![Page 1: ICTs and climate change mitigation in the context of emerging economies Presentation at ICTD 2010 Session 1206 “ICTs, Climate Change and Development” London,](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56649e7b5503460f94b7d02f/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
ICTs and climate change mitigation in the context of emerging economies
Presentation at ICTD 2010Session 1206 “ICTs, Climate Change and Development”London, 13 December 2010
Helen [email protected]
![Page 2: ICTs and climate change mitigation in the context of emerging economies Presentation at ICTD 2010 Session 1206 “ICTs, Climate Change and Development” London,](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56649e7b5503460f94b7d02f/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Emerging Economies’ Climate Change Challenge
• Rapid development• Infrastructure investments• Increasing domestic consumption • Workshops of the world Major increase in GHG emissions
• Poverty • Energy poverty• Limited access to public services• Lack of infrastructure Catch-up growth needed
![Page 3: ICTs and climate change mitigation in the context of emerging economies Presentation at ICTD 2010 Session 1206 “ICTs, Climate Change and Development” London,](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56649e7b5503460f94b7d02f/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Need for low carbon growth
Developing countries account for 50 percent of global GHG emissions
By 2030 this figure is expected to rise to 65 percent
India 1.1 t > 1.4 t
China 2.7 t > 4.9 t
Australia 17.2 t > 17.9 t
USA 20 t > 18.9 t
Japan 9.5 t > 9.8 t
Per capita emissions 2000 > 2007
South Africa 8.2 t > 8.8 t
Developing countries less than 0.5 t
![Page 4: ICTs and climate change mitigation in the context of emerging economies Presentation at ICTD 2010 Session 1206 “ICTs, Climate Change and Development” London,](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56649e7b5503460f94b7d02f/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Low carbon growth path
• Inequalities in GHG emission accounts mirror the relationship between economic growth, industrial development and access to modern energy services
• Need to expand provision of affordable energy and other crucial public services to the world’s poor
• Need to reduce growth in greenhouse gas emissions
Need for low carbon growth and for technological ‘leapfrogging’
![Page 5: ICTs and climate change mitigation in the context of emerging economies Presentation at ICTD 2010 Session 1206 “ICTs, Climate Change and Development” London,](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56649e7b5503460f94b7d02f/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Technologies are already available
![Page 6: ICTs and climate change mitigation in the context of emerging economies Presentation at ICTD 2010 Session 1206 “ICTs, Climate Change and Development” London,](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56649e7b5503460f94b7d02f/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
… but suitable for emerging economies?
![Page 7: ICTs and climate change mitigation in the context of emerging economies Presentation at ICTD 2010 Session 1206 “ICTs, Climate Change and Development” London,](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56649e7b5503460f94b7d02f/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Carbon footprints
Developing countries Developed countries
![Page 8: ICTs and climate change mitigation in the context of emerging economies Presentation at ICTD 2010 Session 1206 “ICTs, Climate Change and Development” London,](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56649e7b5503460f94b7d02f/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Key opportunity areas
• Low-cost energy efficient ICT devices• Energy generation and distribution• Urban centres of consumption• Land-use change and deforestation• Production and international trade
of goods
ICT-based solutions that reconcile growth imperative with urgent necessity to mitigate further growth in greenhouse gas emissions
![Page 9: ICTs and climate change mitigation in the context of emerging economies Presentation at ICTD 2010 Session 1206 “ICTs, Climate Change and Development” London,](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56649e7b5503460f94b7d02f/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Energy generation and distribution
• The challenge– Rapidly rising demand for energy
– High carbon intensity of supply
– High grid losses
– Rising energy costs
– Need for large investments
• Decarbonising energy supply & demand– Reducing reliance on centralised generation
– Improving grid efficiency through active monitoring
– Support energy saving through smart meters
• Example of technologies and services– Meters and energy accounting software for
monitoring energy consumption
– Protocols for grid-wide system interoperability to support integration of renewable/distributed energy
![Page 10: ICTs and climate change mitigation in the context of emerging economies Presentation at ICTD 2010 Session 1206 “ICTs, Climate Change and Development” London,](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56649e7b5503460f94b7d02f/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Recommendations
• Clear opportunity for ICT-enabled climate change mitigation in emerging economies
• Technology transfer
– Broader deployment of ICT in developing and emerging economies
• Building innovative capacity
– Transform developing countries to become low-carbon technology producers and innovators
– Foster competitiveness of local industries and create new business opportunities
– Catalyse domestic capacity to adapt and develop technologies and help diffuse innovations
![Page 12: ICTs and climate change mitigation in the context of emerging economies Presentation at ICTD 2010 Session 1206 “ICTs, Climate Change and Development” London,](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56649e7b5503460f94b7d02f/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Catching up or leading the way?
• North Delhi Power Limited – Distributes electricity to five million people in the Delhi
metropolitan area– Invested in smarter grid to reduce energy losses from 54
percent to less than 18 percent over the past 5 years
• Chery Automobile Co., China– Partnering with the Danish ICT company Better Place to co-
develop prototype electrical vehicles and charging stations– China has set industrial policy with the objective of becoming
the largest EV developer and manufacturer in the world
![Page 13: ICTs and climate change mitigation in the context of emerging economies Presentation at ICTD 2010 Session 1206 “ICTs, Climate Change and Development” London,](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56649e7b5503460f94b7d02f/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Enabling effect of ICT
• Dematerialisation – Replacing physical goods, processes or travel with ‘virtual’ alternatives
– E.g. video-conferencing or e-commerce
• Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication– Underlying enabler of a large share of GHG emission savings identified
through process optimization
– E.g. smart grids, smart logistics, smart buildings, or smart motor systems
• Systemic impacts– Behavioural effects such as new habits and consumption patterns that humans
develop as a result of ICT use
– Consumers control or influence 60 percent of all GHG emissions (of which 35 percent are under direct consumer control through their own consumption and use)
![Page 14: ICTs and climate change mitigation in the context of emerging economies Presentation at ICTD 2010 Session 1206 “ICTs, Climate Change and Development” London,](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56649e7b5503460f94b7d02f/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Production and international trade of goods
• Around one-quarter of the growth in developing country emissions since 2000 was associated with international trade
• China: 30 % of the growth in emissions between 1990- 2002 attributable to the production and international trade of exports
• Opportunities– cross-border transportation and
logistics– manufacturing in emerging
economies
![Page 15: ICTs and climate change mitigation in the context of emerging economies Presentation at ICTD 2010 Session 1206 “ICTs, Climate Change and Development” London,](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56649e7b5503460f94b7d02f/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
SMART Grids: The Role of ICT
Source: GESI and The Climate Group, 2008