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Remote FT-IR Measurements of Volcanic Gas Chemistry in the Plume of Asama Volcano

Toshiya MORI�and Kenji NOTSU�

Remote FT-IR measurements for volcanic gas chemistry were carried out twice before and four times after

the ,**. Asama eruptions. In these measurements, solar infrared light scattered by higher clouds or plumes was

used as a light source for the FT-IR absorption measurements. We have successfully detected - volcanic gas

components, SO,, HCl and HF, in the observed spectra. The HCl/SO, ratios observed after the onset of the ,**.Asama eruptions were between *.+1 and *.,*, which are probably reflecting the ratios not influenced by any

hydrothermal interactions. In contrast, the HCl/SO, ratios before the eruptions were slightly lower than those

after the eruptions. The slight increase in the ratio from pre-eruptive to post-eruptive periods suggests that the

hydrothermal or groundwater impact to the volcanic gas emitting system was small even three years before the

eruptions. The observed HF/HCl ratios before the eruptions and in March ,**/ were about *.+, whereas the

ratios were higher, over *.+3, during the high activity period from mid-September to October ,**.. During the

continuous ash emitting eruptions on September +0, ,**., exceptionally low HF/HCl ratio of *.*- was observed.

The HF column amount on this day was probably under detection limit, possibly due to HF depletion caused by

adsorption on dense ash in the plume.

Key words : FT-IR, volcanic gas, remote measurement, Asama volcano

+� � � ���������� !"#$%&'()*+,�-.,/0� 123456789�:;<= �>?�FT-IR,@A� BCD0EFGHI�J� KL��MN#� +�,OJ SO, � +��PQ�'(MNRI(Notsu et al., +33-)S +33*�T+33/��UVWXY�Z�%&� [\]2^�_`ab�89:c,/0� ]2^dG;efH*����� g'(�hF� SO,,HCl� ,���ij�klmn'(&JoD0�p/I (Mori et al., +33-)��qr#&� st���M FT-

IR�uE/I����vwx�� g'(BhyH*"z&{RIS SO,,HClPQM{t� SiF. (Francis et

al., +330), CO �|}� +331�� CO,, COS (Mori and

Notsu, +331), HF (Love et al., +332 ; Francis et al., +332),

H,O (Burton et al., ,***)�~= 2����������'(B FT-IR�EF0hyH*"z&{RIS ��?� FT-IR�EFI�����'���J�/t� ��MJ� FT-IR�EFI g'(&"R0�����vwx���%5v���&��BMO*"z&{R0OI �Horrocks et al., +333 ; |}� +333 ; Du#ell et al.,

,**- ; Allard et al., ,**/�S FT-IR�EFI���� g�'�'(!�&�F0J Oppenheimer et al. (+332)&�/FS

FT-IR�EFI����� g'(MJ� '(-�,{*���� �Z��Z�� ��&"*89:�ij�'()*S ��ID&J�'��MN* FT-IRdG�0� -������?!&89:cB��&{*S �'&uEMO*89:c,/0J� Z����_`�a(Mori et al., +33/)� Ze�?�[\]2^ab (Mori et

al., +33-)� ��89:c (Francis et al., +33/)���:(Francis et al., +332 ; Love et al., +332)B��GH*S uEMO*:cJ� �H�H���� ¡� Z�� �¢�£��¤¥{¦&§Ot¨©)*�M� �'&ªIR0

�«++-�**-- ¬­®¯­°±² 1�-�+¬­§w§w³�w´µ¶·�¸vw¹º»¼Laboratory for Earthquake Chemistry, Graduate

School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 1�-�+Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo ++-�**--, Japan.

Corresponding author : Toshiya Mori

e-mail : [email protected]

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diation Transfer Model) (e.g., Clough et al., +33, ; Clough

and Iacono, +33/)\�6fy-ª«'��\�Ls���&'�²B��³´o§¨�h���� µFCT�������� >SO, HCl\HF? �xz� ()�¶�O�{·�¥@�� SO,� ,,.,*¸,,/3* cmv+�{·

Fig. +. FT-IR system used in volcanic gas mea-

surements at Asama volcano. The photo shows

the system at the parking area on Onioshi

Highway (B in Fig. ,) on October +, ,**..The slope on the right side of the photo

corresponds to the flank of Asama volcano.

Mt. Koasama is to the left of the slope.

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�«¬����� 5�S¡¢v£>��HCl, HF�¯

Fig. ,. Map of Asama volcano showing locations of

the FT-IR measurements (circled letters). A :

parking area of Asama Volcano Museum, B:

parking area on Onioshi Highway, C : Asama

Volcano Observatory, D: Manzanbo lookout.

Contour lines have +**m spacing.

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**�� +/ : /*���G +-�89������9%� �� �� -�������� GHCl�SO,\��A���� HF�HCl\������ ' ���XY[K=@����j�j���6�G �����D�' �� +*��������P��`A �m¡� HCl�SO,\�HF�HCl\�LM��

*.+-¢*.*+� *.++¢*.*+�Ar� ,***N ++O89QR�£¤�{  �6�'

Fig. -. Example of an observed spectrum collected

on Mach +*, ,**/. Three bars above the spec-

trum show the wavenumber ranges used for

spectral analyses for SO,, HCl and HF, re-

spectively.

Fig. .. Example spectra in the wavenumber ranges

for (a) SO,, (b) HCl and (c) HF spectral

analyses. Wavenumber ranges in a,, b, and c,correspond to those of the three bars shown in

Fig. -, and dotted and solid thin lines are

observed spectrum and the model spectrum

obtained by non-linear least-squares regression

method, respectively. Spectra shown in a+, b+and c+ are transmittance of SO,, HCl and HF,

respectively.

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Table +��� ������ SO,�� �������������� SO,�� ������ ������������ !"#$� %����&'�()��*+�� ,-� ./0#12�345��6�78���-9����:;<=� �>?� ,**.@ 3

A +0���BC�� D� SO, �� �# +,.** ppmm

C� E�����FG�HIJKL�M<NO4���N� !=�� ���PCQR�-�6�� 12�STU��B4V�--W� 12478���X�#Y�� SO,�� �#M<� �-"Z>[=� \��,**.@ +*A +����C�D�# +*,1** ppmmC� ]�L�^N SO,�� �4_`� !=�� ���-./0#� abCcd�e#�-124fg�6�78���--W� 12h�0�i�#j� k� %�$lSO,�� �#��� �--W"Z>[=�

FT-IRC���-&'mn�� 123C�cop�qrstou�vw4x�Nyz{#�� 123�cop#qr�-"�� �&'n$#|}L�~�s���=?� 123�&'mn#��k69[C�� D�� FT-IR�����'�B"��������4H��-��C� F�ClH��C\��-#� Cl�SH� FT-IR��#^NO4��- (Aiuppa et al., ,**.)�-l�� !�"����������� Cl�SH� Cl"�����"�HC�k� HCl/(SO,�H,S)H�K���\�� FT-IRC�H,S��(C��N N�C� Cl�SH�HCl�SO,H�K��� !������� �B�� Cl�SH��N�� HCl/(SO,�H,S)H"HCl�SO,H��N����"F��[=�N (Aiuppa

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Table +. Results of the 0 FT-IR measurements carried out before and after the ,**. eruptions.

Fig. /. Gas column amounts plots for March +*,,**/ observation. (a) HCl vs. SO,, (b) HF vs.

HCl. The best-fit regression lines are shown,

and their gradients correspond to the gas con-

centration ratios in Table +.

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