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Immediacy, immersion and immersiveness in augmented reality, virtual reality and reality
Mark ChildsUniversity of Leicester
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•Immediacy•Immersion•Immersiveness
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Immediacy
• Responsiveness of the environment (or of others within the environment),
• The sense of transparency of the medium between participants and the psychological distance between them (Wheeler, 2007, 111 - 112)
• Unobtrusiveness• Perception of non-mediation
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Warwick University’s Cyberspherehtt
p://escience.anu.edu.au/lecture/cg/D
isplay/cave.en.html
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But … definitions of telepresence
• Suspension of disbelief experienced by users while being in a remote world and not in the physical one.
• A shift of focus of consciousness from the local environment to a remote one
• The perceptual illusion of non-mediation • (Sas and O’Hare, 2003; 523 - 524).
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Clarity
• Matthew Lombard and Theresa Ditton in the essay ‘At the Heart of It All: The Concept of Presence’ (2006), refer to the sense of submergence as psychological immersion.
• Perceptual immersion is the degree to which ‘what you see’ submerges the perceptual system of the user, enabling them to disregard the medium.
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So …
• Perceptual immersion = immediacy, non-mediation• Psychological immersion =
telepresence, presence, “being there”• But …. aren’t these the same
thing?
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Cisco “Telepresence”
http://arblog.inglobetechnologies.com/?p=1031
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How
ard Licthmann, Telepresence O
ptions, May 16, 2011
http://w
ww
.telepresenceoptions.com/2011/05/_today_w
e_begin_publishing/
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Not the technology
• Immersion depends on– Suspension of disbelief–Motivation to engage– Experience–Personalisation–Design of content (narrative,
appropriateness, etc)–Ability to feel embodied
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So…. ImmersivenessIs it ok to use the phrase?
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So for example
• We have a regular Interactive White Board
http://dotsyssoft.com/products-dotsys/
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Interactive Wall at Ruhr University Bochum
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Psychological and perceptual immersion
What difference does it make?
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Interface
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Augmentation
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Augmenting reality
http://hight3ch.com/augmented-reality-app-for-car-maintenance/
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http://blogs.cofc.edu/tlt/2012/09/25/tlt-faculty-social-augmented-reality-recap/
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Next step: Head Mounted Displays
• Google Glass
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v1uyQZNg2vE
• Spot the AR
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Immersion happens in the mind not the technology.
But the technology helps.
Psychological immersion will augment our reality more than perceptual immersion.
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• Biocca, F. (1997) The Cyborg’s Dilemma: Progressive Embodiment in Virtual Environments, Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 3 (2)
• Lombard, M. and Ditton, T. (1997) At the Heart of it All: The Concept of Presence, Journal of Computer Mediated Communication, 3 (2) September 1997
• Sas, C. and O’Hare, G.M.P. (2003) Presence Equation: An investigation into cognitive factors underlying presence, Presence 12 (5) October 2003 523-537, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• Wheeler, Steve (2007) The influence of communication technologies and approaches to study on transactional distance in blended learning, ALT-J, 15:2, 103 – 117