![Page 1: IGARSS 2011 - RCM, The Making of (AC) (Short).ppt](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020110/54621582b1af9f92238b4cef/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
RADARSAT Constellation Mission: “The Making of”
Alain Carrier, Director Earth Observation Projects
RCM Project Manager
Representation courtesy of MDA Systems Ltd
![Page 2: IGARSS 2011 - RCM, The Making of (AC) (Short).ppt](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020110/54621582b1af9f92238b4cef/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Outline
2
• Project Description
• Design Parameters
• Nomenclature and Outcome
• System Description
• Project Status
• Industrial Team
![Page 3: IGARSS 2011 - RCM, The Making of (AC) (Short).ppt](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020110/54621582b1af9f92238b4cef/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Outline
3
• Project Description
• Design Parameters
• Nomenclature and Outcome
• System Description
• Project Status
• Industrial Team
![Page 4: IGARSS 2011 - RCM, The Making of (AC) (Short).ppt](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020110/54621582b1af9f92238b4cef/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
• Scalable Constellation of three small SAR1 satellites
• Primary objective is to support the operational requirements
of Canadian Government departments
• Canadian Government-owned and operated
• Prime contractor: MDA Systems Ltd
4
RCM Description
(1) Synthetic Aperture Radar
![Page 5: IGARSS 2011 - RCM, The Making of (AC) (Short).ppt](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020110/54621582b1af9f92238b4cef/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
• Space Segment Three satellites (Bus, SAR
payload, AIS)
Ground support equipment
(mechanical, electrical)
• Launch Segment Launch system Launch interface Supporting equipment
• Ground Segment Order Handling
Mission Planning
Spacecraft Control
S-band/X-band Grd Terminal
Reception and Archiving
Product Generation
Image Quality
Spacecraft Simulator
RCM Description – Three Segments
5
![Page 6: IGARSS 2011 - RCM, The Making of (AC) (Short).ppt](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020110/54621582b1af9f92238b4cef/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Outline
6
• Project Description
• Design Parameters
• Nomenclature and Outcome
• System Description
• Project Status
• Industrial Team
![Page 7: IGARSS 2011 - RCM, The Making of (AC) (Short).ppt](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020110/54621582b1af9f92238b4cef/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
• Continuity of C-Band SAR for Operational Users
• Improved revisit over wide areas
• Responsive Ground Segment (Fast tasking and latency)
• Smaller, more cost efficient satellite development
• Improved reliability (i.e. redundancy and scalability)
• Evolution from RADARSAT-2 to wider Operational use
7
Design Parameters – Key Drivers
![Page 8: IGARSS 2011 - RCM, The Making of (AC) (Short).ppt](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020110/54621582b1af9f92238b4cef/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Design Parameters – Mission Requirements
8
• Three satellites with a potential of six
• Average daily coverage of Canadian waters and regular land coverage
• Average daily global access
• Data analyzed in near real time for operational applications
• 4-day Coherent Change Detection using SAR interferometry
• Gradual implementation with two launches separated by16 months
• Gradual replacement of aging satellites
RADARSAT Constellation daily coverage
RADARSAT-1 or 2 daily coverage
![Page 9: IGARSS 2011 - RCM, The Making of (AC) (Short).ppt](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020110/54621582b1af9f92238b4cef/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Outline
9
• Project Description
• Design Parameters
• Nomenclature and Outcome
• System Description
• Project Status
• Industrial Team
![Page 10: IGARSS 2011 - RCM, The Making of (AC) (Short).ppt](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020110/54621582b1af9f92238b4cef/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
• Phase 0/A – Initiation and Planning
Opportunity Assessment
Advanced studies and concept design
Industrial capability establishment
Critical technology risk reduction
Preliminary cost and schedule estimates
Development & confirmation of requirements
• Phase B – Preliminary Definition
Detailed requirements flowed down
Risk reduction activities continued
Preliminary design cycle completed
Launch environment defined
Mission Preliminary Design Review
Nomenclature and Outcome– Phases A and B
10
![Page 11: IGARSS 2011 - RCM, The Making of (AC) (Short).ppt](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020110/54621582b1af9f92238b4cef/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
• Phase C – Detailed Definition
Completes design of all spacecraft elements
Establishes implementation baseline
Baseline launch vehicle selected
LLI and associated NRE initiated
Ground segment subsystem requirements established
Ground segment Preliminary Design Review
Mission Critical Design Review
• Phase D – Implementation
Manufacturing, AIT1, launch & commissioning of each spacecraft
Design, manufacturing, AIT of ground segment
Operations development
Training of operations & maintenance personnel
Constellation Commissioning Complete Review
Nomenclature and Outcome– Phases C and D
(1) Assembly, Integration & Test11
![Page 12: IGARSS 2011 - RCM, The Making of (AC) (Short).ppt](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020110/54621582b1af9f92238b4cef/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
• Payload Critical Design Review SW CDR Power Distribution Unit CDR T/R module CDR Payload Electrical Model complete Antenna CDR Tile Controller CDR Payload Controller Unit CDR Central Electronic Unit CDR AIS PDR
• Mission AIT Planning AIT Dev Plan
• Ops Development Ops Dev Review Draft LEOP plan and Rehearsal plan
• Bus Critical Design Review Power CDR Attitude Determination & Ctrl Syst. CDR Power Control Unit Qual. Status Review Propulsion CDR MGSE CDR SW CDR Command & Data Handling QSR Thermal CDR Communication CDR Structural CDR Harness CDR
• Ground Segment Development GS PDR SIM PDR SCS PDR System Requirements Review for:
Restoration & Archiving / Product Generation / Image Quality subsystems
Order Handling / Mission Planning subsystem
Nomenclature and Outcome– Phase C Milestones
Mission Critical Design Review
![Page 13: IGARSS 2011 - RCM, The Making of (AC) (Short).ppt](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020110/54621582b1af9f92238b4cef/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
• Ground Segment Final Acceptance Review
• Bus, Payload & S/C Test Readiness Review
• Manufacturing Readiness Review
• Mission Preliminary Acceptance Review
• Operations Readiness Review
• Flight Readiness Review• Commissioning Complete
Review – Proto-Flight Model• Commissioning Complete
Review (Flight Model 1, Flight Model 2)
• Constellation Commissioning Complete Review
Nomenclature and Outcome– Phase D Milestones
13
![Page 14: IGARSS 2011 - RCM, The Making of (AC) (Short).ppt](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020110/54621582b1af9f92238b4cef/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Nomenclature and Deliverables – Sequencing
14
Launch 1
Launch 2
![Page 15: IGARSS 2011 - RCM, The Making of (AC) (Short).ppt](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020110/54621582b1af9f92238b4cef/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Phase C Milestones
Phase C
![Page 16: IGARSS 2011 - RCM, The Making of (AC) (Short).ppt](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020110/54621582b1af9f92238b4cef/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Outline
16
• Project Description
• Design Parameters
• Nomenclature and Outcome
• System Description
• Project Status
• Industrial Team
![Page 17: IGARSS 2011 - RCM, The Making of (AC) (Short).ppt](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020110/54621582b1af9f92238b4cef/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
17
System Description – Specifications
Bus Canadian Smallsat Bus
Launcher Falcon 9 specifications (for design) can use PSLV, DNEPR
Total Mass 1400 kg
Antenna 9.45m2
Power <1600 W peak; <220 W average
Orbit 600 km, 100m radius orbital tube
Polarisation Single Pol / Dual cross selectable pol & Compact polarimetry available on all modes; One fully polarimetric mode
Imaging Time 12 minutes/orbit (peak 20 minutes every three orbits)10 minutes continuous imaging
Lifetime 7 years (each satellite)
Drawing courtesy of MDA Systems Ltd
![Page 18: IGARSS 2011 - RCM, The Making of (AC) (Short).ppt](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020110/54621582b1af9f92238b4cef/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Bus Description – RCM Bus
Sun Sensor
Magnetometer
Reaction Wheel
Star Tracker
Battery
Power Control Unit
GPS
S-Band TransponderS-Band Antenna
Torque Rod
N2
Pictures courtesy of Industrial team
![Page 19: IGARSS 2011 - RCM, The Making of (AC) (Short).ppt](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020110/54621582b1af9f92238b4cef/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
System Description – RCM Payload
SAR Antenna
Power Distribution Unit
Tx/Rx Module
Tile Controller Unit
Mass Memory Unit
Central Electronic Unit
Payload Controller Unit
N2
AIS
Representations courtesy of Industrial team
![Page 20: IGARSS 2011 - RCM, The Making of (AC) (Short).ppt](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020110/54621582b1af9f92238b4cef/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
St-Hubert (X+S), Svalbard (X+S), Masstown and Aldergrove (X)
System Description – Ground Segment Baseline
20
![Page 21: IGARSS 2011 - RCM, The Making of (AC) (Short).ppt](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020110/54621582b1af9f92238b4cef/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Outline
21
• Project Description
• Design Parameters
• Nomenclature and Outcome
• System Description
• Project Status
• Industrial Team
![Page 22: IGARSS 2011 - RCM, The Making of (AC) (Short).ppt](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020110/54621582b1af9f92238b4cef/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Now
Project Status – Schedule and Cost Distribution
22
N
Ops Phase
Phase D
Y1 Y3Y2 Y9Y4 Y7Y5 Y8Y6 Y10 Y13 Y15Y14Y12Y11
Phase APhase B
![Page 23: IGARSS 2011 - RCM, The Making of (AC) (Short).ppt](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020110/54621582b1af9f92238b4cef/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Outline
23
• Project Description
• Design Parameters
• Nomenclature and Outcome
• System Description
• Project Status
• Industrial Team
![Page 24: IGARSS 2011 - RCM, The Making of (AC) (Short).ppt](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020110/54621582b1af9f92238b4cef/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Industrial Team
24
![Page 25: IGARSS 2011 - RCM, The Making of (AC) (Short).ppt](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020110/54621582b1af9f92238b4cef/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
• Typical contract structures:
Cost reimbursable (Progress payments)
Firm Fix Price (Milestone payments)
• Canadian content
• Regional distribution
• Earned Value Management
Industrial Team – Contract Arrangement & Control
25
N
![Page 26: IGARSS 2011 - RCM, The Making of (AC) (Short).ppt](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020110/54621582b1af9f92238b4cef/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Back Up
![Page 27: IGARSS 2011 - RCM, The Making of (AC) (Short).ppt](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020110/54621582b1af9f92238b4cef/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
RCM Description – Primary Objective
• Support the operational requirements of Canadian Government departments in the delivery of services to Canadians in areas of :
• Maritime surveillance
• Ecosystem monitoring
• Disaster management
N
![Page 28: IGARSS 2011 - RCM, The Making of (AC) (Short).ppt](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020110/54621582b1af9f92238b4cef/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
28
System Description – Spacecraft
N
![Page 29: IGARSS 2011 - RCM, The Making of (AC) (Short).ppt](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020110/54621582b1af9f92238b4cef/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
System Description – Spacecraft Exterior Layout
![Page 30: IGARSS 2011 - RCM, The Making of (AC) (Short).ppt](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020110/54621582b1af9f92238b4cef/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
• High-grade crypto on-board the satellites (Crypto Flight Unit) and on the ground (Crypto Ground Unit) to encrypt all commands and telemetry as well as classified science data (as needed)
• RCM will be capable of handling both classified and unclassified Orders and Products
• Unclassified science data will be encrypted to a lesser level (commercial grade)
• Crypto Ground Units will encrypt commands originating from the CSA operations center as well as decrypt classified and unclassified telemetry and science data
Crypto Ground Unit
Crypto Flight Unit
System Description – Security Level
30
Representations courtesy of Industrial team
![Page 31: IGARSS 2011 - RCM, The Making of (AC) (Short).ppt](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020110/54621582b1af9f92238b4cef/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
• An additional payload is being
considered to receive AIS signal
• Would allow real time coherent
acquisition of AIS signal with SAR
image to identify vessels of interest.
Payload Description – Automatic Identification of Ship (AIS)
31
![Page 32: IGARSS 2011 - RCM, The Making of (AC) (Short).ppt](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020110/54621582b1af9f92238b4cef/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Payload Description – Model Philosophy of Main Units
32
![Page 33: IGARSS 2011 - RCM, The Making of (AC) (Short).ppt](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020110/54621582b1af9f92238b4cef/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Bus Description – Model Philosophy of Bus Ssyst/Unit
33
![Page 34: IGARSS 2011 - RCM, The Making of (AC) (Short).ppt](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020110/54621582b1af9f92238b4cef/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
RCM Description – System Diagram
34
1
(1) SXGT: S/X Band Ground Terminal
![Page 35: IGARSS 2011 - RCM, The Making of (AC) (Short).ppt](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020110/54621582b1af9f92238b4cef/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
• Project Management– Schedule, Cost, Risks– Technical progress & integration (Space & Ground)– Implementation analysis– Intellectual Property– Mission Management– Data Policy– Data Utilization– Application Development– Commercialization License– Governance (Approval and Reporting)
35
Roles & Responsibilities – PMO Level Integration
35
![Page 36: IGARSS 2011 - RCM, The Making of (AC) (Short).ppt](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020110/54621582b1af9f92238b4cef/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Project Status – Requirements Evolution
36
![Page 37: IGARSS 2011 - RCM, The Making of (AC) (Short).ppt](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020110/54621582b1af9f92238b4cef/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
[SYS2010] Imaging Time Per Orbit. Each spacecraft in the system shall be capable of imaging at any time when all of the following constraints are satisfied:
1.No more than 36 minutes of imaging in any moving window time period of duration equal to three orbital periods.
2.No more than 20 minutes of imaging in any moving window time period of duration equal to one orbital period.
3.No more than 10 minutes of imaging in any moving window time period of duration 20 minutes.
4.The spacecraft is not in eclipse.
![Page 38: IGARSS 2011 - RCM, The Making of (AC) (Short).ppt](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020110/54621582b1af9f92238b4cef/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
[SYS3100] AIS Operating Time Per Orbit. Each spacecraft in the system shall be capable of collecting AIS at any time when all of the following constraints are satisfied:
1.No more than 51 minutes of AIS collection in any moving window time period of duration equal to three orbital periods.
2.No more than 25 minutes of AIS collection in any moving window time period of duration equal to one orbital period.
3.No more than 15 minutes of AIS collection in any moving window time period of duration 25 minutes.