TRADE AGREEMENTS
Multilateralism is favored because of stability and transparency
We have about 400 bilateral agreements today anything that goes towards reducing tariffs is heading in the right direction to open up trade on a preferential basis, breach regulatory preferences
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RELEVANCE OF DOHA ROUND
Ricardo's comparative advantages, Schumpeter's creation/destruction
The impact of trade liberalization is considered to be a political issue, and attempts are made to balance the loss
Three phenomena: the violence of economic shocks suffered
during destruction phases
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2) the sheer number of players involved 3) the political limits that possible
concessions are faced with political limits are even more sensitive in a context of crisis
EU is the only example of a customs union which has been granted negotiating ability
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Discussions in parallel, conducted between field players
Discussions carried out by govt with civil society -- NGOs [non-governmental organizations], trade unions, producer organizations
The issues they address, the interests embodied by non-state actors, are not absent from the debate
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FAIR REPRESENTATION OF RELEVANT INTERESTS
The first reason is technical, or more precisely, it stems from the technicality of the issues discussed
This technicality poses the problem of regulation capture by special interests.
The second reason is, in this game, the Losing parties know precisely why they lose
and are able to form coalitions to support their causes, while the winning parties are often unaware they won
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PROTEST AGAINST THE EUROPEAN CARBON TAX PROPOSAL
From WTO's point of view, there is no objection, in principle, to the establishment of a carbon tax
Whether the tools put in place comply with the rules
Four chief tools: regulation, subsidies, taxes and permits
Each of these approaches can be tested in terms of WTO agreements
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EXCHANGE RATE REGIME
WTO,Geneva is about trade, and Washington (IMF Headquarters) is about exchange rates.
Exchange rate fluctuations have a short-term impact on exchanges
An undervalued currency will promote exports, there are more and more imports contained within exports
China benefited from an unfair competitive advantage by undervaluing its currency, this advantage was only temporary
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HOW FORCES THAT DRIVE THE MOBILE INDUSTRY'S GROWTH
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The telecom industry is rapid evolving, shaped by the evolution of technology and light-speed innovation. It is also an industry that is constantly redefining itself.
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ISSUES AND OPPORTUNITIES OF THE INDIAN TELECOM INDUSTRY
The Indian telecom industry has come a long way since its liberalisation era. The industry has witnessed exponential growth especially in the wireless segment in the last few years. The plethora of telecom services evolved over the years, ranging from basic telephony to voice, video and data services, Wimax, WLAN and VPN, and bandwidth on demand to virtual private networks have catalysed revolutionary changes in the business operations for the service sector.
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ISSUES FACED BY THE INDUSTRY
Rapidly Falling ARPU Lack of Telecom Infrastructure Rural Areas Continue to Remain Under
Penetrated Excessive Competition Price War Between the Service Providers
Putting Pressure on Margins Spectrum Allocation Regulatory Charges Lower Broadband Penetration
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OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE INDUSTRY
Rural Telephony – Connecting the Real India 3G Services – Potential Growth Driver Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave
Access (WiMAX) – Reaching the Last Mile Mobile Value Added Service (MVAS) – An
Opportunity to Increase the ARPU Infrastructure Sharing – A Profitable
Proposition Managed Service – Outsourcing in Telecom
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MOBILE WIMAX
Sprint claims that Xohm's typical speeds will be in the 2Mbit/sec. to 4Mbit/sec. range.
It has said its WiMax offering will be priced similarly to DSL and cable access,
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NFC
NFC or Near Field Communication is a short range high frequency wireless communication technology.
A radio communication is established by touching the two phones or keeping them in a proximity of a few centimeters.
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USE OF NFC
NFC applications can be split into the following three basic categories:
Touch and Go Touch and Confirm Touch and Connect
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TOUCH AND CONFIRM
Applications such as mobile payment where the user has to confirm the interaction by entering a password or just accepting the transaction.
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TOUCH AND GO
Applications such as access control or transport/event ticketing, where the user needs only to bring the device storing the ticket or access code close to the reader. Example for picking up an Internet URL from a smart label on a poster
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TOUCH AND CONNECT
Linking two NFC-enabled devices to enable peer to peer transfer of data such as downloading music, exchanging images or synchronizing address books.
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FIVE MAIN FORCES SHAPE THE FUTURE OF TELECOMS
Mobile Money Machine to Machine Cloud offerings Over The Top (OTT) players LTE
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