1.1 Introduction to IELTS Writing 1.2 Introduction to Task 1 Instructions & Rubric 1.3 Non-Temporal Chart Types 1.4 Vocabulary & Grammar 1.6 Review 1.7 Non-Temporal Charts - Mixed Types 1.8 Report Structure
Level 4 IELTS Writing Task 1
Non-Temporal Charts 1a
Level 4 Writing �2
1.1 - IELTS Writing Introduction
• 60 minutes• 2 tasks
Your writing is graded on:
• Task response- answer all parts of the task, present a clear position throughout the task extend and support main ideas
• Lexical resource- range of vocabulary, spelling, word families, collocation, number of words written
• Coherence and cohesion- paragraphs, punctuation, linking words, organization • Grammatical range and accuracy- number of mistakes and complexity of grammar
The Writing Task 1 (20 minutes)
Requires you to write a summary of at least 150 words in response to a particular graphic (bar, line or pie graph), table, chart, or process (how something works, how something is done).
This task tests your ability to:
• select and report the main features• describe and compare data• identify significance and trends in factual information• describe a process
The Writing Task 2 (spend about 40 minutes)
Requires you to write an essay and needs to be at least 250 words. The essay can be agree/disagree, advantage/disadvantage, or causes of a problem and solutions. This task tests your ability to respond by:
• giving and justifying an opinion• discussing the topic• summarizing details• outlining problems• identifying possible solutions• supporting what you write with reasons, arguments and relevant examples from your
own knowledge or experience
Task 2 carries more weight in marking than Task 1
Level 4 Writing �3
1.2 - IELTS Writing Task 1
• Task 1 on the IELTS exam requires you to transfer key information from a chart into a written report.
• The IELTS instructions for Task 1 are “Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.”
• You need to be able to give a clear interpretation of the data in the chart. You need to produce a report with an introduction and a body paragraph for each of the data sources.
Earning a band 5 or higher
To have a good chance of getting a band 5 or 5.5 in IELTS, you need to:
• write an overview• describe the main information in the chart(s) correctly• make important comparisons• organize your writing in a clear and logical way• use some good linking words• use suitable vocabulary with good range, spelling and correct word forms• have some simple sentences, some compound sentences (using linking words
like and & but), and some complex sentences (e.g. …., which was much lower than…; …it is clear to see that…)
Familiarize yourself with the Rubric
On the following page you will find the public version of the IELTS Rubric. Above is a list of things you should do in order to earn a band 5 or 5.5. Look at the rubric and find where it mentions the features listed above of a band 5 or 5.5 Task 1 report.
Level 4 Writing �4
IELTS Task 1 Public Rubric Band 4-6
Level 4 Writing �5
الدقة والقواعد النحويةاملعجم اللغوي
االتقان والترابط إنجاز املهمة
ستوىامل
•طة واملعقدة
سيجمل الب
ن الج م
خدم مزيست
• يي القواعد و
طاء فخألض ا
ب بع يرتك
ك عائقا ن ذل
ن نادرا ما يكوالترقيم ، ولك
صلللتوا
•ت
ن املفرداجموعة كافية م
خدم مست
•يشائعة و
ت غير خدام مفردا
ستحاول ا
ي
حياناً صها الدقة أ
ن تنق•لك
حوية ، الئية ، و/او ن
طاء إمخجود أ
و
صلق التوا
ك ال يعين ذل
ولك
•ك،
سشكل متما
الفكار بت وا
ب املعلومايرت
طرح ي ال
ظ فحو
ج ملجود تدر
مع و
•شكل فعال، مع
ط بت الرب
خدم ادواست
ي
ط ي الرب
خلل فض ال
جود بعحتمال و
ا
جمل خل ال
جمل او داني ال
•بط ت الرب
خدام ادواست
ي اصعوبة ف
عنده حض
ب وواسشكل منا
ضمائر بمثل ال
•ت املهمة
طلبا•يتناول مت
ض عام ى تقديم عر
لديه القدرة علسبة
ختارة منات م
خدام معلوماست
•باى
ضوء علط ال
سليض وت
ى عرلديه القدرة عل
ن قد الئم ، لك
حومى ن
سة علط الرئي
النقا
حلها ، أو غير ي غير م
صيل فن التفا
تكو
الئمة ، أو غير دقيقة م
6
•بن التراكي
حدودة مجموعة م
خدم مست
•ين خدام جمل مركبة و لك
ستحاول ا
ي
جمل ن ال
ن اقل دقة مغالبا ما تكو
طة سي
الب
•طاء
خحوية متكررة وأ
طاء نخب أ
يرتك
طاء خألب هذه ا
سبي الترقيم ، و قد ت
ف
ئي الفهم عند القار
صعوبة ف
•ت
ن املفرداحدودة م
جموعة مخدم م
ستي
ن كافية للقيام باملهمة ي قد ال تكو
الت
طلوبة •امل
شكل حوية ب
الئية و/ او نطاء إم
خجد أ
تو
ي صعوبة ف
ى ي ال
ظ مما قد يؤدحو
مل
ئالفهم عند القار
•ك ،
سشكل متما
الفكار بت وا
ح املعلوماطر
ي
ج ي التدر
ظ فحو
ص ملجود نق
مع و
•شكل مفرط أو غير
ط بت الرب
خدمم ادواست
ي
ق ٍف أوغير دقي
كا
•ط و
ت الربب ادوا
ب غياسب
جد تكرار بيو
ت البديلةاملفردا
•صيغة
ن الالئم ، لك
حو مى ن
يتناول املهمة علن.
حياالض ا
ي بعسبة ف
ن غير منا•قد تكو
ي مع عدم توفر شكل آل
صيل بسرد التفا
يك قد ال
ضوع و كذلحة للمو
ضرؤية عامة وا
ف صت لدعم الو
•تتوفر املعلوماشكل غير
ن بسية و لك
ط الرئيض النقا
يعر
ى حو التركيز عل
جد لديه ميل نب ، يو
سمنا
صيلالتفا
5
•ب
ن تراكيحدودة م
جموعة مخدام م
ستا
جمل خدام ال
ستي ا
جمل ، وندرة فال
•املركبة ن ب ، و لك
ض التراكيق لبع
خدام دقيست
ا
خدام ست
سائدة و اى
طاء تبقخألا
ت الترقيمالما
Ñ لعطخا
•طة ، و
سيسية ب
سات أ
خدام مفرداست
ا
سبة ن هذه مكررة ، أو غير منا
قد تكوطلوبة
•للمهمة املالم
سام الكالء و/أو أق
المي ا
حكم فالت
حدود م
•ق الفهم
طاء قد تعيخألا
•شكل غير
ألفكار بت وا
ض املعلوماعر
ي ظ ف
حوج مل
جود تدرط ، وعدم و
متراب
•تناول املهمة سية،
ساألط ا
ت الربض أدوا
خدام بعست
ا
ن غير دقيقة أو متكررة ن هذه قد تكو
ولك
•ض
حدود ، ال يتعرحوم
ى نضوع عل
تناول املوخدمة قد
ستصيغ امل
سة ، الط الرئي
لكل النقاسبة
ن غير منا•تكو
صيل، و سية و التفا
ألفكار الرئيني ا
ط بخل
حة، متكررة ض
جزاء غير واألض ا
ن بعقد تكو
ضوعصلة باملو
س لها ، غير دقيقة ، أو لي
4
Level 4 Writing �6
1.3 - Non-Temporal Chart Types
Non-Temporal Chart types refers to charts without change in time, only one time.
1. What kind of charts can you see below?
2. Is the data for one time period or different time periods?
3. Would you write the same or different reports for each of these?
Percentage of UAE nationals traveling to different countries
in 2014
Malaysia20%
France6%
Saudi Arabia49%
Oman8%
Turkey17%
2014 Data for destinations of Emirati travelers
0
10
20
30
40
50
Turkey Oman Saudi Arabia France Malaysia
UAE citizens visiting various countries in 2014
Turkey
Oman
Saudi Arabia
France
Malaysia
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
20
6
49
8
17
UAE Nationals destination of travel in 2014
Turkey Oman Saudi Arabia France Malaysia
17% 8% 49% 6% 20%
Perc
enta
ges
Percentages
Level 4 Writing �7
1.4 - Vocabulary & Sentence Structure
The highestThe greatestThe largest A significant The smallestThe lowest
percentage ofproportion ofnumber of
womenbooks readtourists
attended university.were Arabic.came from Russia.
Pizza made up thelargestsecond largestsmallest
percentage of the total.
Pizza was theLaw was theFords were the
mostsecond/third mostleast
popularcommon
food.major.cars.
✤ Starting with the amount:
✤ Starting with the topic:
Describing One Part of a Non-Temporal Chart
Steps before Writing
1. Read the prompt and chart carefully. 2. Select Information: highest/lowest, the second highest, similarities/differences 3. Make comparisons between sections and the above information 4. Organize your report into paragraphs 5. While you are writing:
a. Use comparative adjectives (adjective + er) b. Use superlative adjectives (adjective + est) c. Use “more than” or “less than”
Level 4 Writing �8
Three times as manyTwice as manyAs manyNot as many
Landcruisersstudentsshopping malls
were soldcame from Omanwere in Dubai
as
Nissan Patrols.from Yemen.in New York.
A lot/Far moreMuch/Many moreConsiderably moreSignificantly moreSlightly moreFractionally moreMore
than
✤ Starting with the amount:
Describing Two Parts of a Non-Temporal Chart
Drinking coffee wasNokia phones wereSwiss watches were
asjust asnearly asalmost asnot as
commonpopular
as
drinking tea.iPhones.Japanese watches.
morefar moreconsiderably moreslightly more lessslightly lessfractionally lessfar less
than
✤ Starting with the topic:
Look at the sentences below. Underline the noun/noun phrase at the beginning of each sentence. What does each sentence start with? Circle either amount or topic.
1. The smallest percentage of electricity came from oil. Amount / Topic
2. Oil made up the lowest percentage of the total. Amount / Topic
Level 4 Writing �9
1.5 Grammar
Base Word Comparative Superlative
high higherThe percentage of tourists for Al Ain was higher than for Doha.
the highestBeirut had the highest percentage of tourists.
low lower Level Three classes had a lower number of students than Level Two classes.
the lowestLevel One classes had the lowest number of students.
• For longer adjectives, we cannot use –er and –est. • More and less are used to make the comparative and the most/the least are used for
the superlative.
Base Word Comparative Superlative
popular more/less popular thanPepsi was a more popular drink than Sprite.
the most/the least popularThe least popular drink was Red Bull.
common more/less common thanCancer was less common than heart disease.
the most/the least commonThe most common disease was diabetes.
The difference between popular and commonPopular is used to describe people or things that many people like, such as Ahlam, smartphones, or ice cream. Popular has a positive meaning.
Common is used to describe things that we can find or see a lot. It can have a positive or negative meaning. For example, Twitter is a common way for people to communicate. Diabetes is common among obese people.
Revisiting Comparative and Superlative Adjectives
• Comparatives are used to show the differences between two things.• Superlatives are used to compare someone/something to the whole group they belong to.• For short adjectives, we usually add -er to the word and use than to compare two things. • If the word ends in y, change y to i and add -er or -est. • For the superlative, add -est. Don’t forget the!
Level 4 Writing �10
1.6a - Review Vocabulary (fractions)
Vocabulary to describe common fractions10% a tenth (1/10)
20% a fifth (1/5)
25% a quarter (1/4)
33% a third (1/3)
50% a half (1/2)
66% two thirds (2/3)
75% three quarters (3/4)
2 Focus on exactly/just over/under Fractions
a. Circle the correct answer.
1. 24% = exactly / just over / just under a quarter
2. 33% = exactly / just over / just under a third
3. 76% = exactly / just over / just under three quarters
4. 11% = exactly / just over / just under a tenth
b. Write the number as a fraction. Use exactly, just under or just over.
25%
35%
78%
50%
65%
18%
73%
21%
30%
54%
Level 4 Writing �11
1.6b - Review of Report Structure
Organisation
The pie chart shows the percentages of UAE nationals travelling to
other countries in 2014. Overall, the highest percentage of Emiratis went to
__________ while the smallest percentage travelled to __________.
1. _______________
_______________
2. _______________
_______________
Looking at the pie chart, we see the highest percentage of Emiratis
went to __________, at 49 percent. The second highest percentage was
for __________, at a fifth. Together, ____________ and _____________
made up exactly a quarter at 17% and 8% respectively. __________ had
the lowest percentage, at just 6%.
1. _______________
2. _______________
3. _______________
_______________
4. _______________
Fill in each gap in the introduction and body paragraph with one word only, and then put the labels in the correct places under the ‘organisation’ column.
Organisation:
lowest 3rd & 4th highest together
chart info 2nd highest
highest overview
Percentage of UAE nationals traveling to different countries in 2014
Malaysia20%
France6%
Saudi Arabia49%
Oman8%
Turkey17%
Level 4 Writing �12
1.6c - Review of Sentence Structure
Sentence starting with amount
1. The largest percentage of Emiratis travelled to _______________________.
Sentence starting with topic
2. _____________________ made up the largest percentage of the total.
Sentence starting with amount
3. The _____________________ _____________________ of Emiratis went to France.
Sentence starting with topic
4. _______________ made up the smallest percentage of the total.
Sentences starting with topics
5. Malaysia was the _______________________ most popular country for Emirati travelers.
6. Turkey had the _____________________ highest percentage.
7. France was the _____________________ popular country for Emiratis to visit.
Fill in each gap below with one word only.
Percentage of UAE nationals traveling to different countries
in 2014
Malaysia20%
France6%
Saudi Arabia49%
Oman8%
Turkey17%
Level 4 Writing �13
Most common diseases caused by air pollution in Jakarta, 2014
The following chart illustrates the most common diseases in Ireland in 2013.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.
Writing Practice
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Level 4 Writing �14
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Level 4 Writing �15
1.7 - Non-Temporal Chart - Mixed Types
Non-Temporal Chart means charts without change in time, only one time.
1. What kind of charts can you see below?
2. Is the data for one time period or different time periods?
3. Would you write the same or different reports for each of these?
Popular snacks, 2006 Chocolate Chips Popcorn Cake CheeseWorldwide 50% 10% 20% 15% 5%Japan 5% 15% 35% 25% 20%China 40% 12% 30% 10% 8%
Popular Snacks 2006
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Choco
late
Chips
Popco
rnCak
e
Chees
e
WorldwideJapanChina
Cheese5%
Cake15%
Popcorn20%
Chips10%
Chocolate50%
Cheese20%
Cake25% Popcorn
35%
Chips15%
Chocolate5%
Cheese8%
Cake10%
Popcorn30%
Chips12%
Chocolate40%
Worldwide China Japan
Popular Snacks 2006
Level 4 Writing �16
1.8 Non-Temporal Mixed Charts - Report Structure
Popular Snacks in two Asian Countries in 2006
Country Chocolate Chips Popcorn Cake Cheese
Japan 5% 15% 35% 25% 20%
China 40% 12% 30% 10% 8%
1 Analyzing the chart
Look at the pie chart and table below and answer the questions that follow.
Popular Snacks Worldwide, 2006
Cake15%
Popcorn20%
Chips10%
Cheese5%
Chocolate50%
Writing about mixed non-temporal charts is quite easy if you remember the steps you learned for the other types of charts. The main difference is that the organization of a report changes when you have two charts to write about.
• Introductions- You must have an introduction. This tells the reader what both charts show and gives an overall statement about both charts.
• Body paragraphs- Write one paragraph for each chart shown. Within these body paragraphs, you must make comparisons and correlations between the data.
• No conclusion needed. No opinion. There could be predictions in IELTS.
Level 4 Writing �17
Mixed Non-Temporal Charts - Introduction
1. What kinds of charts do you see? ________________________________________________
2. Circle which is most important. Worldwide / Japan / China
3. What was the most popular snack worldwide? ___________________________
4. What was the most popular snack in Japan? ___________________________
5. What was most popular snack in China? ___________________________
6. Circle which two are similar for the most popular snack: Worldwide / Japan / China
Fill in the gaps with the correct answers. Write ONE WORD ONLY for each gap.
Look at the charts and answer the questions.
The ___________ ___________ shows the most popular snacks in the world in 2006
whereas _________ __________ shows the percentages of the same snacks in __________ and
__________ in the same year. Overall, the most popular snack in _______ ______ and in
___________ was chocolate while in ___________ it was popcorn.
Body 1 - Pie Chart Only
7. What was the most popular snack worldwide? __________________________________
8. What was the second most popular snack worldwide? ___________________________
9. How much did the third and fourth most popular snacks make together? _____________
10. What was the least popular snack worldwide? ________________________________
Looking at the pie chart, we see that the most popular snack in the world was
__________ at 50%. The second highest percentage was for _________ at a fifth. Together,
cake and chips made up exactly a quarter, at 15% and 10% respectively. Cheese was the least
popular snack at ____________.
Fill in the gaps with the correct answers. Write ONE WORD ONLY for each gap.
Look at the pie chart and answer the questions.
Level 4 Writing �18
Body 2 - Similar information from the Table compared with the Pie Chart
11. Circle which two are similar for the most popular snack. Worldwide / Japan / China
12. What was the most popular snack in China? ______________
13. What was the least popular snack in China? ______________
14. How does its percentage in China compare with the percentage in the world? ______________
Fill in the gaps with the correct answers. Write only one word for each gap.
_________________ to the ______________, in ______________ the highest percentage
was for _______________, at 40%. On the other hand, the least popular snack was
________________, at 8%, which was slightly higher than in the world.
Body 3 - Different information from the Table compared with the Pie Chart
15. Circle which one is different for the most popular snack: Worldwide / Japan / China
16. What was the most popular snack in Japan?______________
17. How does its percentage in Japan compare with its percentage in the world? ______________
18. What was the least popular snack in Japan?______________
19. How does its percentage in Japan compare with the percentage in the world? ______________
Fill in the gaps with the correct answers. Write only one word for each gap.
___________ in the ___________ and in ___________, in ___________ the most popular
snack was ___________, which was ___________ popular than in the world, at 35%. In contrast,
the ___________ percentage in Japan was for ___________, at ___________, which was
_______ lower than in the world.
Look at the table and answer the questions.
Look at the table and answer the questions.
Level 4 Writing �19
Mixed Non-Temporal Charts Review
1. What does the first sentence of the introduction tell you?
Topic information of the ________ ________ and topic information of the
___________
2. What information is in the ‘overall’ sentence of the introduction?
Circle one answer: the most common / the least common
3. What is the topic of body paragraph 1? The _________ _________
4. What information do you start this paragraph with?
Circle one answer: the most common / the least common
5. What information do you finish this paragraph with?
Circle one answer: the most common / the least common
6. Do you need to give all the pie chart information? Yes / No
7. What do you need to do with this information?
Circle one answer: describe and compare it / just describe it
8. What is the topic of body paragraph 2?
Circle one answer: table information similar to / different from pie chart
9. What information do you need to give?
Circle one answer: all the information / most and least common only
10.What do you need to do with this information?
Circle one answer: compare it with the pie chart info / just describe it
11. What is the topic of body paragraph 3?
Circle one answer: table information similar to / different from pie chart
12.What information do you need to give?
Circle one answer: all the information / most and least common only
Level 4 Writing �20
Mixed Non-Temporal Charts - Model Answer
The pie chart shows the most popular snacks in the world in 2006 whereas the table shows the percentages of the same snacks in Japan and China in the same year. Overall, the most popular snack worldwide and in China was chocolate, while in Japan it was popcorn.
Looking at the pie chart, we see that the most popular snack in the world was chocolate at 50%. The second highest percentage was for popcorn, which was at a fifth. Together, cake and chips made up exactly a quarter, at 15% and 10% respectively. Cheese was the least popular snack at 5%.
Similar to the world, in China the highest percentage was for chocolate at 40%. On the other hand, the least popular snack was cheese, at 8%, which was slightly higher than in the world.
Unlike in the world and in China, in Japan the most popular snack was popcorn, which was more common than in the world, at 35%. In contrast, the lowest percentage in Japan was for chocolate at 5%, which was much lower than in the world.
Popular Snacks in two Asian Countries in 2006
Country Chocolate Chips Popcorn Cake Cheese
Japan 5% 15% 35% 25% 20%
China 40% 12% 30% 10% 8%
Popular Snacks Worldwide, 2006
Cake15%
Popcorn20%
Chips10%
Cheese5%
Chocolate50%
Level 4 Writing �21
The following chart and table illustrate the popularity of five forms of music in Europe and in France and Italy in 2012.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.
Writing Practice
Most Popular Forms of Music in 2 Countries in 2012
Classical Rock Country R&B Rap
France 23% 30% 22% 20% 5%Italy 40% 11% 16% 14% 19%
You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.
Most Popular Forms of Music in Europes in 2012
Level 4 Writing �22
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Level 4 Writing �23
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Level 4 Writing �24
Error correction practice
Find the error in the lines that are numbered. Correct the mistake. You cannot add or delete words, you can only change one word/number.
1
34
5
678
9
10
11121314
The pie chart shows the most popular type of music in Europe in 2012, whereas the table shows the popularity of the same kinds of music in France and Italy in the same years. Overall, in Europe and in France the moust popular music was rock, while in Italy was classical.
Looking at the pie chart, it can be seen that the most popular music in Europe was rock at 38%. The second more popular music was country, at exactly a quarter. Together, R & B and classical made up just under a quarter, at 15% and 12% respectively. This was lower than the popularity of rap, which was the lowest at 19%.
Similar in Europe, in France the most popular music was rock at 30%. On the other hand, the least popular music was rap, at 5%, which were lower than in Europe.
Unlike to Europe and in France, in Italy the most common music was classical, which was much less popular than in Europe, at 40%. In constrast, the least popular music in Italy was rock, at just over one fifth, which was much lower than in Europe.
__________
____________________
__________
______________________________
__________
__________
________________________________________
Most Popular Forms of Music in 2 Countries in 2012
Classical Rock Country R&B Rap
France 23% 30% 22% 20% 5%
Italy 40% 11% 16% 14% 19%
Level 4 Writing �25
Types of Cereal Consumed in 2008
CheeriosRice
CrispiesCorn
FlakesRaisin Bran Special K Wheaties
Canada 25% 15% 36% 9% 10% 5%
Spain 23% 15% 18% 30% 9% 5%
The UAE 13% 19% 29% 13% 14% 12%
Writing Practice
The following table shows the consumption of six cereal brands in three different countries around the world in 2008.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.
Write at least 150 words.
Level 4 Writing �26
Writing Practice
RayBan15%
Lacoste5%
Prada3%
Guess45%
Armani32%
Most Popular Sunglasses in 2010
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
Lacoste RayBan Armani Guess Prada
Men Women
The following pie chart shows the most popular types of sunglasses at UAEU and the tables show the popularity of the same sunglasses among men and women.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.
Write at least 150 words.
Level 4 Writing �27
The pie charts below show how dangerous waste products are dealt with in three countries.
Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
Write at least 150 words.
You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.
Writing Practice
France
22%
9%69%
Japan
25%
55%
20%
Norway
8%8%
82%
2%
Recycling Incineration* Underground ChemicalTreatment
Dumping atsea
* Incineration: a way of destroying something by fire
Level 4 Writing �28
Writing Practice
The following table shows the most popular university majors in three countries in 2014.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.
The Most Popular University Majors in Australia, the USA and Canada in 2014
Business Psychology Nursing Biology Teacher
Education Others
Australia 25% 15% 36% 9% 10% 5%
The USA 30% 18% 13% 25% 9% 5%
Canada 13% 19% 29% 13% 14% 12%
Write at least 150 words.
Level 4 Writing �29
Writing Practice
The following table shows the numbers of five highly endangered species in three Asian countries and their current numbers, in 2017.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.
Highly Endangered Species in Asia, 2017
Asian Leopard
Argali(Mountain
Sheep)Asian
Black Bear
Asian Golden
Cat
Black Musk Deer
China 250 20 11 14 18
Pakistan 90 20 35 16 10
Nepal 40 9 16 34 10
Write at least 150 words.