![Page 1: Impact of Fluoride Concentrations on Natural Waters throughout Texas](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/5681602c550346895dcf3cbe/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Impact of Fluoride Concentrations on Natural Waters throughout Texas
Mark StehouwerGIS in Water Resources
Fall 2013
![Page 2: Impact of Fluoride Concentrations on Natural Waters throughout Texas](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/5681602c550346895dcf3cbe/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
2
Agenda:1. Context and fluoride in water2. Impacted regions/mapping3. Connections with geography and hydrology4. Project conclusions
“To generate a visual medium by which fluoride contamination of water sources in the state of Texas along with the impacted
populations and geographic regions can better be understood”
Project Goal:
![Page 3: Impact of Fluoride Concentrations on Natural Waters throughout Texas](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/5681602c550346895dcf3cbe/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
3
Fluoride in Water• Debunking controversy and conspiracy• EPA Limit [F] = 4 mg/L• Benefits [F] < 1.5 mg/L
- Tooth Development- Cavity Prevention
• Health Risks [F] > 2 mg/L- Pitting of teeth- Dental and/or skeletal fluorosis
McGrady et al. BioMed Oral Health, 2012.Whyte et al. Amer. Jour. Med, 2005. FluorideActionNetwork, 2013.
CPHA. 2013.
![Page 4: Impact of Fluoride Concentrations on Natural Waters throughout Texas](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/5681602c550346895dcf3cbe/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
4
Mapping Fluoride through GIS
Basemaps
Thematic Maps
Fluoride Data
Mapping and Processing
![Page 5: Impact of Fluoride Concentrations on Natural Waters throughout Texas](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/5681602c550346895dcf3cbe/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
5
Fluoride in Surface Waters
![Page 6: Impact of Fluoride Concentrations on Natural Waters throughout Texas](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/5681602c550346895dcf3cbe/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
6
Fluoride in Surface Waters
![Page 7: Impact of Fluoride Concentrations on Natural Waters throughout Texas](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/5681602c550346895dcf3cbe/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
7
Fluoride Regions for Surface and Ground Waters
![Page 8: Impact of Fluoride Concentrations on Natural Waters throughout Texas](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/5681602c550346895dcf3cbe/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
8
Hydrology Results
Regional ground water fluoride contours and major aquifer overlay
Regional surface water fluoride contours and major basin overlay
![Page 9: Impact of Fluoride Concentrations on Natural Waters throughout Texas](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/5681602c550346895dcf3cbe/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
9
US Census Data
County Level Population Density and
Impacted Regions
[F] > 2mg/L
SW Fluoride > 2mg/L
GW Fluoride > 2mg/L
![Page 10: Impact of Fluoride Concentrations on Natural Waters throughout Texas](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/5681602c550346895dcf3cbe/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
10
Project Extensions and Conclusions
• Northwest Texas has highest potential for fluoride contamination
• Station and fluoride data limitations • GIS provides framework for visualizing and
identifying contaminant presence in natural environment
• To do… Find % Texas Population impacted by high fluoride
![Page 11: Impact of Fluoride Concentrations on Natural Waters throughout Texas](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/5681602c550346895dcf3cbe/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
11
Questions