HERA European Stakeholders Workshop: Brussels, Oct 2001 1
Environmental Risk Assessment
Progress and Lessons Learned
Kay FoxChair of the HERA Environmental Task Force
Human & Environmental Risk Assessment
HERA European Stakeholders Workshop: Brussels, Oct 2001 2
K. Fox Unilever (Chair)
A. Aarts Solutia I. Lopez Petresa C. Arregui HERA P. Masscheleyn P&G J. Backmann HERA C. Poelloth HERA A. Berends Solvay P. Richner CIBA G. Boeije P&G W. Schul BASFD. Calcinai Sasol J. Steber Henkel E. Cerbelaud Rhodia C. Stevens Dow Corning H. Certa Sasol R. Toy Shell Chemicals R. Elsmore McBride R. van Wijk Akzo Nobel V. Koch Clariant T. Wind Henkel
HERA Environment Task Force
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• 1a. To develop a methodology, based on the TGD, which is specifically tailored to household detergent and cleaning products– Transparent– Good science– Rapid and easy to use
• 1b. To carry out risk assessments, and to use them to improve the methodology
HERA Environment Goals
Speed
Quality
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HERA Environmental Risk Assessmentstarts with EU Technical Guidance Document for New and Existing substances EUSES
HERA
EnvironmentConclusions specific for European UsageAISE product categories
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Main focus on chemical substances used primarily in Household detergent and cleaning products
Focus on the use and disposalof these substances
Sewer Transport
Sewage Treatment
HERA
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Detergent exposure scenario for EUSES
• Begin with EUSES
– Environment• Local• Regional
– Predators exposed via the environment– Man exposed via the environment
TGD
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Detergent exposure scenario for EUSES
• Tiered Methodology– Begin with EUSES– Include the HERA Detergent Scenario
– Replace selected EUSES values if appropriate• Removal values in Sewage Treatment Plant• Often need Chronic ecotoxicity data
– Use all other EUSES initial values
HERA
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Detergent exposure scenario for EUSES
• EUSES assumes that– the local wastewater treatment plant receives 4 times the average ingredient input– the Standard EU region receives 10% of the total European product consumption
• HERA replaces these assumptions with measured values based on laundry detergent product consumption and environmental monitoring data - the HERA Detergent Scenario.
• product consumption and environmental monitoring data - the HERA Detergent Scenario.
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Regional Environmental Concentration
Standard EU Region
Production
Formulation
Use
20 million people
10% of EU Production
200 km
200 km
Release is based on Production
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Detergent Release scenario
Production
Formulation
Use
HERA Region
200 km
200 km
~100% of release Kg/person/year
HERA
Release is based on
population density
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Region Population Area, km2 # EU Regions Pop. DensityEntire EU 370000000 3560000 89 104Switzerland 7325000 39550 0.99 185Belgium 10213000 32820 0.82 311Paris, Picardie, U. Normandie 14500000 43000 1.08 337
The Netherlands 15739000 33920 0.85 464
EUSES Standard Region 20000000 40000 1.00 500
London and SE +E 20452000 39794 0.99 514Northrhine-Westphalia 17800000 34071 0.85 522
The HERA Detergent Scenario takesthe highest population density in Europe
HERA
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And the highest laundry detergent usage 1998 per capita detergent consumption
by country
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Finl
and
Sweden
Norway
Icel
and
Denm
ark
The
Nethe
rland
s
Austri
a
Germ
any
Switzer
land
Irela
nd UK
Europ
ean
Avera
ge
Greec
e
Belgi
um
Luxe
mbu
rg
Fran
ce
Portu
gal
Spain
Italy
kg
/pe
rso
n/y
ea
r
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To generate the maximum regional release for household laundry products
This is 7% of the European consumption volume
200 km
200 km
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• Product use and substance use data are expected to be similar, for most widely used household detergent and cleaning ingredients.
• Each HERA Substance Team will consider any areas of high regional usage for their substance, and will modify the HERA regional default if appropriate.
Fragrance F
HERA
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STD. EURegion
Local treatment plants
4TGD - Local plant
Release from LOCAL sewage treatment facility
A reasonable worst case treatment plantreceives 4 times the average load
EUSES
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Experimental dataHERA
Boron in effluents: 50 treatment plantsNL 7 Germany 6 Italy 3UK 34 plants
012
3456
78
0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2 2.4
Boron measured / Boron calculated
Fre
qu
ency
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
Frequency
Cumulative %
Comparison with sales shows 90% of sewage plantsreceive less than 1.5 times the boron sold in laundry detergent
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• HERA uses 1.5 times, not 4 times the average per capita consumption to determine a realistic worst case for the sewage treatment plant input.
• Each HERA Substance team will consider any areas of high local use and will modify this HERA value if appropriate.
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STD. EURegion
Summary - HERA Detergent Scenario
Region - 7%, not 10%of ingredient
1.5
Local sewage treatment - 1.5 is worst case, not 4.
100%, not 99%, of ingredient used goes to the local treatment facility
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So - How well does it work?
• As well as for boron and some surfactants, monitoring data are available for FWA-5– might be subject to local usage patterns
• FWA-5 data shows Hera Detergent Scenario is still conservative - i.e. predicts a higher environmental concentration than found experimentally.
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Lessons learned - Environment
• The HERA detergent scenario, based on measured data for boron in laundry detergent, works - as shown by FWA -5
• Production and Use data– HERA is identifying the data locations
within companies/organisations– HERA is building the network to deliver the
data we need
HERA
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Lessons learned - Environment
• Hazard data needs are often “higher tier”– Chronic or higher “non-SIDS” data
• Environmental exposure - more realistic data often needed– Sewage treatment plant removal data– Environmental monitoring data very helpful
HERA
HERA sponsor companies are aware
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Conclusions - Environment
• HERA is building a focussed Risk Assessment method– based on the EU TGD
– applicable to “HERA” products
• HERA is assembling the Network to deliver focussed risk assessments– good science– transparency– comparatively rapid, and easy to use
HERA
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Thanks!• To HERA for providing the Challenges!
• To the HERA Environment task force for help with the Solutions
• To ERASM and the Environment Agency for England and Wales for funding the boron monitoring work
• To the monitoring staff who collected the samples in all weathers!
• To you for listening!