Download - History of Textiles
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History of TextilesOrigins &
Shibori Dyeing
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Origins of Textiles• Wore animal skins =
protection, decoration• Developed range of
materials for clothing/fabric:– Animal skins– Animal fibers (silkworm,
sheep, goat, camel, rabbit, feathers)
– Plant fibers (cotton, jute, yucca)
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Origins of Fibers• Linen: from
Mesopotamia• Flax fibers• Earliest known old
world textile– Turkey, 6500 BC– Egypt: tomb wrappings
• Spread from this area into Europe
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Origins of Fibers• Cotton: Indus River &
southern Mexico• Cotton plants• Found in tombs in India,
from 3000 BC• Described in Hindu
hymns from 1400 BC• Also made in early
China and pre-Inca Peru
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Origins of Fibers• Silk: Northern China• Before 3000 BC• Silkworms• The Silk Road helped
spread trade of silk from Asian East to Europe in West
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Origins of Fibers• Wool: west Asia, 9000
BC• Sheep (had to be
domesticated first)• Made into fabric: Stone
Age, 1.75 million years ago
• Usable woolen fabrics developed in Iraq, around 1200 BC
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Textile Production• At home, by hand,
influenced by local traditions
• Made what you needed, sold what you didn’t need
• Craft Guilds:– Formed around different
parts of textile production– Set quality standards,
working methods
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Textile Production• Industrial
Revolution: changed everything!– 18th & 19th
Centuries– Mechanized
production for mass market
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Modern Fibers• Cotton• Linen• Silk• Wool/Angora/Alpaca• Synthetic
– Examples: polyester, nylon, ramie
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Textile/Fibers Art Forms• Weaving/Tapestry• Quilting• Sewing• Embroidery• Felting• Surface Design
– Printing– Dyeing
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Dyeing• Stone Age: vegetable dyes• Bronze Age: more complex
processes• Natural dyes:
– Plants: saffron, madder, weld, indigo– Animals: mollusks, cochineal
• 19th Century: synthetic dyes developed
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Shibori• Since 8th Century CE• Japanese form of shaped
resist dyeing• Natural dyes (indigo)• Manipulating 2-D cloth
into 3-D shapes before compressing to dye
• Also found in other forms in other countries
• Made into kimono, obi
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Shibori• Kanoko: wrapped & tied
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Shibori• Oboshi: small stitches pulled
into core and capped with plastic
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Shibori• Techniques we will use:
– Fold & clamp– Arashi (pole-wrapping)– Binding– Stitching