Download - Immigrants 1880- 1912, PART I:
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Why did they leave their native countries?
Why did they move to the U.S.?
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Most immigrants came from West European countries, such as England, Ireland & Germany
By 1900, 50% of immigrants were coming from Eastern & Southern Europe
After 1892-most were screened & processed at Ellis Island New York
Nearly all Chinese immigrants landed on the West Coast & were processed at Angel Island
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Usually endured crowded, unsanitary conditions
Were screened for illnesses that would prevent them admitted to the U.S.
Could only bring limited luggage
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To escape religious & political persecution
To get jobs To avoid upheaval of war To escape starvation To escape diseases
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Political and religious freedom Better economic opportunities Gold Rush Encouraging letters from relatives U.S. Government advertisements U.S. Business recruitment
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Majority headed to industrialized cities-such as New York, Chicago, & Boston
Most settled in clusters by language, culture, & religion
Learning English freed them to move where they wanted
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California Gold Rush attracted numerous Chinese immigrants
Many were escaping poverty, & famine
Chinese were key workers on railroads
1910 Angel Island opens in CA--processing center akin to Ellis Island
1882 Chinese Exclusion Act bans Chinese immigrants until 1943!
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Powerful, exotic religious beliefs and ceremonies
Foreign languages, dress and customs
Competition for housing & goods
Political upset if immigrants become voting citizens
Crime and debauchery in immigrant population
Plentiful supply of cheap labor competing for jobs
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“Cellar Tenement,” Women’s Municipal League Photo, 1914, No. 24-J58
Conwell, Col. Russell H. “Why the Chinese Emigrate, and the Means They Adopt for the Purpose of Getting to America.” Lee and Shepard, n. d.Frenzeny & Tavernia. “Emigrant Wagon—on the Way to the Railway Station” Harper’s Weekly, Oct. 25, 187?, p. 940.
H. Harrah, S.C. “On Board an Emigrant Ship,” The Graphic. Dec 2, 1871.
http://www.migrationinformation.org/datahub/charts/immigration18202007mils.jpg
http://lcweb2.loc.gov/service/pnp/ppmsca/05600/05660r.jpg
http://loc.gov/pictures/resource/cph.3b
http://www.angelfire.com/ns/immigration/
http://www.migrationinformation.org/datahub/charts/immigration18202007mils.jpg
“The Result of the Immigration from China,” New York, T. W. Strong, n. d.Riis, Jacob A. How the Other Half Lives; Studies Among the Tenements of New York; With Illustrations Chiefly From Photographs Taken by the Author.
Sandler, Martin J. Immigrants: A Library of Congress Book. New York, HarperCollins Publisher, 1995.Yankee Notions, Vol. VIII, #3, p. 65
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“Cellar Tenement,” Women’s Municipal League Photo, 1914, No. 24-J58
Conwell, Col. Russell H. “Why the Chinese Emigrate, and the Means They Adopt for the Purpose of Getting to America.” Lee and Shepard, n. d.Frenzeny & Tavernia. “Emigrant Wagon—on the Way to the Railway Station” Harper’s Weekly, Oct. 25, 187?, p. 940.
H. Harrah, S.C. “On Board an Emigrant Ship,” The Graphic. Dec 2, 1871.
http://blsciblogs.baruch.cuny.edu/his1005fall2010/tag/immigrants/
http://lcweb2.loc.gov/service/pnp/ppmsca/05600/05660r.jpg
http://loc.gov/pictures/resource/cph.3b http://martialhistory.com/wpcontent/uploads/2007/06/1869_anti_chinese.jpg&imgrefurl=http://martialhistory.com/2007/06/chinese-american-boxers-before-1900
http://www.migrationinformation.org/datahub/charts/immigration18202007mils.jpg
http://www.oregonlive.com/O/index.ssf/2009/02/oregons_immigration_debate_mor.html
http://sites.google.com/site/immigration327/working-conditions-for-immigrants
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http://sites.google.com/site/immigration327/triangle-shirtwaist-fire
http://www.angelfire.com/ns/immigration/
http://www.migrationinformation.org/datahub/charts/immigration18202007mils.jpg
http://www.pbs.org/kpbs/theborder/images/1900salt_mine.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.pbs.org/kpbs/theborder/history/interactive-timeline.html&usg
The Result of the Immigration from China,” New York, T. W. Strong, n. d.
Riis, Jacob A. How the Other Half Lives; Studies Among the Tenements of New York; With Illustrations Chiefly From Photographs Taken by the Author.
Sandler, Martin J. Immigrants: A Library of Congress Book. New York, HarperCollins Publisher, 1995.Yankee Notions, Vol. VIII, #3, p. 65