Hispanic Labor in the Swine Industry… a Thing of the Past?
World Pork Expo
June 4th, 2009
Orlando Gil Training Connections-Translation Services
“Helping Bridge the Gap with the Latino Workforce in
the Agricultural Industry”
Why This Topic?
Labor shortage predicted?
Aging of America 76 million baby boomers reaching
retirement age?
On-going evaluation of alternative labor options?
# of Lost Jobs
US Bureau of Labor Statistics
-741,000
-539,000
-699,000-681,000
-800,000
-700,000
-600,000
-500,000
-400,000
-300,000
-200,000
-100,000
0
January February March April
Unemployment Rates
Jan08-Apr09
15.0%
13.3%13.4%12.6%
11.9%
11.3%11.3%11.4%10.7%
9.9%9.4%
9.7%8.8%9.0%8.4%
9.2%
11.3%
11.4%10.9%
9.7%9.2%
8.6%8.8%
7.9%8.1%7.5%7.7%
7.0%7.0%7.0%6.3%6.5%
8.0%
7.9%7.3%
6.9%6.6%6.2%6.0%
5.5%5.5%5.2%5.0%4.9%
4.4%4.5%4.4%4.4%
0.0%
2.0%
4.0%
6.0%
8.0%
10.0%
12.0%
14.0%
16.0%
January
February
March
April M
ayJune
July
August
Septem
ber
October
Novem
ber
Decemb
er
January
February
March
April
Black
Latino
White
Source: Labor Bureau April 09
New Entrants to Labor ForceJan-Dec 2008
54%
9%
37%
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
Total Labor Force Latino Black White
% of New Labor Mkt Entrants
Civilian Workforce In Thousands
Source: National Council of La Raza 09
Labor Shortagein Swine Industry
Age 25-30
1990 – 26.7% 2000 – 17.8%
2005 – 14.8%
Decrease of 44.5% in 15 yrs
How do we deal with the shortage?
Survey by NPB 2005
Average Age of Principal Operator
46
48
50
52
54
56
58
1978 1982 1987 1992 1997 2002 2007
USDA 2007
Who is Going to Care for These Pigs?
Labor Shortage…
We need someone that can do the work!
We need someone that is willing to do the work!
Some of the Labor Challenges in Production Agriculture…
Distance to work location – transportation costs, time
Dirty job, physical
Long hours
Holidays, weekends
Hot/cold environments
Mainstream perception
What Are Some of The Options?
Labor options Mature workers
Young workers
Physically challenged
Immigrant work force Hispanics
Hispanic Workforce…
A Solution to a Growing Challenge?
Why Consider Hispanics?
1) Change in demographics
2) Change in demographics
3) Change in demographics
Demographic Changes
Diversity has increased
More women and minority operators
More operators working off-farm
Farmers continue to get older
16
14.622.4
35.3
47.8
59.7
73.0
87.6
102.6
9.6
1970 1980 1990 2000 2010* 2020* 2030* 2040* 2050*
Population in millions
Hispanic Population in the United
States: 1970 to 2050
*Projected Population as of July 1
Projections*Census
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 1970, 1980, 1990, and 2000 Decennial Censuses; Population Projections, July 1, 2010 to July 1, 2050
US Census Bureau 2006
17
18
19
20
21
Hispanic Demographics
Largest minority in the United States
More than 45 million strong and growing
~15.1% of total population 1 out of every 3 workers entering workforce
Will reach 132.8 million by 2050 More than 30% of total population
More than 55% of its workers
Source: Pew Hispanic Center 2008
Population Trends for USA
438 million in 2050 – USA will grow 48%
82% increase due to immigrants and their US descendants
1 in 5 will be an immigrant
Whites will become minority (47%)
Nation‟s elderly will double in size
By 2025, 1 out of 2 people born will be Hispanic
Source: US Census Bureau 2008
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2006
U.S. Population Annual Growth Rate 2000-2006
1.1%
4.1%
1.3%
3.0%
Total U.S. Hispanic African-American Asian-American
Fastest Growth Rates in the Country
Why Consider Hispanics?
United States built on immigration
Immigration direction East to west
South to north
Melting Pot Vs. Salad Bowl?
English
Germans
Irish
Swedish
Norwegians
Polish
Hispanics
Melting Pot Vs. Salad Bowl?
English
Germans
Irish
Swedish
Norwegians
Polish
Hispanics
HispanicMedian Age: 27.6
HH Size: 3.5
Total U.S.Median Age: 36.6
HH Size: 2.6
Source: Census, American Community Survey, 2007
Hispanics Have Younger & Larger Families
Tanner José
Ernesto José
Orlando José Sr.
Ricardo José
Alfredo José
Orlando José Jr.
Carlos José
José Rafael
Garrett José
Herman José
Blanca Josefina
Neco José
Nina Josefina
Oreo José
Bento José
Perpetua Josefina
With more than 45 Million Hispanics, U.S. is Now 2nd Largest Latin American ‘Country’ in the World
Hispanic Population in the World Mexico – 108.2 million
USA – 45.5 million
Spain – 40.4 million
Colombia – 43 million
Argentina – 39 million
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2008
Where are we from?
South American Argentine Bolivian Chilean Colombian Ecuadorian Paraguayan Peruvian Uruguayan Venezuelan
Central American Costa Rican Guatemalan Honduran Nicaraguan Panamanian Salvadorian
Other Hispanic
3%
Puerto Rican
9%
South American,
5%
Cuban
4%
Central American
9%
Mexican
67%
Dominican
3%
Understanding Hispanics…
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2006
Reasons Why HispanicsAre Coming to the USA… Opportunities The American dream
Economics Poverty
Looking for a better life Money
Family in the U.S.
Political situation in country of origin
Will We Stay?
1st Generation Hispanics Will they go back to die in country of origin?
2nd Generation Hispanics May go back to see “what‟s the big deal”
Will some stay?
3rd Generation and beyond Why would we want to go back?
Fluency in the English Language
1st Generation – 23%
2nd Generation – 88%
3rd+ Generation – 94%
Pew Hispanic Center2006
$$$ Spent on Advertising…
Broadcasting Media Partners $192,790,531
Procter & Gamble Corp $175,190,922
AT&T Inc $127,552,062
General Motors Corp $110,350,867
Toyota Motor Corp $108,015,836
McDonalds Corp $107,282,828
Verizon Communications $100,233,695
US Government $90,886,141
Johnson & Johnson $86,577,477
Sears Holding Corp $77,234,453
Ford Motor Corp $68,413,148
Wal-Mart Stores Inc $64,791,992
Hispanic Business May „09
Successful Employers will…
Overcome language barriers Will learn about the culture and share
their own Develop an organizational culture that
accepts and appreciates the differences that individual employees bring to the workplace
Clearly communicate expectations so that these are understood and followed by all employees
Successful Employers will…
Communicate the organization‟s vision
Implement from the “top” down
Help Hispanic employees integrate to the team, organization and community
Be active in their communities and be an advocate for their employees
Hispanic Labor in the Swine Industry… a Thing of the Past?
Support for this presentation was provided by the National Pork Board and the Pork Checkoff.
¡Gracias!
For More Information…
Orlando Gil
Training ConnectionsTranslation Services