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1Mar. 31, 2010, at ESTEC
High-Speed High-Resolution ADC with BISC
Bernardo Henriques, B. Vaz, N. Paulino *, J. Goes *, M. Rodrigues, P. Faria, R.
Monteiro, N. Penetra, T. Domingues
S3 Group, Portugal* Also with Universidade Nova de Lisboa
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2Mar. 31, 2010, at ESTEC
Key Project Objectives
New high-speed high-resolution ADC technology for communications, imaging, physics experiments and space applications
1. High Linearity: Resolution of 13-bits
2. High Speed: Sampling rate up to 80MS/s
3. Low-Power: below 120mW
4. Low-Cost: Standard 90nm CMOS manufacturing process from a pure-play foundry
5. High Reliability: Robustness against space radiation effects
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3Mar. 31, 2010, at ESTEC
Project Partners
S3 PortugalPrime ContractorADC, BISC Design, Prototype ImplementationSilicon Testing
Testing Support, Lab Equipment
Digital BISC, FPGA
Chip Fabrication via TSMC
Radiation Tests
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4Mar. 31, 2010, at ESTEC
Histogram-based BISC Algorithm
ADCWGN
FPGA
DataControl
Results
Micro-chip
Measuring the histogram spikes we are able to calculate its deviations from the ideal histogram and calculate the Calibration Codes.
Ideal HistogramReal Histogram
(Including ADC non-linearities)
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5Mar. 31, 2010, at ESTEC
ADC and BISC Modulation Software
Very large number of noise samples (2^30)
Impossible to test algorithm by means of electrical simulation.
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6Mar. 31, 2010, at ESTEC
Complete A/D system architecture
A 13-bit pipeline ADC is associated to a noise generator (WGN) and to a 16-bit PGA.
For flexibility in testing, an FPGA implements the calibration algorithm.
0]:OM[3
AVDD
AVSSVC
M
VREF
P
VREF
N
IREF
2
PVINS/H
BANDGAP
BIASING
VINN ADCBIT-13 0]:D[12
MODESOPERATING
DVD
D
DVS
S
AS1380abR
CLK
PC
LKN
CLK
TIMINGDCKO
OR
DF
CO
RR
ECTI
ON
D
IGIT
AL
PGA
0]:DST1[3
BUFFERSREFERENCE
FPGA
0]:DCAL[12
2
0]:PG
[15
UnitProcessing
Digital
INData
OUTData
16
4
AVD
DA
VSS
VCM
IREF
3VC
MW
WGNW
GO
1
WG
O2
IREF
4
WGN
IREF
1
To A
DC
Fl
ash
To A
DC
op
amps
0]:C
M[1
0]:CB[1
CF
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7Mar. 31, 2010, at ESTEC
Radiation Robustness by Design
Specification Effect in the circuit Hardening by Design Techniques Employed
TID
100krad Max. (Phase 1)
1000krad Max. (Phase 2)
VT change
Effect diminished has process geometries are reduced. Should not be very critical in 90nm technology.
Use high-Vt NMOS and standard-Vt PMOS devices. Design transistors with a lower VDsat voltage to improve
robustness to Vt variations. Calibrate the ADC offset.
TID
100krad Max. (Phase 1)
1000krad Max. (Phase 2)
Parasitic leakage current
Use P+ guard rings to separate different circuit in the layout.
Use enclosed layout transistors specially designed for this project by S3 Portugal.
SEL 70MeV.mg-1.cm2 Circuit latch-up Use large P+ guard rings to separate NMOS and PMOS
transistors. Use large N+ guard rings inside NWELLS.
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8Mar. 31, 2010, at ESTEC
ADC Design – Example of D Flip-Flop
No encloded transistors With encloded transistors.Area = 2.6X larger
D-Type Flip-Flop Circuit Layout
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9Mar. 31, 2010, at ESTEC
CoB assembly & PCB board for full performance evaluation at S3 Portugal labs
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10Mar. 31, 2010, at ESTEC
FPGA Board
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11Mar. 31, 2010, at ESTEC
CoB Assembly Test PCB + FPGA Board
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12Mar. 31, 2010, at ESTEC
Test Results (ADC Stand-Alone)
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13Mar. 31, 2010, at ESTEC
ADC Stand-Alone Silicon Tests
0
-10
-20
-30
-40
-50
-60
-70
-80
-90
-100
-110
0 5 10 15 20
AM
PLI
TUD
E (d
B)
ANALOG INPUT FREQUENCY (MHz)
SNR = 68.0dBSFDR = 81.6dBTHD = -80.2dBSINAD = 67.7dBENOB = 11.0-bit
FFT for 40MS/s and 1.2V at +27ºC, 50mW @1.2V
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14Mar. 31, 2010, at ESTEC
ADC Stand-Alone Silicon Tests
FFT for 80MS/s and 1.2V at +27ºC, 93mW @ 1.2V
0
-10
-20
-30
-40
-50
-60
-70
-80
-90
-100
-110
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
AM
PLI
TUD
E (d
B)
ANALOG INPUT FREQUENCY (MHz)
SNR = 66.1dBSFDR = 70.4dBTHD = -67.7dB SINAD = 63.8dBENOB = 10.3-bit
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15Mar. 31, 2010, at ESTEC
ADC Stand-Alone Silicon Tests
DNL, INL for 40MS/s and 1.2V at +27ºC
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16Mar. 31, 2010, at ESTEC
ADC Stand-Alone Silicon Tests
DNL, INL for 80MS/s and 1.2V at +27ºC
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17Mar. 31, 2010, at ESTEC
Test Results (ADC + BISC)
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18Mar. 31, 2010, at ESTEC
Measured results: WGN block
The 13-bit ADC was used to digitalize the WGN (GNG) noise at 80 MS/s, 20.8 million samples were collected at the outputs of the ADC and an histogram was computed. After statistical analysis, we found that both, the asymmetry and kurtosis coefficients are very close to the expected ideal values (zero).
Fs = 80 MS/s Unit
Mean 4148.0 LSB Offset 52.0 LSB
Standard-deviation, 1052.0 LSB Asymmetry coefficient 0.0000516 -
Kurtosis coefficient -0.0018050 -
Parameter Measured Results
20M samples digitized by ADC @80MS/s
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19Mar. 31, 2010, at ESTEC
Measured results: DNL/INL @ 80 MS/s
Calibration improves both characteristics and, after calibration, INL is bounded to ±1.5 LSB.
This limit is mainly imposed by the second stage in the pipelined chain (that corresponds to the first stage of the 10-bit back-end ADC) which has an 1.5-bit resolution and it is not
calibrated.
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20Mar. 31, 2010, at ESTEC
Measured results: FFTs @ 80 MS/s
SFDR is improved by 10dB to 74.6dB
THD is improved by 8.4dB to -72.7dB
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21Mar. 31, 2010, at ESTEC
Radiation Test Results
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22Mar. 31, 2010, at ESTEC
Key Goals for TRAD for Phase 2
Obtain similar ADC dynamic performance as obtained in S3 lab (above 10-bit ENOB) S3 designed the new PCB platform (mother and daugther board) targeting improved
performance
S3 provided SRS signal generator for sampling clock purposes
S3 provided input signal Band-Pass filter of 10.7MHz
Test up to 1000 krad (1076krad)
5 irradiated samples + 1 reference sample
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23Mar. 31, 2010, at ESTEC
TRAD Phase 2Chip On-Board Assembly
+ PCB designed by S3
= improved test results by TRAD
= over 2x better performance (over 9-bit ENOB)
Daughter Board
Mother Board
DUT with CoB
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24Mar. 31, 2010, at ESTEC
TRAD Phase 2Chip On-Board Assembly
+ PCB designed by S3
+ test equipment (filter, clock gen) provided by S3
= high performance test results by TRAD
= over 4x better performance (over 10-bit ENOB)
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25Mar. 31, 2010, at ESTEC
Phase 2 – TRAD Test Platform
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26Mar. 31, 2010, at ESTEC
Phase 2 – TRAD Test Platform
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27Mar. 31, 2010, at ESTEC
Phase 2 – TRAD Test Lab
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28Mar. 31, 2010, at ESTEC
TID Radiation Tests Phase 2
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29Mar. 31, 2010, at ESTEC
TID Radiation Tests Phase 2
ENOB Measurements by TRAD, at 80MS/s, 1 ref + 5 samples, up to 1076krad
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30Mar. 31, 2010, at ESTEC
Summary of Measured Results