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Have you ever :
Tried to take a super heavy object up a flight of stairs ? WHAT HAPPENED
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Have you ever
Tried to cut a cake with out a knife?
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Have you ever
tried to unscrew a nut, bolt, or screw from something with your bare hands and discovered that it was just too tight to loosen even if you had a good grip?
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Have you ever
Tried raise the blinds in your house without the strings?
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Simple Machines
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Machines are tools that make tasks easier.
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All machines are built using one or more simple machines.
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Simple machines are tools used to make work easier.
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You have probably used some simple machines, but did not realize that they were actually
called simple machines!
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Simple machines do not make less work; they just make it easier
to do work.
It would be hard to cut this wood without the saw!
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The 6 Simple Machines
LeverPulley Wheel and Axle
WedgeScrewInclined Plane
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There are 6 different types of simple machines:
•(1)lever
•(2)screw
•(3)pulley
• (4)wheel & axle
• (5)inclined plane
• (6)wedge
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(1) LEVER
A lever is a stiff bar that moves about a fixed point (fulcrum).
A lever is used to push, pull, or lift things.
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A shovel is an example of a lever.
A seesaw is another example of a lever.
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(2) SCREW
A screw is an inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder or cone.
A common use of the screw is to hold objects together.
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A jar lid and a wood screw are examples of a screw.
So far we have learned about 2 types of simple machines: levers & screws….
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(3) PULLEYA pulley is a wheel that has a rope
wrapped around it.
Pulleys can be used to lift heavy objects by changing the direction
or amount of the force.
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A flagpole uses a pulley to raise the flag.
Now we have learned about 3 types of simple machines: levers, screws, and pulleys…..
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(4) WHEEL & AXLE
A wheel & axle consists of a rod attached to a wheel.
A wheel & axle makes it easier to move or turn things.
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A bicycle wheel, roller skates, and a doorknob are all examples of a wheel
& axle.
We now know about 4 types of simple machines: levers, screws, pulleys, and wheels & axles.
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(5) INCLINED PLANEAn inclined plane is a flat surface
that is raised so that one end is higher than the other.
An inclined plane helps move heavy objects up or down.
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A ramp is an example of an inclined plane.
Let’s add inclined plane to our list of simple machines (along with levers, screws, pulleys, and wheels & axles).
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(6) WEDGEA wedge is wide at one end and
pointed at the other to help cut or split other objects.
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Examples of wedges: a knife or an ax
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Now you know about the 6 types of simple machines:
(1) LEVER
(2) SCREW
(6) WEDGE
(3) PULLEY
(4) WHEEL & AXLE
(5) INCLINED
PLANE
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These simple machines make work easier!
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Can you think of other examples of pulleys?
• Did you say either of these:
A pulley that raises and lowers blinds.
The pulley that raises and lowers the flag on a flagpole.
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A lever is a type of simple machine.
• A lever uses force to move something.
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Here are some examples of levers.
bottle opener seesaw
toilet flusher
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Can you think of other examples of levers?
• Did you say either or these?
crowbarscissors
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A wheel and axle is a type of simple machine.
• The axle is the rod that holds the wheels together.
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Here are some examples of wheel and axles.
rolling pin pencil sharpener
ferris wheel
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Can you think of other examples of wheel and axels?
Did you say any of these?
bicycle
skates
wagon
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The inclined plane is a simple machine.
• An inclined plane is a slanted surface that can be used to raise or lower things.
• An inclined plane does not move.
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These are some examples of inclined planes.
wheelchair ramp boatramp hatchet
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Can you think of other examples of inclined planes?
• Did you say any of these?
dump truck ladder rollercoaster
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A wedge is a type of simple machine.
• A wedge is two inclined planes that are back to back.
• The difference between an inclined plane is that it does its work by staying still, while a wedge moves.
• Wedges hold things together or split things apart.
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These are some examples of wedges.
A fork and a knifescrewdriver
golf club
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Can you think of other examples of wedges?
• Did you say any of these?
nailteeth
ship
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A screw is a type of simple machine.
• A screw is an inclined plane that is wrapped around a cylinder with a flat head on one end.
• This head is used to turn or drive the screw into something.
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These are some examples of wedges.
swivel stool
bottle lids
corkscrew
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Can you think of other examples of screws?
• Did you say any of these?
door lock
light bulb
clamp
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As you can see, our world is made up of many simple machines. You can find examples any place you
look.
• Simple machines solve the problem of how to do work faster and easier.
• Maybe you can invent a machine that will make some job faster and easier.
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Pulleys
• Pulley are wheels and axles with a groove around the outside
• A pulley needs a rope, chain or belt around the groove to make it do work
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Diagrams of Pulleys
Fixed pulley: A fixed pulley changes the direction of a force; however, it does not create a mechanical advantage.
Movable Pulley: The mechanical advantage of a moveable pulley is equal to the number of ropes that support the moveable pulley.
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COMBINED PULLEY
• The effort needed to lift the load is less than half the weight of the load.
• The main disadvantage is it travels a very long distance.
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Fulcrum
Lever
Load
Click Here to Learn More
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Click on the dude to learn more.
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A screw is an inclined plane wrapped around a post. Click on the light bulb to learn more.
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Two inclined planes make a wedge.
Try to catch the saw to learn more.
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Axle
Wheel
Click on the windmill to learn more.
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Wheel
Rope This box is easier to lift because of the pulley. Click on it to learn more.