Download - Hazard Communication
Hazard Communication
Brodie LoushinPayneWest
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The Purpose of the Hazard Communication Standard (HCS)
1. Reduce illness and injuries related to hazardous chemical exposures
2. Evaluate hazardous chemical usage and storage at our facilities
3. Communicate information to employees, emergency responders, and contractors about the hazardous chemicals used at, or brought into, our facilities
4. Reduce quantities of hazardous waste disposal fees due to unused products left at or past their prime use condition
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WORKPLACE CHEMICALSPut Everyone At Risk
Employees are exposed to hazardous chemicals everyday!
NIOSH research indicates that up to 50% of asthma patients have exacerbated pre-existing asthma through exposure to workplace chemicals.
Acute ExposureChronic Exposure
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Common Chemical Exposures
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Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) • Developed by Chemical manufacturers and
importers• Distributors transfer to customers • Includes information regarding hazards
associated with the product• Employers maintain a copy onsite
• Electronic or hard copies of MSDS must be reasonably available
• MSDS records must be maintained for 30 years after the product has been used.
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Required by law except for:◦ Food◦ Drugs◦ Cosmetics◦ Tobacco or tobacco products◦ Wood or wood products
Treated wood or wood intended for subsequent cutting/dust generation is not exempt
◦ Biological hazards◦ Nuisance particulates◦ Ionizing and non-ionizing radiation◦ Over the shelf products in quantities a consumer would have – AKA
one or two bottles◦ Hazardous waste covered by RCRA◦ Hazardous substances covered by CERCLA (removed/remediated
substances)
Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
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Must include some basic information◦ Name, address and phone number of the manufacturer◦ Identity used on the label◦ Chemical and common name◦ Physical and chemical characteristics◦ Physical hazards◦ Primary route of entry◦ PEL/TLV◦ If it is a carcinogen◦ Safe handling procedures◦ Control measures◦ Emergency & first aid information◦ Date of preparation
MSDS
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Name, address and phone number of manufacturerIdentity use on the label
Chemical names of ingredients
Emergency and First Aid
Date of preparation
Carcinogen information
Physical Hazards
Primary route of entry
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PEL/TLV
Control measures
Safe handling precautions
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More control procedures
Physical/chemical characteristics
Environmental
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Labeling
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Beatty Gulch Tanks
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What does it all mean? Don’t swallow it
◦ If you do, don’t vomit Don’t spray it in your
eyes◦ If you do flush with water◦ Best to look at the direction
of the arrow on top of spray button
Don’t use in confined spaces without proper ventilation
Avoid skin contact◦ If you do, wash with soap
and water
It is flammable◦ Don’t store it by the furnace◦ Don’t spray it into the flames◦ Don’t let it touch the battery
terminals◦ An ABC extinguisher is fine to
extinguish a fire Leaking cans
◦ Put them in a bucket until pressure is dispersed
◦ Clean up any spills with pig pads
Store in flammable cabinet ◦ In vehicles care should be
taken to not store in direct sun and avoid temps over 120o
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Caution Consider how the manufacturer intended the
product to be used◦ Fertilizer used in small quantities is not harmful to
plants Consider the quantity of the product being used
◦ One can of WD-40 verses a facility where they are manufacturing the cans of WD-40
Consider the controls in place when using the product◦ Natural gas is a hazard when not controlled by design.
We cook our food and heat our homes safely when natural gas is controlled.
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Chemical inventory Hazard evaluation Communication of hazards to employees
and contractors Labeling of containers including piping
systems Training
Implementing Hazard Communication Programs
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Chemical Groups Solvents, Strippers, and Degreasers Paints, Coatings, and Resins Adhesives, Sealants, and Cement Pesticides, Insecticides and Herbicides Fuels and Fuel Additives Lubricants, Hydraulic and Cutting Fluids Cleaners and Detergents Compressed Gas Insulating Materials, Abrasives and Packing Corrosives Coolants Metals and Fluxes for Welding and Melting Other Chemicals and Specialty Chemicals Water Treatment Chemicals
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By reading the MSDS a hazard evaluation can take place based on the chemicals in the product and how it is used
Use the MSDSonline system to identify hazard warning labels on secondary containers
Monitoring can also be used to evaluate exposure risks
Hazard Evaluation
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Identification of chemical Warning labels Name and address of
manufacturer/distributor Legible In English Prominently displayed Secondary containers
Labeling
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Must be labeled unless◦ Immediately used by person making transfer◦ Under the control of the person making the transfer
Examples:◦ Transfer paint from a five gallon container to a quart
sized container for quick paint touch up activities Quart must be labeled unless product is used up at the
end of the workday or when not under the control of the employee who transferred it
◦ Transfer five gallons of oil from a 55 gallon barrel Five gallon container must be labeled
Secondary Containers
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Understand hazards of chemicals you are exposed to
Understand the MSDS Understand your responsibilities to
communicate hazards to others Understand your responsibilities to label
containers and piping systems Understand what is required on a label Understand the company’s electronic MSDS
system
Training
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BreakGHS next
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What is the GHS? GHS is a world-wide standardized approach to
hazard communication◦ supported by the United Nations and regulatory
agencies around the globe, including OSHA. GHS can be summarized into three main
components: ◦ Standardized hazardous chemical classifications◦ Standardized hazard warnings and symbols on
container labels◦ Standardized MSDS format and content (SDS)
Globally Harmonized System (GHS)
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What is the phase-in period? December 1, 2013: Employers required to train
employees on the new label elements and safety data sheet (SDS) format.
June 1, 2015: Chemical manufacturers, importers, distributors and employers required to be in compliance with all modified provisions of this final rule, except:
December 1, 2015: The Distributor shall not ship containers labeled by the chemical manufacturer or importer unless it is a GHS label
GHS Phase-in Period
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June 1, 2016: Employers required to update alternative workplace labeling and hazard communication program as necessary, and provide additional employee training for newly identified physical or health hazards.
During the phase-in period, employers are required to be in compliance with either the existing Hazard Communication Standard (HCS) or the revised HCS, or both. ◦ OSHA recognizes there will be a period of time where labels and
SDSs under both standards will be present in the workplace. ◦ This will be considered acceptable, and employers are not
required to maintain two sets of labels and SDSs for compliance purposes.
GHS Phase-in Period cont’d
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Hazard classification: The current HCS is a performance-oriented approach that provides parameters for the evaluation, but not specific, detailed criteria. The revised HCS has specific criteria for each health and physical hazard, along with detailed instructions for hazard evaluation and determinations as to whether mixtures or substances are covered.
Labels: Chemical manufacturers and importers will be required to provide a label that includes a harmonized signal word, pictogram, and hazard statement for each hazard class and category. Precautionary statements must also be provided.
Safety Data Sheets: Will now have a specified 16-section format.
GHS: Three major areas of change
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Three main hazard classifications:◦ Physical Hazards◦ Health Hazards◦ Environmental Hazards
GHS: Hazard Classification
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Physical Hazards: Explosives Flammable Gases Flammable Aerosols Oxidizing Gases Gases Under Pressure Flammable Liquids Flammable Solids Self-Reactive
Substances Pyrophoric Liquids Pyrophoric Solids
GHS: Hazard Classification
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Self-Heating Substances Substances which, in
contact with water emit flammable gases
Oxidizing Liquids Oxidizing Solids Organic Peroxides Corrosive to Metals
Health Hazards◦ Acute Toxicity ◦ Skin Corrosion/Irritation ◦ Serious Eye Damage/Eye Irritation ◦ Respiratory or Skin Sensitization ◦ Germ Cell Mutagenicity ◦ Carcinogenicity ◦ Reproductive Toxicology ◦ Target Organ Systemic Toxicity - Single Exposure ◦ Target Organ Systemic Toxicity - Repeated Exposure ◦ Aspiration Toxicity
GHS: Hazard Classification
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Environmental Hazards◦ Hazardous to the Aquatic Environment
Acute aquatic toxicity Chronic aquatic toxicity
Bioaccumulation potential Rapid degradability
Environmental hazards are not within OSHA's jurisdiction
GHS: Hazard Classification
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How will labels change? Pictogram: a symbol plus other graphic elements, such as a border,
background pattern, or color that is intended to convey specific information about the hazards of a chemical. Each pictogram consists of a different symbol on a white background within a red square frame set on a point (i.e. a red diamond). There are nine pictograms under the GHS. However, only eight pictograms are required under the HCS.
Signal words: a single word used to indicate the relative level of severity of hazard and alert the reader to a potential hazard on the label. The signal words used are "danger" and "warning." "Danger" is used for the more severe hazards, while "warning" is used for less severe hazards.
Hazard Statement: a statement assigned to a hazard class and category that describes the nature of the hazard(s) of a chemical, including, where appropriate, the degree of hazard. Example: Fatal if swallowed
Precautionary Statement: a phrase that describes recommended measures to be taken to minimize or prevent adverse effects resulting from exposure to a hazardous chemical, or improper storage or handling of a hazardous chemical. Addresses prevention, response, storage, disposal.
GHS: Labels
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Prevention◦ Wash hands thoroughly after handling
Response◦ If swallowed: Immediately call a poison
center/doctor
Storage◦ Store in well-ventilated place. Keep cool.◦ Store locked up
Disposal◦ Dispose of content/container in accordance with
local/regional/national/international regulations
Precautionary Statement Examples
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Health Hazard Flame Exclamation Mark
• Carcinogen• Mutagenicity• Reproductive Toxicity• Respiratory Sensitizer• Target Organ Toxicity• Aspiration Toxicity
• Flammables• Pyrophorics• Self-Heating• Emits Flammable Gas• Self-Reactives• Organic Peroxides
• Irritant (skin and eye)• Skin Sensitizer• Acute Toxicity (harmful)• Narcotic Effects• Respiratory Tract Irritant• Hazardous to Ozone
Layer (Non Mandatory) Gas Cylinder Corrosion Exploding Bomb
• Gases under Pressure • Skin Corrosion/burns• Eye Damage• Corrosive to Metals
• Explosives• Self-Reactives• Organic Peroxides
Flame over Circle Environment(Non Mandatory)
Skull and Crossbones
• Oxidizers • Aquatic Toxicity • Acute Toxicity (fatal or toxic)
GHS: Label Pictograms
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Q. Can I use a black border on pictograms for domestic shipment?
A. Under the revised Hazard Communication Standard (HCS), pictograms must have red borders. ◦ OSHA believes that the use of the red frame will increase
recognition and comprehensibility. Therefore, the red frame is required regardless of whether the shipment is domestic or international.
GHS: Labels
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Q. Will OSHA allow blank red borders?
A. The revised HCS requires that all red borders printed on the label have a symbol printed inside it. ◦ If OSHA were to allow blank red borders, workers may be
confused about what they mean and concerned that some information is missing.
◦ OSHA has determined that prohibiting the use of blank red borders on labels is necessary to provide the maximum recognition and impact of warning labels and to ensure that users do not get desensitized to the warnings placed on labels.
GHS: Labels
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Q. When must label information be updated? A. In the revised HCS, OSHA is lifting the stay on
enforcement regarding the provision to update labels when new information on hazards becomes available. ◦ Chemical manufacturers, importers, distributors, or employers
who become newly aware of any significant information regarding the hazards of a chemical shall revise the labels for the chemical within six months of becoming aware of the new information, and shall ensure that labels on containers of hazardous chemicals shipped after that time contain the new information.
◦ If the chemical is not currently produced or imported, the chemical manufacturer, importer, distributor, or employer shall add the information to the label before the chemical is shipped or introduced into the workplace again.
GHS: Labels
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Q. How will workplace labeling provisions be changing under the revised Hazard Communication Standard?
A. The current standard provides employers with flexibility regarding the type of system to be used in their workplaces and OSHA has retained that flexibility in the revised HCS.◦ Employers may choose to label workplace containers either with
the same label that would be on shipped containers for the chemical under the revised rule, or with label alternatives that meet the requirements for the standard.
◦ Alternative labeling systems such as the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 704 Hazard Rating and the Hazardous Material Information System (HMIS) are permitted for workplace containers. However, the information supplied on these labels must be consistent
with the revised HCS, e.g., no conflicting hazard warnings or pictograms.
GHS: Labels
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The format of the 16-section SDS should include the following sections:◦ Section 1. Identification ◦ Section 2. Hazard(s) identification ◦ Section 3. Composition/information on ingredients ◦ Section 4. First-Aid measures ◦ Section 5. Fire-fighting measures ◦ Section 6. Accidental release measures ◦ Section 7. Handling and storage ◦ Section 8. Exposure controls/personal protection ◦ Section 9. Physical and chemical properties ◦ Section 10. Stability and reactivity ◦ Section 11. Toxicological information ◦ Section 12. Ecological information ◦ Section 13. Disposal considerations ◦ Section 14. Transport information ◦ Section 15. Regulatory information ◦ Section 16. Other information, including date of preparation or last revision
GHS: Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
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Questions?
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Hazard Communication QuizQuestion 1
How can you access a MSDS for a product?
A. Notebook on Shelf B. Internet C. Safety Specialist D. All of the above
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Hazard Communication QuizQuestion 2
Why should containers be labeled?
A. It is a regulatory requirementB. They look niceC. Everyone will know what it containsD. A and C
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Hazard Communication QuizQuestion 3
What is the most common chemical that you are potentially exposed to on the job?
A. OilB. Welding fumeC. MethaneD. Solvent
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Question 4
True or False1. A label must be legible.2. The manufacturer’s name and address
must be on the secondary container label.3. Piping systems are exempt from the
Hazard Communication Standard.
Hazard Communication Quiz
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Question 5
True or False1. The GHS is a world-wide standardized approach to
hazard communication.2. The GHS stands for Globally Harmed Situation.3. The GHS will standardize hazardous chemical
classifications. 4. The GHS will standardize hazard warnings and
symbols on container labels.5. The MSDS format and content will not change.
Hazard Communication Quiz
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Question 6
During the GHS phase-in period, what is required to be completed by: ◦ December 1, 2013◦ June 1, 2015◦ December 1, 2015◦ June 2, 2016
Hazard Communication Quiz
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Question 7 Can I use a black border on pictograms for
domestic shipment?
Question 8 Will OSHA allow blank red borders?
Question 9 How many sections are required for the SDS?
Hazard Communication Quiz
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Match the Pictogram to the appropriate title
Hazard Communication Quiz
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1. _____ a. Irritant
2. _____ b. Flammable
3. _____ c. Compressed Gases
4. _____ d. Corrosive
5. _____ e. Health Hazard
6. _____ f. Acute Toxicity
7. _____ g. Environmental Hazards
8. _____ h. Oxidizer
9. _____ i. Explosives
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