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Hitchhiker's Guideto upgrade to Oracle Database 12c
Mike DietrichSenior Principal TechnologistDatabase UpgradesOracle Corporation
Oracle Database 12c
Updated: 3-APR-2014
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Hitchhiker's Guide to Oracle Database Upgrades
� Introduction
� When?
� Why?
� How?
Copyright © 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Working with Oracle Multitenant in Oracle Database 12c2
� How?
� News?
� The Real World
� Wrap Up
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$> whoami
Mike DietrichMike Dietrich
6 yearsRDBMS Core & MissionCirtical Support
6 yearsTechnology Presales for DataGuard, Upgrades
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Mike DietrichMike Dietrich6 years
ST Upgrade Development Team
50%Reference Projects
50%WorkshopsWorldwide
+ x%Development
Work
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Reference Involvement
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Reference Involvement: Results
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>16000 Downloads since June 2013
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Slides and Dates?
� Download slides from:
– blogs.oracle.com/UPGRADE
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Further material?
� 90 Minute Webcast:Upgrade, Migrate & Consolidate to Oracle Database 12c
– http://event.on24.com/r.htm?e=750382&s=1&k=4F42244E75402FC0D8DEBBD12F134906
� OTN Page:
– http://otn.oracle.com/goto/upgrade
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Hitchhiker's Guide to Oracle Database Upgrades
� Introduction
� When?
� Why?
� How?
Copyright © 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Working with Oracle Multitenant in Oracle Database 12c8
� How?
� News?
� The Real World
� Wrap Up
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When does
Oracle Database 11.2run out of
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run out of
Premier Support?
303 days < 10 months!
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Supported Versions
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
Oracle 9.2Oracle 9.2(GA:(GA: Jul 2002)Jul 2002)
Oracle 10.1Oracle 10.1(GA:(GA: Jan 2004)Jan 2004)
Oracle 10.2Oracle 10.2(GA:(GA: Jul 2005)Jul 2005)
JUL 2010JUL 2010JAN 2007JAN 2007
JAN 2012JAN 2012JAN 2009JAN 2009
today
JUL 2013JUL 2013JUL 2010JUL 2010
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Oracle 11.1Oracle 11.1(GA:(GA: Aug 2007)Aug 2007)
Oracle 11.2Oracle 11.2(GA:(GA: Sep 2009)Sep 2009)
OracleOracle 12.112.1(GA:(GA: Jun 2013)Jun 2013)
Sustaining SupportSustaining Support
AUG 2015AUG 2015AUG 2012AUG 2012
JAN 2018JAN 2018JAN 2015JAN 2015
JUN 2021JUN 2021JUN 2018JUN 2018
Waived Extended Waived Extended Extended SupportExtended SupportPremier SupportPremier Support
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Upgrade, Migrate and Consolidate to Oracle 12c
� Introduction
� When?
� Why? Or why not?
� How?
Copyright © 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Working with Oracle Multitenant in Oracle Database 12c11
� How?
� News?
� The Real World
� Wrap Up
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Why customers don't upgrade
"You need to
upgrade now as your
release is going out
of support soon!!!"
"Upgrading just costs a lot!"
"I don't see any benefits by
upgrading to a newer release"
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"It will just introduce
new bugs and issues"
"I'm happy with the features
of Oracle 8i"
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Examination
"Number of
databases?"
"Exact source
"Size of the
database(s)?""Downtime?"
"Fallback?"
"Testing?"
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E
"Exact source
versions?"
"New hardware?"
"OS Migration?"
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Are you maintaining a Zoo?
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3 different OS families � 7 different major Oracle releases
6 of 8 OS desupported � 77 of 80 databases out of Support
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Maintaining a Zoo is EXPENSIVE
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Maintenance Costs
Upgrade/Migration Costs
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Another example from the Real World
OS change Client changeApplication change HW change
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Minimal Downtime between Oracle 7.3 and Oracle 11.210-15 databases
No upgrade done for ~17 years!!!
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Upgrade, Migrate and Consolidate to Oracle 12c
� Introduction
� When?
� Why?
� How?
Copyright © 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Working with Oracle Multitenant in Oracle Database 12c17
� How?
� News?
� The Real World
� Wrap Up
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Upgrade/Migration Strategies?
Step-by-Step Strategy� In pieces over time� Risk mitigating
Big-Bang Strategy� All in one downtime window� Sometimes necessary due to
dependencies
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Least Critical First � Learn more with every step
Most Critical First� Learn about almost all from the
beginning
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�Plan your upgrades as early as possible
� Application testing is important
� Have valid test systems
Project Approach?
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� Think about the fallback ... before you start!
� Try to streamline
�Talk to us (Oracle) to avoid pitfalls
– Get our Best Practice slides ☺
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Project Phases
1• Data Gathering Phase
• The more you know the better it is!
2• Test Phase
3• Upgrade/Migration Phase
• Application:• Owner?• Version?• Dependencies?• Certification?• Timeframe?• Test budget?
• Database:
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3• Upgrade/Migration Phase
4• Go-Live Phase
5• Future Phase
• Database:• Owner?• Exact version and patches?• Size?• Downtime?• Dependecies?• Gateways?• Operating system version?
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Project Phases
1• Data Gathering Phase
2• Test Phase
• Test, test, test ... and test!!!
3• Upgrade/Migration Phase
• 1:1 test systems?• Documentation?• Network bandwidth?• Performance data from PROD?• Testing tools: RAT?
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3• Upgrade/Migration Phase
4• Go-Live Phase
5• Future Phase
• Testing tools: RAT?• Batches, long-ops?• Multiple successful test runs?• Performance protection?• Be open to late patches/PSUs!• Fallback strategy tested?
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Network Bandwidth
Interface Netto Data
VolumneTheoretical
Transfer
Throughput
Real WorldTransfer
Throughput
100 Mbit Ethernet 11 MB/sec 40 GB/hour <30 GB/hour
1 Gbit Ethernet 110 MB/sec 400 GB/hour <300 GB/hour
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1 Gbit Ethernet 110 MB/sec 400 GB/hour <300 GB/hour
10 Gbit Ethernet 1100 MB/sec 4000 GB/hour <3000 GB/hour
Infiniband IB 4xQDR 4000 MB/sec 14400 GB/hour <11000 GB/hour
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General Test Guidelines
Upgrade/Migration Process
Post-Upgrade Functionality
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Post-Upgrade Functionality
Post-Upgrade Performance
Pro
d L
oa
d
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Database Replay
Migrate
R2
10.2.0.4 11.2.0.4
Compare – then restoreand run again with changes
IBM AIX SOLARIS
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Database Replay
Capture Workload Replay Workload
Preprocess Workload
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SQL Performance Analyzer
STS
Evaluate, compare and tune –over and over again!
Migrate
R2
10.2.0.4 12.1.0.1IBM AIX SOLARIS
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SQL Performance Analyzer
STS
Capture SQLsinto a STS
Load STS
over and over again!
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Testing Effort
� Relation between test completeness and costs
Com
ple
teness
10
0%
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Costslow high
Com
ple
teness
0%
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Project Phases
1• Data Gathering Phase
2• Test Phase
3• Upgrade/Migration Phase
• Relax ...☺• Is everbody informed?• Relax and lean back!
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3 • Relax ...☺
4• Go-Live Phase
5• Future Phase
• Relax and lean back!• Don't overtestosteronize!!
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Upgrade/Migrate Older Oracle Releases
Oracle 8i
LessDowntime?
Oracle 5/6/7/8Near-ZeroDowntime?
exp/imp
Transportable
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Oracle 9i
Oracle 10.1
Oracle 9.2
TransportableTablespacesSame platform only Golden
Gate+
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Upgrade Options to Oracle Database 12c
Oracle 11.1
LessDowntime?
Oracle 10.2 Near-ZeroDowntime?
LogicalStandby
Golden +
TransientStandby
expdp/impdp
catctl.pl
DBUA HWHW
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Oracle 11.2.0.1/2
Oracle 11.2.0.3/4
TransportableTablespaces
StandbyGolden Gate+
Full Transportable Export/Import
RMAN Inc Bck
+
catctl.pl
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Migration Options to Oracle Database 12c
Oracle 11.1
LessDowntime?
Oracle 10.2 Near-ZeroDowntime?
Golden +
expdp/impdp
SQL*Loader
CTAS, COPY
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Oracle 11.2.0.1/2
Oracle 11.2.0.3/4
Golden Gate+
Full Transportable Export/Import
RMAN Inc Bck
+
TransportableTablespaces
SQL*Loader
TDB Only sameEndianness
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Project Phases
1• Data Gathering Phase
2• Test Phase
3• Upgrade/Migration Phase
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3• Upgrade/Migration Phase
4• Go-Live Phase
• Keep an extra eye on performance
5• Future Phase
• Monitor performance behaviour• Any issues?
• Use collected data from pre-upgrade to fix issuse
• Open an SR with Support
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SPM – Plan Stability using Plan Capture
Plan History
Plan
STS STS
Upgrade
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Plan Baseline
HJ
HJ
GB
��Plans will be takenfrom STS and added
to the SQL Plan BaselineDBMS_SPM.LOAD_PLANS_FROM_SQLSET
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Project Phases
1• Data Gathering Phase
2• Test Phase
3• Upgrade/Migration Phase • Don't lean back – it just started!
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3• Upgrade/Migration Phase
4• Go-Live Phase
5• Future Phase
• It's not over now ... It just started!!!
• Don't lean back – it just started!• Patching strategy?
• Next available PSU?• Next available patch set?• When will be the next
upgrade?• Adopt useful new features
• Many features come for free
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Waiting for next Patch Set?
� Release Schedule of Current Database Releases Note.742060.1
1x1x 1x1x3x3x
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11.1.0.711.2.0.211.2.0.311.2.0.4
12.1.0.2
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Recommended Patches: PSUs
� Always install the latest PSU as soon as possible
– Most important Notes: Note:854428.1: Introduction to Database PSUNote:1227443.1: PSU Known Issues
– PSU contents:CPUs
Fixes for Critical Issues
Fixes � Recertification
Fixes � Configuration
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– PSU characteristics:
– PSU schedule – 4x:
RAC RollingStandby FirstStandby First
14-JAN-2014 / 15-APR-2014 / 15-JUL-2014 / 14-OCT-2014
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Hitchhiker's Guide to Oracle Database Upgrades
� Introduction
� When?
� Why?
� How?
Copyright © 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Working with Oracle Multitenant in Oracle Database 12c37
� How?
� News?
� The Real World
� Wrap Up
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Upgrade to Oracle Database 12cOracle
7.3.4
Oracle
8.0.6
Oracle
8.1.7.4
Oracle
≥≥≥≥9.0.1.4
Oracle
9.2.0.8
Oracle
10.1.0.5
Oracle
10.2.0.5
Oracle
11.1.0.7
Oracle
≥≥≥≥11.2.0.2
Oracle
12.1.0.1
Oracle 7.3Oracle 7.3(GA:(GA: 1996)1996)
Oracle 8.0Oracle 8.0(GA:(GA: 19971997
Oracle 8.1Oracle 8.1(GA:(GA: 1998)1998)
Oracle 9.0Oracle 9.0(GA:(GA: 2001)2001)
Oracle 9.2Oracle 9.2(GA:(GA: Jul 2002)Jul 2002)
≥11.2.0.211.2.0.29.2.0.89.2.0.87.3.47.3.4
≥11.2.0.211.2.0.29.2.0.89.2.0.88.0.68.0.6
10.2.0.510.2.0.58.1.7.48.1.7.4
10.2.0.510.2.0.59.0.1.49.0.1.4
≥11.2.0.211.2.0.29.2.0.89.2.0.8
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(GA:(GA: Jul 2002)Jul 2002)
Oracle 10.1Oracle 10.1(GA:(GA: Jan 2004)Jan 2004)
Oracle 10.2Oracle 10.2(GA:(GA: Jul 2005)Jul 2005)
Oracle 11.1Oracle 11.1(GA:(GA: Aug 2007)Aug 2007)
Oracle 11.2Oracle 11.2(GA:(GA: Sep 2009)Sep 2009)
OracleOracle 12.112.1(GA:(GA: Jun 2013)Jun 2013)
DIRECTDIRECT≥11.2.0.211.2.0.2
DIRECTDIRECT11.1.0.711.1.0.7
DIRECTDIRECT10.2.0.510.2.0.5
≥11.2.0.211.2.0.29.2.0.89.2.0.8
≥11.2.0.211.2.0.210.1.0.510.1.0.5
Please note: This graph will apply to database upgrades only!
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� preupgrd.sql
� Executes pre-upgrade checks
� Runs in source environment
New Pre-Upgrade Script
Upgrade SQL Automation
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� Runs in source environment
� Generates fixup scripts
– preupgrade_fixups.sql
– postupgrade_fixups.sql
� MOS Note:884522.1
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� catctl.pl
� Runs database upgrade in parallel
� Up to 40% faster upgrade
New Parallel Upgrade
Faster Upgrade – Less Downtime
catctl.plcatctl.pl
script3.sqlscript3.sqlscript2.sqlscript2.sqlscript1.sqlscript1.sql
catctl.pl
script3.sqlscript2.sqlscript1.sql
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� Up to 40% faster upgrade
� Used and proven by selected Oracle Database 11g customers
script4.sqlscript4.sql
script5.sqlscript5.sql
script6.sqlscript6.sql
script6.sqlscript6.sql
script7.sqlscript7.sql
script8.sqlscript8.sql
script9.sqlscript9.sql
script10.sqlscript10.sql
script11.sqlscript11.sql
script4.sql
script5.sql
script6.sql
script6.sql
script7.sql
script8.sql
script9.sql
script10.sql
script11.sql
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New Parallel Upgrade
Faster Upgrade – Less Downtime
$> $ORACLE_HOME/perl/bin/perl catctl.pl -n 8 catupgrd.sql
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“The new parallel upgrade script promises to drastically reduce downtime due to planned maintenance. We saw a 37% improvement over the previous upgrade process in our environment.”
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Harald StefanLeiter DatenbankenPayback GmbH
process in our environment.”
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� Pre-Upgrade Automation
� Parallel Upgrade
� RMAN Integration
Database Upgrade Assistant
Simplified Upgrade
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� RMAN Integration
� Guaranteed Restore Points
� Activity and Alert Log
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� Mass Upgrades
� Grid Infrastructure Upgrades
� RAC Database Upgrades
EM Cloud Control
Enterprise Manager Mass and RAC Upgrades
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� RAC Database Upgrades
� Standby Database Upgrades
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� Database upgrade
� Create XML description file
� Shutdown and Plugin
Upgrade into Multitenant
Upgrade and Plug Into Oracle Multitenant
CDB
PDB$SEED
CDBCDB
PDB$SEEDPDB$SEED
PDB1PDB1
Copyright © 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Working with Oracle Multitenant in Oracle Database 12c45
� Shutdown and Plugin
� Sanity operations
DB1DB1
PDB1PDB1
xmlxml
Read Only
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� Combining:– Transportable Tablespaces with
– Data Pump taking care of all meta information with optional
Migrate with FTE
Migrate with Full Transportable Export
CDB
PDB$SEED
CDBCDB
PDB$SEEDPDB$SEED
PDB1PDB1
Database Link
impdp
Copyright © 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Working with Oracle Multitenant in Oracle Database 12c46
– RMAN incremental backups to decrease downtime
� This works:– Cross platform
– With or without Oracle Multitenant
– Source can be Oracle 11.2.0.3/4
– Target must be at least Oracle 12.1.0.1
CDBCDBCDB
DB1DB1
Read Only
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Hitchhiker's Guide to Oracle Database Upgrades
� Introduction
� When?
� Why?
� How?
Copyright © 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Working with Oracle Multitenant in Oracle Database 12c47
� How?
� News?
� The Real World
� Wrap Up
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Real World Customer Experience
� @Oracle – Production Environment
CDB
PDB$SEED
CDBCDB
PDB$SEEDPDB$SEED
PDB1PDB1DB1DB1
CDB
PDB$SEED
CDBCDB
PDB$SEEDPDB$SEED
PDB1PDB1 PDB3PDB3 PDB17PDB17...PDB2PDB2 PDB2PDB2
Copyright © 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Working with Oracle Multitenant in Oracle Database 12c48
12c BetaStand Alone
12c BetaStand Alone
12c RC6CDB with 2 PDBs
12c RC6CDB with 2 PDBs
CDBCDBCDB
12c ProductionCDB with 17 PDBs and Physical Standby plus EM
12c ProductionCDB with 17 PDBs and Physical Standby plus EM
CDBCDBCDBSWITCHOVERSWITCHOVER
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Real World Customer Experience
"It is very stable"
"If seen as 15 different databases I don't think I
would have configured
them on this cluster. But as
deployment of 15 PDBs
within one container it has
been made possible"
"A bit more work
regarding monitoring but
a lot of improvements"
" If we talk
about whether a
DBA life is much
easier I think its
a mixed bag"
Copyright © 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Working with Oracle Multitenant in Oracle Database 12c49
"It is very stable"
"Issues may get to
you now at once"
been made possible"
" I am definitely
impressed with the
quality and stability side"
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Hitchhiker's Guide to Oracle Database Upgrades
� Introduction
� When?
� Why?
� How?
Copyright © 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Working with Oracle Multitenant in Oracle Database 12c50
� How?
� News?
� The Real World
� Wrap Up
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Resources
� Download slides as PDF from:
– http://blogs.oracle.com/UPGRADE
� Full Day Upgrade Workshop in Oslo:
– Registration:
Copyright © 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Working with Oracle Multitenant in Oracle Database 12c51
– Registration:http://eventreg.oracle.com/profile/web/index.cfm?PKWebID=0x705481765&source=EMEAFM13033369MPP059
– May 20, 2014
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